Disease relevance of STAB1

• Affinity of the tested head and neck cancer cell lines to the lymphatic endothelium varied greatly, but adhesion of all cell lines was dependent on both the MR and CLEVER-1 [1].
• In contrast, endothelial MS-1 antigen expression rarely occurred in other skin lesions, including vascular tumors, six of which were Kaposi's sarcomas (13% and 0% of cases with vascular MS-1 expression, respectively) [2].
• Among the skin lesions tested, MS-1 antigen expression by endothelial cells of continuous origin is frequently observed in wound healing tissue, in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, in psoriasis, and in melanoma metastasis, ie, in 100%, 80%, 71%, and 71% of cases, respectively [2].
• By phage display and in vitro-binding assays, we now show that SPARC interacts with stabilin-1, a scavenger receptor expressed by tissue macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells [3].
• Penetrating injuries of chest. Stab and gunshot wounds [4].

High impact information on STAB1

• On isolated vascular endothelial cells, CLEVER-1 supported rolling and transmigration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) under physiologically relevant laminar shear stress [5].
• Here we studied the function of human CLEVER-1 in leukocyte trafficking [5].
• CLEVER-1 mediates lymphocyte transmigration through vascular and lymphatic endothelium [5].
• Common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor-1 (CLEVER-1; also known as stabilin-1 or FEEL-1) is a large multifunctional glycoprotein implicated in scavenging, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion [5].
• Lymphatic vessels expressed CLEVER-1 constitutively in skin in vivo, whereas on vascular endothelium it appeared only upon inflammation [5].

Biological context of STAB1

• By immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, we established that stabilin-1 is preferentially localized in early endosome antigen-1-positive early/sorting endosomes and in recycling endosomes identified by transferrin endocytosis [6].
• Deletion of DDSLL and LL amino acid motifs resulted in decreased binding of stabilin-1 with GGAs [6].
• A data base search suggested the presence of a paralogous gene of FEEL-1, the full-length cDNA of this gene was also cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined [7].
• The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone indicated that its domain organization is similar to FEEL-1, and we named this clone FEEL-2 [7].
• Reverse transcription and PCR analysis revealed that both FEEL-1 and FEEL-2 were expressed in several tissues and expressed highly in the spleen and lymph node [7].

Anatomical context of STAB1

• To determine the extent of conservation of the SATB1 gene among different species, we cloned a mouse homolog of the human STAB1 cDNA from a cDNA expression library of the mouse thymus, the tissue in which this protein is predominantly expressed [8].
• In the present study, we analyzed the subcellular distribution of stabilin-1 in primary human macrophages [6].
• Whereas stabilin-1 is expressed in sinusoidal endothelial cells and in macrophages in vivo, stabilin-2 is absent from the latter [6].
• Stabilin-1 localizes to endosomes and the trans-Golgi network in human macrophages and interacts with GGA adaptors [6].
• Stabilin-1 was also found in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) but not in Golgi stack structures [6].

Associations of STAB1 with chemical compounds

• Treatment with brefeldin A resulted in accumulation of stabilin-1 in the TGN [6].
• Using flow cytometry, expression of stabilin-1 was demonstrated on the surface of interleukin-4/dexamethasone-stimulated macrophages (MPhi2) [6].
• The effect of monoclonal antibodies against FEEL-1 indicated that FEEL-1 is the major receptor for 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbo-cyanine perchlorate (DiI)-labeled acetylated low density lipoprotein (DiI-Ac-LDL) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells [7].
• All puffs that have been described by Clever (1961) as being inducible by ecdysterone have been found to contain irreversibly bound ecdysterone in prepupal salivary gland chromosomes [9].

Co-localisations of STAB1

• A small portion of stabilin-1 colocalized with GGA2 and GGA3 in the TGN in MPhi2 [6].

Other interactions of STAB1

• Association of stabilin-1 was infrequently seen with p62 lck ligand-positive late endosomes and with CD63-positive lysosomes but not in lysosome-associated membrane protein-1-positive lysosomes [6].
• In addition, we show using full-length stabilin-1 cDNA and a stabilin-1/CD44 chimera in HeLa cells that intracellular targeting is influenced by the transmembrane domain/cytoplasmic tail, which contains a putative dileucine (DXXLL) Golgi to endosomal sorting signal [10].
• Among the most complex is stabilin-1, a large multidomain protein containing tandem fasciclin domains, epidermal growth factor-like repeats, and a C-type lectin-like hyaluronan-binding Link module, which functions as an endocytic receptor for acetylated low density lipoprotein and advanced glycation end products [10].
• Based on the domain structures, we temporarily named it FEEL-1 (fasciclin, EGF-like, laminin-type EGF-like, and link domain-containing scavenger receptor-1) [7].
• Antigen expression corroborates these morphologic data in that CD31, CD34, and 1F10 antigen are exclusively expressed in continuous endothelia, while MS-1 antigen is preferentially expressed in non-continuous sinusoidal endothelia [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of STAB1

• The "Clever Hans" phenomenon in animal models of schizophrenia, or homology as an important factor in comparing behavioral functions across species [12].
• In all cases, splitting caused virtually no blood loss because subcutaneous veins were left intact, and the wounds healed well, especially in infants. 'Stab and split' is an effective alternative incision technique for minor surgery in younger children [13].
• The Lr37 gene was identified in the cultivars Kris, Clever, Slade, Apache, Caphorn, Lorraine, Balthasar, Renan and confirmed by two PCR markers [14].
• The study compared, by a prospective, randomized method, 6 treatment options: A: Sclerotherapy; B: High-dose sclerotherapy; C: Multiple ligations; D: Stab avulsion; E: Foam-sclerotherapy; F: Surgery (ligation) followed by sclerotherapy [15].

References