Disease relevance of Organ Specificity

• Modification of the basic retinoid structure has produced retinoids with increased target organ specificity, resulting in increased anticancer activity with reduced systemic toxicity [1].
• Interaction of ligand-receptor systems between stromal-cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is closely involved in the organ specificity of cancer metastasis [2].
• Anti-cytoplasmic autoantibodies reactive with epithelial cells of the salivary gland in sera from patients with Sjögren's syndrome: their disease- and organ-specificities [3].
• The data suggest a potential mechanism for the organ specificity of kanamycin-induced hearing loss in patients which may result from melanin-induced augmentation of the inhibitory effects of kanamycin on collagen and DNA biosynthesis [4].

High impact information on Organ Specificity

• The target organ specificity of the carcinogens diethylnitrosamine [(DENA) CAS: 55-18-5], dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 57-14-7], and dibutylnitrosamine [(DBN) CAS: 924-16-3] was examined in Syrian golden hamsters [5].
• The organ specificity of the substrate-dependent import of PORA reveals a means of controlling plastid protein translocation that is closely associated with a key step in plant development, the light-dependent transformation of cotyledons from a storage organ to a photosynthetically active leaf [6].
• Analysis of their expression patterns with respect to organ specificity, floral differentiation, and response to light suggests that these genes are not involved in controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis, unlike the characterized myb-related genes C1 and Pl from maize [7].
• The organ specificity of this mammary extracellular material is shown by the failure of extracellular matrix prepared from rat liver to support mammary differentiation [8].
• The expression of CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 was differentially regulated in terms of organ specificity and response to CK [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Organ Specificity

• Allopurinol toxicity: its toxic organ-specificity between the liver and the kidney in the rat [10].

Biological context of Organ Specificity

• Thus, the Py A enhancer is required for efficient replication of Py in the pancreas without otherwise altering organ specificity, but both of the repeated copies of the Mo-MuLV enhancer are essential for pancreas-specific Py replication [11].
• Thus the proximal 1.4 kb of the murine ENK promoter region is sufficient for organ-specificity of ENK gene expression when targeted to a safe-haven genomic locus [12].
• METHODS: The organ specificity of exogenous gene expression in adult mice was examined with a bacterial beta-galactosidase (LacZ) expression plasmid under the influence of the bovine rhodopsin gene promoter [13].
• Nucleotide sequence of a tobacco cDNA encoding plastidic glutamine synthetase and light inducibility, organ specificity and diurnal rhythmicity in the expression of the corresponding genes of tobacco and tomato [14].
• A new approach to analyze the p53 mutation database of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory for a comparison of mutation spectra is described, with the aim of investigating organ specificity of etiological factors and putative organ-to-organ relationships in cancer pathogenesis [15].

Anatomical context of Organ Specificity

• Since the G3 domain of cartilage proteoglycan aggrecan with the p135 sequence is "lost" during the normal metabolic turnover of cartilage proteoglycan or in pathologic conditions, an antigenoriented T cell migration into joints of presensitized (susceptible) individuals may contribute to the organ-specificity of RA [16].
• According to these results, TSI might represent an autoantibody to the membranes associated with the TSH receptor of the target tissues without a strict organ specificity [17].
• Investigating the organ specificity of PAP, we found that some cross-reacting acid phosphatase activity could be so measured in human kidney, leukocytes, and platelets, all of which probably contribute to the circulating "prostatic" acid phosphatase that normally is present in serum [18].
• The organ specificity in binding suggests that covalent binding by lung microsomes may be related to the mechanism of 3MI-induced lung injury [19].
• Regarding CA IV, the results lead to the conclusion that omeprazole selectively inhibits gastric mucosa CA IV and does not modify the activity of the same isozyme from the kidney and lung, indicating organ specificity [20].

Associations of Organ Specificity with chemical compounds

• Organ specificity of glucocorticoid-sensitive tyrosine aminotransferase. Separation from aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes [21].
• On the basis of the structural features and lack of target organ specificity of the synthetic dithiolethione oltipraz, inhibition of angiogenesis was assessed as a potential mechanism for its broad-based chemopreventive activity [22].
• The levels of this adduct were similar in the different organs of the two rodent species, which supports the notion that glycidamide is relatively evenly distributed among tissues and that the organ-specificity in acrylamide carcinogenesis cannot be explained by a selective accumulation of the DNA-reactive metabolite in target organs [23].
• The induction pattern and organ specificity of glucuronidation indicate that all three 1-hydroxy nitrosamines are conjugated by group II phenobarbital inducible UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity [24].
• These results help explain the species and organ specificity of benzidine carcinogenesis [25].

Gene context of Organ Specificity

• Their involvement in conferring substrate dependency and organ specificity of PORA import was analyzed in intact Arabidopsis seedlings of wild type and the three mutants ppi3, ppi1 and ppi2 that are deficient in atToc34, atToc33, a closely related isoform of atToc34, and atToc159 [26].
• The results suggest a different pattern for the involvement of the ras genes in 1-nitropyrene-caused carcinogenesis, and also underlines the differences in the organ specificity of chemical carcinogens in humans and in experimental animals [27].
• Further studies are warranted to elucidate the function of this SULT1A1 polymorphism with regard to organ specificity, gene-environment interactions, and the gender-related difference we observed [28].
• Biochemical studies on the structures and the organ specificities of several mucin core proteins (MUC1-MUC7) have been reported during the past several years [29].
• The organ specificity of AtHMA4 was analysed in Arabidopsis and showed that AtHMA4 was expressed in a range of tissues with highest expression in roots [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Organ Specificity

• Western blot analysis showed organ specificity for MSVSP99, which could not be detected in several organs in the mouse [31].
• As a part of the 2nd Collaborative Study for the Transgenic Mouse Mutation Assay, we studied the organ specificity and the temporal changes in mutant frequency (MF) of the lacZ gene following intraperitoneal injection of 250 mg/kg N-propyl-N-nitrosourea into male MutaMouse [32].
• Increased extent of DNA migration, as measured by the in vivo rat comet assay, was found in brain and testes, and these specific results seem to be in accordance with the known organ-specificity in acrylamide carcinogenesis in rat [33].
• BACKGROUND: Although hyaluronan has been acknowledged as being free of species and organ specificity, for 4 years I have encountered a variety of adverse reactions to injectable hyaluronic acid as used in aesthetic medicine [34].
• Homing kinetics of indium-111 labelled bacteria: detection of organ specificities as revealed by scintigraphy [35].

References