Disease relevance of Pepleomycin

• BACKGROUND: A new drug-delivery format comprising activated carbon particles adsorbing peplomycin (PEP-CH) was developed for the treatment of superficial esophageal cancer [1].
• Selective enhancement of the cytotoxicity of the bleomycin derivative, peplomycin, by local anesthetics alone and combined with hyperthermia [2].
• A preliminary report on the treatment of lung cancer with pepleomycin [3].
• Experiments are described here in which Chinese hamster V-79 cells in culture and a murine squamous cell carcinoma in vivo have been used to obtain survival curves for pepleomycin alone or in combination with radiation [4].
• Reduced pulmonary toxicity of peplomycin in a new drug-delivery system [5].

Psychiatry related information on Pepleomycin

• Resting salivary flow rate (SFR) of the combined therapy group was decreased to half the initial rate, and a 20% decrease of SFR was seen in the PLM group [6].

High impact information on Pepleomycin

• RESULTS: Rats given PEP-CH had significantly higher peplomycin levels in the regional lymph nodes and the injection site than rats given aqueous solution [1].
• Endoscopic local injection of a new drug-delivery format of peplomycin for superficial esophageal cancer: a pilot study [1].
• The lethal effects of bleomycin and its derivative, peplomycin, were determined for HeLa S3 cells grown in multicell spheroids cocultured with human diploid fibroblasts [7].
• Combination of lidocaine (3 to 6 mM) and moderate hyperthermia (40 and 41 degrees) greatly enhanced peplomycin cytotoxicity, although these doses of lidocaine alone were ineffective at 37 degrees, and the temperatures alone enhanced the cytotoxicity only slightly [2].
• The enhancing effect of lidocaine on peplomycin-induced cell killing was found to increase as pH increased within the range of 7.0 to 8.0 [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pepleomycin

• Between 1986 and 1991, 35 patients with esophageal cancer (TNM stages II-IV) underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymph adenectomy and were subsequently treated with 5,000 cGy of radiation (days 1-40) and concurrently with two courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin, vindesine and pepleomycin, days 21-26 and 49-54) [8].
• Chemotherapy administered using two-route infusion of cisplatin and sodium thiosulfate and intravenous infusion of vinblastine and peplomycin in patients with oral cancer [9].
• Effects of preoperative radiotherapy on rectal cancer. Preliminary report on combining radiation with intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine [10].
• These results indicate that MRK20-F(ab')2 detects a novel multidrug resistance to anthracyclines, mitoxantrone, etoposide, bleomycin and pepleomycin in cultured human leukemia and lymphoma cells [11].
• The lung cancer cells were relatively resistant to pepleomycin (PEP), 5-fluorouracil (5 FU), vincristine (VCR) and vindesine (VDS) [12].

Biological context of Pepleomycin

• Cell sensitization to peplomycin cytotoxicity induced by lidocaine combined with 41 degrees hyperthermia produced a decrease in cell survival that depended on the dose of lidocaine and the dose and duration of peplomycin treatment [2].
• RW-12 enhanced most effectively both pepleomycin (PEM)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis [13].
• The incubation of peplomycin (5 microM) with plasmid DNA resulted in its degradation as observed by agarose gel electrophoresis [14].
• These findings suggest that binding of PyPyPy to the DNA minor groove changes the DNA conformation to allow peplomycin to cleave DNA more efficiently at GC-rich sequences, resulting in intensive site-specific DNA cleavage particularly at cytosines at the 3'-side of polyguanines [15].
• In 4 patients it was found that the effect of chemotherapy with pepleomycin and carbazilquinone on NK activity and ADCC differed according to the drug used [16].

Anatomical context of Pepleomycin

• A peplomycin-supersensitive cell line lacking activation of poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) synthetase by peplomycin [17].
• Micronucleus formation in different lymphocyte subpopulations in peplomycin-treated and control cultures [18].
• The therapeutic effects of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy administered by two-route infusion of cisplatin and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, and intravenous infusion of vinblastine and peplomycin were studied in 22 patients with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or maxillary sinus [9].
• In peplomycin cultures, the proportion of B cells decreased as compared with control cultures [18].
• B cells were found to be more sensitive to peplomycin induction than were T lymphocytes [18].

Associations of Pepleomycin with other chemical compounds

• Enzyme immunoassay for pepleomycin, a new bleomycin analog [19].
• Systemic chemotherapy with vincristine, peplomycin and cisplatin was effective for the prostatic as well as the retroperitoneal lesion [20].
• Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) level and protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the membrane after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation were decreased by 5-FU and CDDP but not by 137Cs and, in contrast, were increased by PLM [21].
• The antitumor activities of cisplatin, adriamycin, bleomycin, peplomycin, cyclophosphamide, and melphalan were significantly suppressed when the concentration of metallothionein in the tumor was increased to only twice the control level [22].
• The remaining four drugs (peplomycin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-MP, and methotrexate) were inactive against the MX-1 tumor [23].

Gene context of Pepleomycin

• Short term (< or = 4 h) treatment with PLM, 5-FU and CDDP enhanced respiratory burst of PMN, whereas long term (8 h) treatment, as well as radiation, suppressed reactive oxygen generation from PMN in a dose dependent manner [21].
• Treatment of DNA with L-ascorbic acid or peplomycin, that introduces single-strand breaks through active oxygen radicals, greatly enhanced the susceptibility to nucleolytic attacks from Endo G [24].
• Correlation between EGF receptor expression and peplomycin cytotoxicity in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines [25].
• We determined in vitro the antitumor activity of a conjugate prepared by binding a monoclonal antibody (B4G7), which recognizes the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, with peplomycin (PEP), which is an antitumor agent effective against squamous cell carcinoma [26].
• Potentiation of the cytotoxicity of peplomycin against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma by bleomycin hydrolase inhibitors [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pepleomycin

• METHODS: The drug distribution was measured in rats that received subcutaneous injections of PEP-CH or peplomycin aqueous solution [1].
• X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigation of Fe(II)-peplomycin and peplomycin derivatives: the effect of axial ligation on Fe-pyrimidine back-bonding [28].
• The metastatic lesion was treated first by combination chemotherapy regimen of platinum, vinblastine, and peplomycin, but the pulmonary metastasis did not completely disappear and a segmental resection of the left upper lung including a metastatic nodule was performed [29].
• Experimental and clinical evaluation by flow cytometry for the mechanism of combination therapy (cisplatin and peplomycin) [30].
• Therefore, pepleomycin may be superior to bleomycin not only in drug therapy but also in combined modality therapy [4].

References