Disease relevance of Africa, Southern

• Hepatitis B virus replication in southern Africa blacks with HBsAg-positive hepatocellular carcinoma [1].
• Our purpose was to ascertain whether alcohol abuse is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in urban southern Africa blacks and, if so, to relate alcohol consumption to other possible risk factors such as persistent hepatitis-B-virus infection, smoking, male sex, in this subpopulation [2].
• DNA sequence analysis of the long terminal repeat of the C subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Southern Africa reveals a dichotomy between B subtype and African subtypes on the basis of upstream NF-IL6 motif [3].
• Cardiomyopathy has been considered to be the most prevalent form of heart disease amongst Blacks in Southern Africa. In the present study we evaluated 5725 patients with heart disease [4].
• We analyzed the ferroportin 1 gene in 19 unrelated patients from southern Africa (N = 15) and the United States (N = 4) presenting with primary iron overload [5].

High impact information on Africa, Southern

• Selective G to T mutations of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma from southern Africa [6].
• In southern Africa, HCV is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma but HBV is present in a higher proportion of patients [7].
• The origins of the Lemba "Black Jews" of southern Africa: evidence from p12F2 and other Y-chromosome markers [8].
• CONCLUSIONS--The prevalence of NIDDM in urban Africans in Cape Town, South Africa, is moderately high, and considerably higher than previous reports from Africa. The association of NIDDM with urbanization has important implications in view of the large-scale urbanization occurring in southern Africa [9].
• Overall, these results suggest that dhfr alleles that confer high levels of resistance to antifolates are rare, even in eastern and southern Africa, where pyrimethamine has been intensively used [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Africa, Southern

• Because of the occasional need for an alternative drug for the treatment of tick-bite fever, a study of the value of erythromycin for the variety of tick-borne typhus fever occurring in southern Africa was undertaken [11].

Biological context of Africa, Southern

• Genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P4501A1, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, and glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 in Zimbabweans and Venda of southern Africa [12].
• Arrhenius parameters were derived from laboratory experiments combined with rate constant values found for 14C-dated OES from stratified caves in southern Africa. These parameters for isoleucine epimerization and leucine hydrolysis differ by ca. 10%, allowing the simultaneous solution of the two equations for temperature, independent of sample age [13].
• Nassarius kraussianus populations in the Durban and Richards Bay harbours (along the eastern seaboard of southern Africa) and in the Knysna lagoon (southern Cape coast) showed imposex development, confirming bioavailability of tributyltin (TBT) in these waterways [14].
• Although genetic distance measurements suggest that Johannesburg Coloureds have a greater SA Negro contribution to their gene pool than the Cape Coloureds, the results are in accordance with previous studies suggesting that coloureds in southern Africa form a relatively homogeneous group [15].
• Trichloroacetic acid as additional factor contributing to desertification in southern Africa [16].

Anatomical context of Africa, Southern

• Liver cell dysplasia accompanying hepatocellular carcinoma in southern Africa. Differences between urban and rural populations [17].
• Ochratoxin A is a probable carcinogen, and may cause urinary tract cancer and kidney damage in people from northern and eastern Europe. Fumonisins appear to be the cause of oesophageal cancer in southern Africa, parts of China and elsewhere [18].
• There is little information on environmental lead absorption in childhood in southern Africa. The concentration of lead in the dentine of shed teeth was measured as a cumulative marker of long-term absorption in 80 children attending a Cape Town dental clinic [19].
• In 375 HIV-1-infected study subjects from southern Africa, a significantly greater number of CD8+ T-cell responses are HLA-B-restricted, compared to HLA-A (2.5-fold; P = 0.0033) [20].

Associations of Africa, Southern with chemical compounds

• In eastern and southern Africa, there has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of alleles with mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase gene (dhfr) associated with increased risk of clinical failure of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (S/P) [10].
• The production of moniliformin by isolates of F. oxysporum and F. avenaceum from southern Africa is described [21].
• Serum uric acid concentrations in a Xhosa community in the Transkei of Southern Africa [22].
• As there is a high incidence of chlamydial infections in southern Africa requiring tetracycline therapy, selective pressures exist in the environment for the maintenance and rapid spread of high-level tetracycline-resistant N. gonorrhoeae [23].
• This clade has its highest species diversity in southern Africa, suggesting a possible biogeographic connection with the Cape Floral Region [24].

Gene context of Africa, Southern

• A cDNA corresponding to 1-Cys peroxiredoxin, an evolutionarily conserved thiol-specific antioxidant enzyme, was isolated from Xerophyta viscosa Baker, a resurrection plant indigenous to Southern Africa and belonging to the family Velloziaceae [25].
• Red cell adenosine deaminase (ADA) polymorphism in Southern Africa, with special reference to ADA deficiency among the !Kung [26].
• This is also the first autosomal recessive RP disease-causing rhodopsin mutation that has been identified in Southern Africa. Analysis of the extended pedigree indicated obligate heterozygous carriers of the mutation, without obvious signs of visual impairment in early adulthood [27].
• A population study on rheumatoid arthritis in Lesotho, southern Africa [28].
• 64 virus isolates from western, central and southern Africa were all consistently distinguishable by MAbs to certain epitopic sites on GP1, GP2 and NP viral proteins [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Africa, Southern

• Body size among Holocene foragers of the Cape Ecozone, southern Africa [30].
• Application of immunoperoxidase techniques to formalin-fixed brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies in southern Africa [31].

References