Disease relevance of Azauridine

• Effects of cytosine arabinoside, adenine arabinoside, and 6-azauridine on rabies virus in vitro and in vivo [1].
• Paramyxovirus-avian cell relationship: discrepant impact of 6-azauridine on virus production by susceptible and less susceptible cells [2].
• The replication of mumps virus in susceptible chicken embryonic heart cells was escalated by daily treatment of cultures with 6-azauridine (6-AU) [2].
• There was a suggestion of antiviral activity with 6-azauridine in swine infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus; however, enhancement of disease and some toxicity were seen in most of the other models [3].
• The antiviral agents cytosine arabinoside, adenine arabinoside, and 6-azauridine were shown to inhibit the replication of rabies virus in vitro but not the replication of Sindbis virus [1].

Psychiatry related information on Azauridine

• Considering the sensitivity peaks of the morphogenetic processes which were observed, the dose-response relationships, the transformation of the teratogenic to a lethal effect and critical period extension with increasing doses, it was found that the effects of ia and im administered 6-azauridine did not differ [4].

High impact information on Azauridine

• OMPase may be responsible, in part, for the low levels of intracellular "free" OMP and for orotidine accumulation in cells treated with 6-azauridine and patients suffering from aortic aciduria [5].
• L1210 cells treated with 1 mM 6-azauridine (AzUrd) (concentration causing 50% inhibition of cell growth, 3 microM) continued to divide at a reduced rate for 72 h before stopping [6].
• UMP synthase in extracts from deficient cells is more readily denatured by heat and is stabilized after growth of cells in 6-azauridine [7].
• In fibroblasts from individuals with orotic aciduria, these two enzymatic activities are about 1% of normal but increase dramatically when deficient cells are grown in the presence of 6-azauridine [7].
• Resistant Chinese hamster cells remain sensitive to 5-fluorouridine; this indicates that uridine kinase, the enzyme necessary to convert 6-azauridine to the monophosphate, is still functional [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Azauridine

• 7. Stimulation of the pyrimidine pathway was not observed in the case of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells incubated under similar conditions with 6-azauridine [9].
• In Ehrlich ascites cells in vitro, where 6-azauridine did not increase carbamoyl phosphate production, the basal PPRibP level was high (range over 0.1 mM) and the changes in the level, brought about by the analogue, were relatively small [10].
• As the most selective inhibitors of SSPE virus replication emerged pyrazofurin, 3-deazaguanine, 6-azauridine and ribavirin [11].
• Ribavirin and 6-azauridine proved to be active on the replication of the 11 tested pathogenic flaviviruses at the concentrations which did not alter normal cell morphology, but they were not selective inhibitors when selectivity indices were evaluated with regard to the inhibition of cell growth because of their cytostatic effect [12].
• Ribavirin, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), 6-azauridine and glycyrrhizin were tested in vitro for their antiviral activities against 11 pathogenic flaviviruses belonging to principal antigenic complexes or individual serogroups of medical importance: dengue, Japanese encephalitis, mammalian tick-borne and yellow fever virus (YFV) groups [12].

Biological context of Azauridine

• Effect of 6-azauridine and pyrazofurin on fibrinolysis by L1210 leukemic cells [13].
• The method was found to be specific for RVFV, and it was successfully applied to the detection of the RVFV genome in animal sera infected with RVFV as well as to the assessment of the efficiency of various drugs (ribavirin, alpha interferon, 6-azauridine, and glycyrrhizin) for antiviral activity [14].
• Site specific incorporation of 6-azauridine into the genomic HDV ribozyme active site [15].

Anatomical context of Azauridine

• Concurrent development of resistance to 6-azauridine and adenosine in a mouse cell line [16].
• Generally, a concentration of 10 mM was required before thymidine, 6-azathymine, 6-azauracil or 6-azauridine depolarized ganglia [17].
• 4. There was no indication that 6-azauridine altered [14C]bicarbonate permeation through the cell membrane or its intracellular metabolism [9].
• Acquisition of resistance to 6-azauridine through DNA amplification in neoplastic but not normal osteoblasts [18].
• Anti-WNV activity of 6-azauridine was confirmed by virus yield reduction assay when the assay was performed 2 days after initial infection in Vero cells [19].

Associations of Azauridine with other chemical compounds

• Of nucleosides that have been used in the chemotherapy of cancer, 5-fluorouridine, 6-azauridine, and 3-deazauridine are good substrates, whereas arabinosylcytosine is a poor substrate [20].
• Using an incomplete factorial experimental design, we have identified conditions for crystallization of yeast orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODCase) in an unliganded state and complexed separately to two inhibitors: 6-azauridine 5'-monophosphate (aza-UMP) and 1-(5'-phospho-beta-D-ribofuranosyl) barbituric acid (BMP) [21].
• Intermediates of the orotic acid pathway and 6-azauridine had little effect on the synthetase activity in vitro [10].
• The effect on cell growth and HBsAg production of Cordycepin, 6-azauridine, and Hygromicin B is reported [22].
• Their cytotoxic activity against three human (HeLa, SK.N.SH, and ECV 304) and two murine (L929 and RAW 264.7) carcinoma cell lines varied between 1.5 to 35 micrograms/ml and was comparable with azauridine and chlorambucil [23].

Gene context of Azauridine

• A variant of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient, and adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient mouse resistant to 6-azauridine [16].
• The monofunctional OPRT protein was less stable than the ODC protein at 45 degrees C. Growth of transfected cells in 6-azauridine resulted in striking increases in activity and temperature stability for the monofunctional ODC protein [24].
• Selectivity indices of human recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) (Roferon and Introna), iota-, kappa- and lambda- carrageenans, fucoidan and 6-azauridine were much higher than that of ribavirin, the only antiviral substance which has been previously investigated for its inhibitory effects on Phlebovirus infections [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Azauridine

• The new metabolites of 6-azauridine are identified by high pressure and thin layer chromatography coupled with enzyme treatments [26].
• Utilizing a standard animal model for the recognition of venous and arterial thrombosis, 6-azauridine was demonstrated in this study to cause thrombosis without producing homocystinemia when administered orally or intravenously [27].
• Simultaneous determination of 6-azacytidine, 6-azauridine, arabinoside cytosine and arabinoside uracil in blood by liquid chromatography [28].

References