Disease relevance of LRSAM1

• Furthermore, IROA protected against the development of hypertrophy of the inner stripe of the outer medulla and thereby the increased the volume of thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL) epithelium found in CBL rats [1].
• BACKGROUND: In the present study, we had the rare opportunity to study immunological responses of TAL from ascites fluid in a patient with hormone-refractory prostate cancer [2].
• In four families (Families 1, 2, 5, 6) with the adult type of hypophosphatasia, inherited as autosomal dominant, the NAP score and TALP (<40 iu/l), were low, <20 and <40 iu/l respectively, in all affected subjects, though the PEA and PLP were not consistently abnormal [3].
• This suggests that original TA and its modification, TAL L512, are promising molecules against multiresistant bacterial infections [4].
• Hypophosphatasia is an hereditary disease characterized by low activity of total serum alkaline phosphatase (TALP) accompanied by a range of skeletal diseases [5].

High impact information on LRSAM1

• PCLN-1 is located in tight junctions of the TAL and is related to the claudin family of tight junction proteins [6].
• Renal magnesium ion (Mg2+) resorption occurs predominantly through a paracellular conductance in the thick ascending limb of Henle (TAL) [6].
• From these results we conclude: (a) both the luminal and the basolateral membrane of hamster TAL segments have Cl- conductances, and (b) Cl- transport in the TAL takes place, at least in part, via a transcellular route when a transepithelial Cl- gradient is present [7].
• These findings suggest that the decrease in NKCC2 in TAL seen in response to low-dose (40 mg/kg/day) gentamicin treatment may play an essential role for the increased urinary excretion of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+), and play a significant role for the development of the urinary concentrating defect, and increased urinary excretion of Na(+) and K(+) [8].
• In conclusion, the results indicate a direct intrarenal effect of octreotide on TAL function and morphology in cirrhotic rats [1].

Chemical compound and disease context of LRSAM1

• A comparison of serum osteocalcin with total (TALP) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine (OHP/Cr ratio) was performed in 13 patients with active Paget's disease of bone [9].

Biological context of LRSAM1

• At high-dose gentamicin, both proximal and TAL sodium transporter downregulation is likely to contribute to this [8].
• CONCLUSIONS: Although tumor antigen-specific TAL were detected in ascites fluid, these cells were producing immunosuppressive cytokines which may contribute to tumor escape from recognition and/or destruction by the immune system [2].
• Among the biochemical markers of bone formation, total alkaline phosphatase (TALP) is widely employed, but it lacks specificity [10].
• Several lines of evidence support the view that corticosteroids stimulate Na+, K+, HCO3-, and H+ transport by the TAL and that modulation of transport contributes to homeostasis of these ions [11].
• Both TALP (0.5 microM) and taxol (10 microM) gave hyperbolic kinetics and shortened the lag time for microtubule polymerization [12].

Anatomical context of LRSAM1

• In the adult rat kidney, COMT mRNA was detected in segment S3 of proximal tubule cells in the outer stripe of the outer medulla, and thick ascending limb of loop of Henle (TAL) in the inner stripe [13].
• The results suggest synthesis of COMT and inactivation of catechols along the distal parts of proximal tubules, in TAL cells, and in the epithelium of the ureter [13].
• A computer-aided semen analysis indicated that the spermatozoa of the Indian white-backed vulture are extremely active and swim in linear trajectories for up to 5 h following dilution in TALP [14].
• METHODS: We evaluated tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses, induced by either prostate specific antigen (PSA) pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) or PSA peptides, in TAL and peripheral blood lymphocytes [2].
• A posterior nucleus, Pp, projects to anterior areas TAL and TI, of the temporal lobe, as well as TPI [15].

Associations of LRSAM1 with chemical compounds

• TAL-associated NaCl transporters Na-K-2Cl cotransporter, Na-K-ATPase-alpha(1), Na/H exchanger type 3, and ROMK increased significantly at weaning and in response to DEXA [16].
• Bone turnover was assessed within 4 days by measurement of serum osteocalcin, total alkaline phosphatase (TALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and urine hydroxyproline [17].
• Embryos cultured in standard medium (TALP) under 5% and 10% CO2 served as low and high controls, respectively [18].
• Tyrode medium supplemented with albumin, lactate, and pyruvate (TALP) proved to be the best semen extender compared to two others (Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender and Lake diluent) [14].
• Furthermore, TALP with 20% egg yolk and supplemented with 8% dimethyl sulfoxide maintained 50% of the initial percentage of motile spermatozoa following cryopreservation and thawing [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LRSAM1

• To examine whether Cl- is transported via transcellular pathways in the thin ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL), conventional microelectrode technique was applied in isolated TAL segments of hamsters perfused in vitro [7].
• Tumour cell suspensions used for skin tests were characterized for reactivity with monoclonal antibody TAL 1B5 detecting the HLA-DR alpha chain [19].
• In the longitudinal evaluation of patients receiving multiple pamidronate infusions plus chemotherapy, TALP, E-BALP, and I-BALP, but not BGP and PICP, appeared to be useful to identify responders in bone [10].
• The Taser (Thomas A. Swift's Electric Rifle) is an electronic immobilization and defense weapon that has been commercially available since 1974 [20].
• Besides this, spermatozoa from treatment and control groups were incubated at 37 degrees C for 6 h in sperm TALP [21].

References