Disease relevance of Dental Sac

• The patterns of cytokeratin expression in the epithelium of 5 dental follicles, 7 dentigerous cysts, 5 odontogenic keratocysts, 3 nasopalatine cysts and an epidermoid cyst have been studies using a panel of monoclonal antibodies [1].
• Osteoclastogenesis needed for this bone resorption appears to occur as a result of a reduction in the expression of the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene in the dental follicle at a specific time [2].
• The central odontogenic fibroma and the hyperplastic dental follicle: study with Picrosirius red and polarizing microscopy [3].
• 1. Ampicillin concentrations in serum (n = 20), gingiva (n = 12), jawbone (n = 13), dental follicle (n = 12), radicular granuloma (n = 2) and radicular cyst (n = 2) were measured in specimens obtained during 0.5-2.5 hr after a single oral administration of lenampicillin (equivalent to 500 mg of ampicillin) [4].
• Hydroxylapatite should therefore be used with caution for implanting into areas containing unerupted teeth with a metabolically active dental follicle [5].

High impact information on Dental Sac

• Transfecting short interfering RNA specific for CSF-1 mRNA into dental follicle cells resulted in an up-regulation of OPG expression [6].
• In the rat first mandibular molar, a decrease in the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the dental follicle at day 3 enables the osteoclastogenesis needed for eruption to occur [6].
• Treatment of the cells with phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, enhanced expression of the 2 major VEGF isoforms in the cultured dental follicle cells, whereas adding a specific PKC inhibitor prevented this [7].
• Primary cells were obtained from mandibular bodies by enzymatic digestion and cultured in alphaMEM containing 15% FBS without any cytokine or growth factor or hormone in the culture (AFT culture, for alveolar bone, dental follicle, and tooth) [8].
• Cbfa1 is also expressed at high levels by the dental follicle cells [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dental Sac

• These data are interpreted to mean that the coronal part of the dental follicle may coordinate the alveolar bone resorption required for tooth eruption by attracting and directing to the crypt wall a population of mononuclear cells, which either become osteoclasts and/or direct osteoclastic activity during tooth eruption [10].

Biological context of Dental Sac

• Synthesis and secretion of MCP-1 by dental follicle cells--implications for tooth eruption [11].
• Tooth eruption molecules enhance MCP-1 gene expression in the dental follicle of the rat [12].
• CaBP was not detected in any cells of the enamel organ, dental papilla, or dental sac during early odontogenesis from the dental lamina stage through the advanced bell stage [13].
• Confocal laser scanning microscopic study [corrected] of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells in the dental follicle during early morphogenesis of mouse embryonic molar teeth [14].
• In conclusion, the 6-day-old dental follicle cells exhibit partial characteristics of a mineralized tissue-forming phenotype even though the expression of osteopontin, type I collagen and fibronectin was low at this stage [15].

Anatomical context of Dental Sac

• Eruption molecules, such as CSF-1, are maximally expressed at day 3 in the dental follicle to promote this maximal osteoclast formation, but by the time of the secondary burst of osteoclastogenesis their expression is dramatically reduced [7].
• Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) accelerates tooth eruption in rats and is localized in the dental follicle, a loose connective tissue sac that is necessary for eruption to occur [16].
• Thus, this study establishes a relationship among a molecule (CSF-1), cell (monocyte), and tissue (dental follicle) that appear to play a major role in tooth eruption [17].
• Npn-1 expression was first seen in the developing dental follicle, and later transcripts also appeared in the dental papilla mesenchyme [18].
• However, our results show that NTN is a potent neuritogenic factor and, therefore, may act as a target-field-derived neurotrophic factor for trigeminal nerves during innervation of the cutaneous and oral epithelia as well as dental follicle surrounding the developing tooth [19].

Associations of Dental Sac with chemical compounds

• Dental follicle cell long-term cultures supplemented with dexamethasone or with insulin resulted in mineralized nodules, whereas no mineralization or alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in the control culture without an osteogenic stimulus [20].
• TRAP-positive mononuclear cells were initially detected in the coronal portion of the dental follicle of the permanent tooth at Day 1 postnatally [21].
• Substance P-containing fibres were visible in the incisor dental follicle eighteen days post-conception and entered the pulp two days after birth [22].
• Ampicillin (ABPC) concentrations in human serum, gingiva, the mandibular bone, and dental follicle after a single oral administration of ampicillin (500 mg) were assayed by the agar diffusion (paper disc) method [23].
• 5. Mean cefaclor concentrations in gingiva, mandibular bone, and dental follicle at peak times exceeded MIC for 90% for clinically isolated strains of alpha-hemolytic Streptococci [24].

Gene context of Dental Sac

• The dental follicle also expressed Timp-2, and the corresponding protein was abundant within the extracellular matrix [25].
• Like in bone marrow-derived stem cells, DLX-3 gene expression was increased in dental follicle cells during osteogenic differentiation but similar to control cultures [20].
• In this study, we examined the in vivo gene expression of classic isoforms of PKC in the dental follicle of postnatal rats [26].
• Recent studies have shown that the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene is expressed in the dental follicle, but in the first mandibular molar of the rat, that expression is reduced at day 3, the time of maximal osteoclast numbers on the alveolar bone [27].
• These findings strongly suggest that cells of the dental follicle are the target of EGF at a specific stage of their development and therefore may have a very important role during eruption [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dental Sac

• These real-time PCR results display molecular mechanisms in dental follicle precursor cells during osteogenic differentiation that are different from those in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells [20].
• Tripeptide aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.4) was purified from bovine dental follicles by a series of chromatographies [29].
• In vivo expression of RANKL in the rat dental follicle as determined by laser capture microdissection [30].
• The inhibitory effect of alcohol on EGF in the mouse dental follicle was studied in the offspring of alcoholic mothers using immunocytochemistry [31].

References