Disease relevance of TMEM11

• Experiments to identify cell determinants involved in HIV-1 tropism revealed a specific decrease in the expression of the T-cell activation antigen CD26 after monocytotropic (M-tropic) but not T-cell line-tropic (T-tropic) virus infection of the PM1 T-cell line [1].
• One, PM1 inhibited the binding of 125I-IL-6 to the receptor and blocked the IL-6-dependent growth of a T lymphoma line, KT3 [2].
• Consistent with the lack of CD4 downregulation, persistent infection of PM1 by HIV-1BaL or HIV-1(573) failed to interfere with HIV-1IIIB superinfection, as revealed by the expression of a type-specific V3 loop epitope (M77) and by the induction of extensive syncytium formation [3].
• Growth of macrophage-tropic and primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates in a unique CD4+ T-cell clone (PM1): failure to downregulate CD4 and to interfere with cell-line-tropic HIV-1 [3].
• BLAST comparisons of nearly full-length 16S rDNA sequences showed 96% similarity between isolate PM1 and representatives of at least four different genera in the Leptothrix subgroup of the beta-Proteobacteria (Aquabacterium, Leptothrix, Rubrivivax and Ideonella) [4].

Psychiatry related information on TMEM11

• Of these, one (PM1) has a shorter latency period (ca. 10 ms) and higher sensitivity than the other (PM2) [5].

High impact information on TMEM11

• Their deduced amino acid sequences comprise four of the six known conserved GTP-binding motifs (PM1, -2, -3, G1), the remaining two (G2, G3) being strikingly different from those of the Ras family, and an unusually large C-terminal domain (100 amino acids) presumably unrelated to GTP binding [6].
• In contrast to all other members of the ARF family, ARP lacks the myristoylation site at position 2 and comprises an insertion of 8 amino acids in the region between PM1 and PM2. mRNA was found in most rat tissues examined (skeletal muscle, fat, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, adrenals, ovary, thymus, intestine, and lung) [7].
• Indirect immunofluorescence followed by flow cytometric analysis revealed specific binding of gB-Fc to the membrane of SupT1 cells but not to other CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cell lines, such as Jurkat or PM1, clearly indicating that gB-Fc did not bind to the CD4 molecule [8].
• Infection of PM1 with either HIV-1BaL or HIV-1(573) failed to induce downregulation of surface CD4 expression and syncytium formation [3].
• Both primary and M phi-tropic HIV-1 establish persistent infection in PM1, with sustained levels of virus replication for prolonged periods [3].

Biological context of TMEM11

• In controlled field plots amended with oxygen, artificially increasing the MTBE concentration was followed by an increase in the in situ native PM1 cell density [9].
• A cDNA library from basidiomycete PM1 was constructed, and laccase-encoding cDNAs were identified by screening with antiserum raised against the purified enzyme [10].
• The PM ratios (PM1/PM2) sensitivity and specificity in patients with CAD were 88%/92% and 60%/70%, for predicting perfusion abnormalities 90%/87% and 88%/88%, and an inverse correlation to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was found (r = -0.40/r = -0.37, P less than 0.01) [11].
• We measured the survival and movement of strain PM1 in groundwater samples using two methods for detection of DNA sequences specific to strain PM1: TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and internal transcribed spacer region analysis [12].
• This study evaluates substrate interactions during the aerobic biotransformation of MTBE and BTEX mixtures by a pure culture, PM1, capable of utilizing MTBE for growth [13].

Anatomical context of TMEM11

• The IL-6 identity of the released molecule was confirmed by goat anti-IL-6 antiserum. rIL-1-mediated hCG release from trophoblasts was completely abrogated to the basal level by pretreatment of the trophoblasts with PM1, an anti-IL-6-R monoclonal antibody [14].
• However, the enhancement of plasma cell responses by GM1 was specific and was not mediated by IL-6, since GM1 activity was blocked by anti-GM1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), but not by control IgM, anti-IL-6 Ab or the anti-IL-6 receptor mAb, PM1 [15].
• Further, addition of polyclonal anti-IL-6 or anti-IL-6R MoAb (PM1), which inhibited IL-6 binding, both inhibited IgG anti-ssDNA antibody as well as total IgG production by SLE B cells in a dose-dependent manner [16].
• We investigated the age-related changes of gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T, a GABA degradation enzyme) in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus of the gerbil at postnatal month 1 (PM 1), PM 3, PM 6, PM 12, and PM 24 [17].
• Post-thaw semen samples (homospermic) from each bull were assessed for: sperm morphology, acrosome integrity, sperm motility parameters assessed by computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA), flow cytometry analysis of DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI), and Plasma Membrane Integrity (PMI) [18].

Associations of TMEM11 with chemical compounds

• This gene encodes a 517-amino-acid protein 99% identical to a laccase produced by PM1, an unidentified basidiomycete previously isolated from wastewater from a paper factory in Spain. This similarity may be explained by the ecological distribution of the evergreen oak in Mediterranean forest [19].
• Isolate PM1 populations are dominant and novel methyl tert-butyl ether-degrading bacterial in compost biofilter enrichments [4].
• Naturally occurring bacteria similar to the methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)-degrading strain PM1 are present in MTBE-contaminated groundwater [9].
• PM1 was unable to degrade ethylbenzene and two of the xylene isomers at concentrations of 20 mg/L following culture growth on MTBE [13].
• When MTBE-grown cells of PM1 were exposed to MTBE/benzene and MTBE/toluene mixtures, MTBE degradation proceeded, while the degradation of benzene and toluene was delayed for several hours [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TMEM11

• Mutations EM3 and PM1, which abolish the binding of LF-A1 and LF-B1 respectively, drastically reduce transcription activity of the A1AT gene in vitro and in cell culture [20].
• Whereas all three DNA profiling approaches indicated that PM1-like bands predominated in mixtures from MTBE-grown enrichments, ITS profiling provided the most abundant and specific sequence data to confirm strain PM1's presence in the enrichment [4].
• We applied the TaqMan quantitative PCR method to detect and quantify strain PM1 in laboratory and field samples [21].
• Six months after treatment began, MTBE concentrations in monitoring wells down-gradient from the injection bed decreased substantially in the shallow zone of the groundwater in plots A and B, thus even in the absence of the inoculated strain PM1 [12].
• Pulmonary/myocardial (PM) ratios for the whole right lung (PM1) and for the upper left lung (PM2) were computed and compared with stress test, coronary angiography, radionuclide angiography (ERNA), and quantified Tl single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) results [11].

References