Disease relevance of Cytoplasmic Structures

• These results suggest that part of the intracellular pefloxacin becomes associated with legionella, or with legionella-containing cytoplasmic structures [1].

High impact information on Cytoplasmic Structures

• Vps1p-specific antibody labels punctate cytoplasmic structures that condense to larger structures in a Golgi-accumulating sec7 mutant; thus, Vps1p may associate with an intermediate organelle of the secretory pathway [2].
• Antibodies raised against cytoplasmic dyneins have shown localization of dynein antigens to the mitotic spindles in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos (Lye et al., personal communication) and punctate cytoplasmic structures in Dictyostelium amoebae [3].
• Human Dcp2: a catalytically active mRNA decapping enzyme located in specific cytoplasmic structures [4].
• The ER/Golgi soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) membrin, rsec22b, and rbet1 are enriched in approximately 1-micrometer cytoplasmic structures that lie very close to the ER [5].
• Immunocytochemistry with antibodies to p22 demonstrates that this polypeptide localizes to punctate cytoplasmic structures and to the centrosome during interphase, and to kinetochores and to spindle poles throughout mitosis [6].

Biological context of Cytoplasmic Structures

• Nuclear and mitochondrial inheritance in yeast depends on novel cytoplasmic structures defined by the MDM1 protein [7].
• Ig-alpha and Ig-beta contain extended cytoplasmic structure (61 and 48 amino acids, respectively) and associate with cytoplasmic effectors indicating that they are directly involved in signal transduction [8].
• When the CAAX motif was changed to GAAX and the mutant protein was synthesized from an expression plasmid, it concentrated in punctate cytoplasmic structures reminiscent of Us2 localization in infected cells treated with lovastatin [9].
• Analysis of the fluorescence of monodansylcadaverine-positive cytoplasmic structures during 7-ketocholesterol-induced cell death [10].
• 7-Ketocholesterol favors lipid accumulation and colocalizes with Nile Red positive cytoplasmic structures formed during 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis: analysis by flow cytometry, FRET biphoton spectral imaging microscopy, and subcellular fractionation [11].

Anatomical context of Cytoplasmic Structures

• Tubular cytoplasmic structures whose membranes contain IMP aggregates which look identical to the IMP aggregates in the luminal membrane have also been described in granular cells from unstimulated and ADH-stimulated bladders [12].
• Furthermore, in the oocytes, CVH protein was predominantly localized in granulofibrillar structures surrounding the mitochondrial cloud and spectrin protein-enriched structure, indicating that the CVH-containing cytoplasmic structure is the precursory germ plasm in the chicken [13].
• Ultrastructural analysis indicated that compared with MAL bearing an intact RWKSS sequence, a mutant with lysine -3 substituted by serine showed a twofold increased presence in clathrin-coated cytoplasmic structures and a reduced expression on the plasma membrane [14].
• When expressed in keratinocytes, full-length CRIK, but not CRIK-SK, localizes into corpuscular cytoplasmic structures and elicits recruitment of actin into these structures [15].
• These data suggest that CLIP-170 has at least two functional domains in vivo, an N-terminal microtubule-binding domain, and a C-terminal domain that is involved in the anchoring of microtubules to peripheral cytoplasmic structures [16].

Associations of Cytoplasmic Structures with chemical compounds

• The diameter of these cytoplasmic structures (0.11 +/- 0.004 micrometers) corresponds to that of tubular invaginations of the luminal membrane seen in thin sections of ADH-treated bladders (0.13 +/- 0.005 micrometers) [12].
• These immunofluorescence labeling patterns are stable to extraction of cells with Triton X-100 before fixation, further suggesting an association of the protein with cytoplasmic structures [17].
• Fluorescent confocal microscopy of cells treated with rhodamine-labeled cationic liposome/ fluorescein-labeled ODN (F-ODN) complexes show the F-ODN separates from the lipid after internalization and enters the nucleus leaving the fluorescent lipid in cytoplasmic structures [18].
• Immunohistochemical analyses of DDT- or lindane-treated cells revealed a reduction in plasma membranous Cx43-positive gap junction plaques coincident with the appearance of Cx43-positive punctate cytoplasmic structures [19].
• Importantly, p13 was inducibly tyrosine phosphorylated upon cross-linking of NKAT8, which strongly suggests that the associated p13 provides KAR with appropriate cytoplasmic structure to couple with tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling effectors [20].

Gene context of Cytoplasmic Structures

• Ank3 is diffusely distributed in some or all cells and may be associated with cytoplasmic structures [21].
• TCR activation causes enrichment of PKC at the c-SMAC, followed by Bcl10 relocalization to punctate cytoplasmic structures, often at sites distant from the c-SMAC [22].
• We show that all CPEB1 isoforms are found associated with two previously described cytoplasmic structures, stress granules and dcp1 bodies [23].
• Association of HAP1 isoforms with a unique cytoplasmic structure [24].
• Using anti-peptide antisera directed against two different epitopes of Prs1p it was shown that Prs1p localizes to granular cytoplasmic structures [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cytoplasmic Structures

• The cytoplasmic structure of Sertoli cells of rat testes has been studied by electron microscopy of ultrathin sections [26].

References