Disease relevance of Diabetes, Gestational

• Cesarean delivery in relation to birth weight and gestational glucose tolerance: pathophysiology or practice style? Toronto Trihospital Gestational Diabetes Investigators [1].
• Anti-GAD was detected in 82% of 28 women with IDDM, in 36% of 11 women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and in 5% of 112 women with gestational diabetes mellitus [2].
• Because gestational diabetes mellitus was a clinical feature associated with glucokinase mutations, we have screened a group of women with gestational diabetes who also had a first-degree relative with diabetes mellitus for the presence of mutations in this gene [3].
• Prohormone convertase 1 in obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and NIDDM: no evidence for a major susceptibility role [4].
• The variable clinical phenotype includes mild fasting hyperglycemia (i.e., a plasma glucose value of > 110 mg/dl, a value that is at least 2-3 SDs above normal), impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as overt NIDDM as defined using National Diabetes Data Group or World Health Organization criteria [3].

Psychiatry related information on Diabetes, Gestational

• No marker except repeated fasting glucose determinations has proven useful to ascertain prospectively which women with gestational diabetes mellitus will remain euglycemic by diet modification or will require insulin therapy [5].

High impact information on Diabetes, Gestational

• A comparison of glyburide and insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus [6].
• Blood glucose monitoring in gestational diabetes mellitus [7].
• The aim of this study was to test whether pregnancy would alter the risk of NIDDM among women with a high prevalence of pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, as indicated by a history of gestational diabetes mellitus [8].
• Fructosamine assay for gestational diabetes [9].
• Gestational diabetes coincides with elevated circulating progesterone levels [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Diabetes, Gestational

• Women with previous gestational diabetes were randomized to placebo (n = 133) or the insulin-sensitizing drug troglitazone (400 mg/day; n = 133) administered in double-blind fashion [11].
• Impaired glucose transport and insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in skeletal muscle from obese women with gestational diabetes [12].
• Screening for gestational diabetes. Optimum timing and criteria for retesting [13].
• Decreased insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 overexpression in skeletal muscle from obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): evidence for increased serine/threonine phosphorylation in pregnancy and GDM [14].
• Effect of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on glucose metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus [15].

Biological context of Diabetes, Gestational

• We tested 32 routine clinical parameters for their ability to discriminate between a high risk and a low risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) within 5-7 years after pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [16].
• Multiple defects in the adipocyte glucose transport system cause cellular insulin resistance in gestational diabetes. Heterogeneity in the number and a novel abnormality in subcellular localization of GLUT4 glucose transporters [17].
• A comparison is made between the results reported by O'Sullivan in patients diagnosed as having gestational diabetes, only 2% of whom still had abnormal oral glucose tolerance postpartum, and the results of our patients, all of whom had IGT after pregnancy [18].
• The frequency of HLA-DQB1 risk genotypes was slightly higher in Scandinavian women with gestational diabetes than in the Scandinavian controls (46.3% vs 38.8%, p=0.03) but no significant difference was found between the Arabian women with gestational diabetes and the Arabian controls (47% vs 51.6%, p=0.47) [19].
• Relationship between normal oral glucose tolerance test in women at risk for gestational diabetes and large for gestational age infants [20].

Anatomical context of Diabetes, Gestational

• The aim of our study was to investigate whether iNOS is expressed in placentas from patients with gestational diabetes [21].
• No significant differences in lymphocyte subpopulations between children of mothers with IDDM diabetes and gestational diabetes have been detected [22].
• By subdividing the group of neonates in offspring of mothers with IDDM (n = 15) or gestational diabetes (n = 7), differences compared to normal neonates were mainly observed in neonates of mothers with IDDM (T lymphocytes: p = 0.006; B lymphocytes: p = 0.008) [22].
• In 13 women with gestational diabetes mellitus with normal amniotic fluid insulin concentration, maternal postload blood glucose levels at 1 hour increased by 12 mg/dL (168 vs 180 mg/dL; 9.3 vs 10.0 mmol/L; P = .0006) during the course of 6 weeks [23].
• The effect of a low-dose triphasic oral contraceptive (ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) on glucose tolerance, plasma insulin response to a glucose challenge, and insulin receptor binding to monocytes and erythrocytes was investigated in seven women with previous gestational diabetes and seven nondiabetic control subjects [24].

Gene context of Diabetes, Gestational

• CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our results indicate that the human placenta produces and secretes adiponectin, and that adiponectin and its receptors are differentially regulated by cytokines and their expression altered in women with gestational diabetes mellitus [25].
• Association of the E23K polymorphism in the KCNJ11 gene with gestational diabetes mellitus [26].
• Our study also suggests that NEUROD1 is not a candidate gene in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [27].
• METHODS: Serum SHBG concentrations were measured in 34 women with gestational diabetes and in 32 matched controls [28].
• To study whether mutations in the hemochromatosis gene (HFE) could be a risk factor for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the prevalence of HFE mutations in patients with GDM was compared to that of healthy pregnant controls [29].
• The CC, CT and TT genotype frequencies of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant differed significantly between women with gestational diabetes mellitus and control women (46.3, 43.6 and 10.1% vs 58.5, 35.3 and 6.2%, p = 3.7 x 10(-6), corrected p value [Pc] for multiple testing Pc = 2.2 x 10(-5)) [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diabetes, Gestational

• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis demonstrated iNOS mRNA and protein expression in placental tissue only from patients with gestational diabetes [21].
• Glucose effectiveness was not significantly different between the women with gestational diabetes and the control group either during or after pregnancy [31].
• Pregnancy outcomes in women without gestational diabetes mellitus related to the maternal glucose level. Is there a continuum of risk [32]?
• Long-acting injectable progestin contraception and risk of type 2 diabetes in Latino women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus [33].
• METHODS: In a prospective cohort study of pregnant women, we studied the association of maternal plasma ascorbic acid concentrations, measured at an average of 13 weeks' gestation, with subsequent risk of gestational diabetes [34].

References