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MeSH Review

Amino Acid Motifs

 
 
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Disease relevance of Amino Acid Motifs

 

High impact information on Amino Acid Motifs

  • These studies illustrate that Notch-like EGF and discoidin/C domains, protein motifs that facilitate a variety of cellular interactions, participate in gamete recognition as well [6].
  • We have identified and characterized a novel family of mouse genes that share a protein motif, the T-box, with the prototypical T locus [7].
  • Although there is no obvious sequence similarity between HCF and other known proteins, HCF contains eight repeats of a new 26 amino acid motif. cDNAs encoding HCF predict a large open reading frame of 2035 codons [8].
  • In addition, both brm and SNF2 contain a 77 amino acid motif that is found in other Drosophila, yeast, and human regulatory proteins and may be characteristic of a new family of regulatory proteins [9].
  • SH2 regions are protein motifs capable of binding target protein sequences that contain a phosphotyrosine [10].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Amino Acid Motifs

  • A highly conserved protein motif characteristic of Class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetases was found to align with a region of Escherichia coli asparagine synthetase A. The alignment was most striking for aspartyl tRNA synthetase, an enzyme with catalytic similarities to asparagine synthetase [11].
  • An aspartic acid at amino acid 108 is required to rescue infectious virus after transfection of a poliovirus cDNA containing a CGDD but not SGDD amino acid motif in 3Dpol [12].
  • The N-terminal metal binding extension of the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase from Haemophilus ducreyi is constituted by a histidine-rich region followed by a methione-rich sequence which shows high similarity with protein motifs involved in the binding of Cu(I) [13].
  • Immunoblot analysis with the antipeptide antibody revealed cross-reactivity with native toxin, a recombinant protein containing the toxin A repeats, and a glucan-binding protein from Streptococcus mutans whose primary structure has repeating amino acid motifs similar to those of the synthetic peptide [14].
  • Orthologues of the putative S. aureus NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligase could be identified in the genomes of Bacillus stearothermophilus and other gram-positive bacteria and confirmed the presence of four conserved amino acid motifs, including motif I, KXDG with lysine 112, which is believed to be the proposed site of adenylation [15].
 

Biological context of Amino Acid Motifs

 

Anatomical context of Amino Acid Motifs

 

Associations of Amino Acid Motifs with chemical compounds

  • Synthetic ras peptides encompassing the common activating substitution of leucine for glutamine at position 61 were constructed with an amino acid motif appropriate for binding to the H-2Kb murine class I MHC molecule [26].
  • The introduction of alanine-scanning mutations within this membrane-proximal region did not prevent endoproteolytic release, indicating that a specific amino acid motif was not an absolute requirement for cleavage [27].
  • Analysis of the cytoplasmic domain of L-MAG identifies amino acid motifs at tyrosine 35 and tyrosine 65 which meet the criteria for "tyrosine internalization signals" that direct transmembrane glycoproteins into the endocytic pathway [28].
  • These interactions are dependent on the presence of the conserved amino acid motif WSPCSVTCG within the sequences of the constructs and are completely inhibited by several sulfated glycoconjugates as well as by suramin, a polysulfonated drug with anti-protozoan activity [29].
  • The granulin/epithelin protein motif has an unusual structure consisting of a parallel stack of beta-hairpins stapled together by six disulphide bonds [30].
 

Gene context of Amino Acid Motifs

  • However, most of the cooperative interactions arise from the YPWM amino-acid motif of Ultrabithorax-located amino-terminally to its homeodomain-which forms a reverse turn and inserts into a hydrophobic pocket on the Extradenticle homeodomain surface [31].
  • The amino acid motif QKRAA, when expressed on HLA-DRB1, carries susceptibility to develop rheumatoid arthritis [32].
  • Some members possess a death domain, a protein motif that functions to transmit apoptotic signals, whereas others, such as CD40, do not [33].
  • This interaction involves a conserved amino acid motif, which is critical for the silencing activity of TIF1beta but not TIF1alpha [34].
  • Bcd-dependent translational repression involves a portion of the PEST motif of Bcd, a conserved protein motif best known for its function in protein degradation [35].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Amino Acid Motifs

References

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  14. Antigenic cross-reactivity and functional inhibition by antibodies to Clostridium difficile toxin A, Streptococcus mutans glucan-binding protein, and a synthetic peptide. Wren, B.W., Russell, R.R., Tabaqchali, S. Infect. Immun. (1991) [Pubmed]
  15. Cloning and functional characterization of an NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligase from Staphylococcus aureus. Kaczmarek, F.S., Zaniewski, R.P., Gootz, T.D., Danley, D.E., Mansour, M.N., Griffor, M., Kamath, A.V., Cronan, M., Mueller, J., Sun, D., Martin, P.K., Benton, B., McDowell, L., Biek, D., Schmid, M.B. J. Bacteriol. (2001) [Pubmed]
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  21. Functional characterization of a signal transducing motif present in the T cell antigen receptor zeta chain. Irving, B.A., Chan, A.C., Weiss, A. J. Exp. Med. (1993) [Pubmed]
  22. Constitutive expression of calreticulin in osteoblasts inhibits mineralization. St-Arnaud, R., Prud'homme, J., Leung-Hagesteijn, C., Dedhar, S. J. Cell Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
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  25. Mice lacking the integrin beta5 subunit have accelerated osteoclast maturation and increased activity in the estrogen-deficient state. Lane, N.E., Yao, W., Nakamura, M.C., Humphrey, M.B., Kimmel, D., Huang, X., Sheppard, D., Ross, F.P., Teitelbaum, S.L. J. Bone Miner. Res. (2005) [Pubmed]
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  27. Structural requirements regulate endoproteolytic release of the L-selectin (CD62L) adhesion receptor from the cell surface of leukocytes. Chen, A., Engel, P., Tedder, T.F. J. Exp. Med. (1995) [Pubmed]
  28. Endocytic depletion of L-MAG from CNS myelin in quaking mice. Bö, L., Quarles, R.H., Fujita, N., Bartoszewicz, Z., Sato, S., Trapp, B.D. J. Cell Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  29. Thrombospondin related anonymous protein (TRAP) of Plasmodium falciparum binds specifically to sulfated glycoconjugates and to HepG2 hepatoma cells suggesting a role for this molecule in sporozoite invasion of hepatocytes. Müller, H.M., Reckmann, I., Hollingdale, M.R., Bujard, H., Robson, K.J., Crisanti, A. EMBO J. (1993) [Pubmed]
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  34. Interaction with members of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family and histone deacetylation are differentially involved in transcriptional silencing by members of the TIF1 family. Nielsen, A.L., Ortiz, J.A., You, J., Oulad-Abdelghani, M., Khechumian, R., Gansmuller, A., Chambon, P., Losson, R. EMBO J. (1999) [Pubmed]
  35. Sequence interval within the PEST motif of Bicoid is important for translational repression of caudal mRNA in the anterior region of the Drosophila embryo. Niessing, D., Dostatni, N., Jäckle, H., Rivera-Pomar, R. EMBO J. (1999) [Pubmed]
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