Disease relevance of Scutellaria baicalensis

• Effects of Sho-saiko-to, San'o-shashin-to and Scutellariae Radix on intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in C6 rat glioma cells [1].
• Animals were pretreated by the oral administration of 150 g/day of food containing 0.02%, 0.07%, or 0.2% (w/w) extract of Scutellariae radix for 5 days, or by intravenous injection of baicalein, baicalin, or wogonin, 60 microg/kg or 600 microg/kg, 30 minutes before experimental uveitis was induced [2].

High impact information on Scutellaria baicalensis

• Our previous findings have shown that baicalein, a major flavonoid derived from the medicinal herb Scutellariae radix, induces Cl(-) secretion across rat colonic mucosa [3].
• The glucuronide conjugates of oroxylin A and two other flavones, baicalein, and wogonin, were isolated from the methanol extract of the herb scutellariae radix (Huang Qin) and were found to be inhibitors of rat liver NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2) [4].
• Inhibition of rat liver NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase) by flavonoids isolated from the Chinese herb scutellariae radix (Huang Qin) [4].
• In the present study, we examined the effect of Scutellariae radix extracts during acute ethanol exposure in N(2)a neuroblastoma [5].
• The Scutellariae radix extracts effectively inhibited ethanol-induced apoptosis and caspase-3/-7 activation [5].

Chemical compound and disease context of Scutellaria baicalensis

• Analysis of inhibitory effects of scutellariae radix and baicalein on prostaglandin E2 production in rat C6 glioma cells [6].

Biological context of Scutellaria baicalensis

• The Scutellariae radix extracts at high dose were observed to cause damage at the bile duct and expression change of a number of proteins including some involved in catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles, carbohydrate metabolism, regulators of cell signaling processes, and enzymes involved in biotransformation [7].
• San'o-shashin-to, composed of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and Rhei Rhizoma (volume ratio = 1:1:1), reduced an increase in arterial blood pressure of anesthetized rats induced by theophylline (5 mg/kg, i.v.). The hypotensive effect of San'o-shashin-to was produced in a dose dependent manner and was maximum at its 0.5 g/kg [8].

Anatomical context of Scutellaria baicalensis

• Antitumor effects of Scutellariae radix and its components baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin on bladder cancer cell lines [9].
• In addition, HHDT, Scutellariae radix, and baicalein significantly inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration in ischemic brain tissue at about the same rate (30%) [10].
• Effects of flavonoids isolated from Scutellariae radix on cytochrome P-450 activities in human liver microsomes [11].
• PURPOSE: To evaluate the possible inhibitory effects of hot water extract of Scutellariae radix and its major components (baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin) on experimental elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits [2].
• In isometric tension study, Scutellariae Radix and Rhei Rhizoma (10-30 microg/ml) slightly exerted contractile and relaxant effects, respectively, on the phenylephrine-contracted endothelium-intact rat thoracic aorta [8].

Associations of Scutellaria baicalensis with chemical compounds

• A rapid and sensitive method, using electrochemical detection, has been developed for the determination of baicalin and baicalein, the flavonoid of Scutellariae radix, in rat plasma [12].
• A structure-activity study was carried out to determine the important regions of baicalein and oroxylin A, two flavones isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix, in inhibiting NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2; DT-diaphorase) [13].
• These results suggest that the gastric mucosal protection of Coptidis rhizoma and Phellodendri cortex may be ascribed to the reinforcement of mucosal barrier resistance through endogenous sulfhydryl compounds and DDC-sensitive compounds, but those of Gardeniae fructus and Scutellariae radix may be independent of NEM- or DDC-sensitive compounds [14].
• A significant and dose-dependent induction of QR activity was observed in the methanol extract of scutellariae radix and baicalin [15].
• We previously reported that Oren (Coptidis rhizoma) and Ogon (Scutellariae radix) inhibit azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation [16].

Gene context of Scutellaria baicalensis

• The constituents Scutellariae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma were believed to be involved in COX-2 inhibition [17].
• In contrast, flavonoids isolated from Scutellariae Radix had no effect on production of t-PA induced by thrombin and thrombin receptor agonist peptide [18].
• These results suggest that baicalein in Scutellariae Radix reduces AA liberation through the inhibition of the MAPK-cPLA2 pathway [6].
• Thus, Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix suppressed experimental colon carcinogenesis, and their chemopreventive effects were explained from the inhibition of berberine on cyclooxygenase 2 activity and baicalein on cyclooxygenase 1 activity [19].
• The ethanol-induced caspase-11 expression was suppressed by pretreatment of the Scutellariae radix extracts [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Scutellaria baicalensis

• Baicalein, a component of Scutellariae radix, was also examined at a dosage of 50 mg/kg given 2 h apart, promptly prior to and 2 h after reperfusion [10].
• The water extracts of Sho-saiko-to and San'o-shashin-to, Kampo medicines which contain Scutellariae Radix (Ogon, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis GFORGI), inhibited histamine (100 microM)-induced increase in [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner [1].
• A method of micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis for determining the six flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix (i.e., baicalin, baicalein, wogonin 7-O-glucuronide, wogonin, oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide, and oroxylin A) has been developed [20].

References