Disease relevance of tartaric acid

• The effect of the time delay between vinorelbine tartrate and paclitaxel administration on toxicity and cures appeared to be contingent on the vinorelbine tartrate dose [1].
• Recently, two new antimicrotubule agents, vinorelbine tartrate (Navelbine) and paclitaxel (Taxol) have demonstrated clinical activity against ovarian, breast, and non-small-cell lung carcinomas [1].
• We used the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase promoter to target the bcl-XL and/or Simian Virus 40 large T antigen (Tag) genes to cells in the OCL lineage in transgenic mice as a means of immortalizing OCL precursors [2].
• Tolfenamic acid (a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis), ergotamine tartrate, acetylsalicylic acid, or placebo was administered during 160 migraine attacks in twenty women in a double-blind, cross-over study [3].
• A 50-year-old woman developed ischemic colitis temporally related to ingestion of a large dose of ergotamine tartrate [4].

Psychiatry related information on tartaric acid

• Berry taste and the organoleptic properties and aging potential of wines are intimately linked to levels of L-tartaric acid present in the fruit, and those added during vinification [5].
• CONCLUSION: Varenicline tartrate, 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg twice daily, is efficacious for smoking cessation [6].
• Therapeutic usefulness of ergotamine tartrate for narcolepsy [7].
• The effects of phenindamine tartrate on sleepiness and psychomotor performance [8].
• Phenserine (PS) was designed as a selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, with a tartrate form (PST) for oral administration in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) [9].

High impact information on tartaric acid

• This work shows that in three different lesional tissues, bone, skin, and lymph node, the MGCs expressed the characteristic osteoclast markers, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and vitronectin receptor, as well as the enzymes cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase-9 [10].
• Furthermore, DC-STAMP directly induced the expression of the osteoclast marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [11].
• Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts were also formed when M-BMM phi were further cultured for 3 d with mouse tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the presence of M-CSF [12].
• They also acquire a potential catalyst for .OH production (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) as they differentiate into macrophages [13].
• Treatment of cocultures of mouse hemopoietic cells and primary osteoblasts with recombinant human IL-17 induced the formation of multinucleated cells, which satisfied major criteria of osteoclasts, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, calcitonin receptors, and pit formation on dentine slices [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of tartaric acid

• Pretreatment of CDR rats with a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist (ketanserin tartrate, 2 mg/kg, i.v.) before episodic hypoxia prevented long-term facilitation and revealed a modest (-28 +/- 13%; p < 0.05) long-lasting depression of phrenic motor output [15].
• BACKGROUND: The selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, varenicline tartrate, represents a novel type of therapy for smoking cessation [6].
• Both the biochemical indices of bone resorption (urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio and plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) and bone formation (serum osteocalcin and bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase) were significantly increased in the patients compared with healthy controls [16].
• Measurement of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the brain isoenzyme of creatine kinase accurately diagnoses type II autosomal dominant osteopetrosis but does not identify gene carriers [17].
• Bone resorption could not completely account for this effect, because resorption markers (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 mRNA) are unchanged or reduced at 2 and/or 4 wk after diabetes induction [18].

Biological context of tartaric acid

• Chronic oral administration of ergotamine tartrate produced significant increases in standing blood pressure and marked clinical improvement, without appreciable recumbent hypertension [19].
• Hemodynamic studies on the effects of i.v. ergotamine tartrate (0.25-0.50 mg) revealed that the ergotamine-induced increase in blood pressure in the supine position was associated with an increase in total peripheral resistance (from 1616 +/- 165 to 2574 +/- 583 U) without a change in cardiac output [19].
• The surface IgG+, CD5-, CD11c+, CD22+, CD24-, CD25- phenotype and the weak tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in the cells were identical to those of HCL cells of the Japanese variant [20].
• Inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene expression by hemin and protoporphyrin IX. Identification of a hemin-responsive inhibitor of transcription [21].
• No morphologic features, of hairy cells were evident; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase cytochemistry was negative in all cases [22].

Anatomical context of tartaric acid

• The serum-free culture supernatant of this cell line stimulated growth of colonies from bone marrow cells that exhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAPase) activity [23].
• Co-cultures of 5TGM1 with primary bone marrow cells generated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts [24].
• Generation of CD1+RelB+ dendritic cells and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells from human monocytes [25].
• These alterations were associated with increased staining for recognized markers of differentiated osteoblasts and increased numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phsophatase postitive osteoclasts [26].
• Normal human peripheral monocytes expressed both tartrate-sensitive and -resistant AcP [27].

Associations of tartaric acid with other chemical compounds

• Elucidation of the reactions relating L-tartaric acid to vitamin C catabolism in the Vitaceae showed that they proceed via the oxidation of L-idonic acid, the proposed rate-limiting step in the pathway [5].
• Inhibition of a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (ACP) from Leishmania donovani and the tartrate-sensitive ACP from human seminal fluid (prostatic ACP) was examined using a series of 13 molybdate-containing heteropolyanions [28].
• In several experiments with the addition of glycolipids to D-PDMP-treated purified bone marrow cells, lactosylceramide (LacCer) strongly affected the differentiation into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase mononucleated cells, but not positive multinucleated cells [29].
• Previous crystallographic studies compiled on the tartrate-rat prostatic acid phosphatase binary complex (Lindqvist, Y., Schneider, G., and Vihko, P. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20744-20746) erroneously positioned D-tartrate into the active site [30].
• Osteoblastic tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase: its potential role in the molecular mechanism of osteogenic action of fluoride [31].

Gene context of tartaric acid

• Overlapping functions of lysosomal acid phosphatase (LAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Acp5) revealed by doubly deficient mice [32].
• Comparison of arthritic mice from the AdIL-17 collagen-induced arthritis group with full-blown collagen-arthritic mice having similar clinical scores for joint inflammation revealed lower RANKL/OPG ratio and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in the latter group [33].
• In murine bone marrow cultures, TGF-beta1 markedly inhibited the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated osteoclast-like cells in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, whose effect was significantly reversed by a neutralizing antibody against OPG/OCIF [34].
• MCP-1-induced human osteoclast-like cells are tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, NFATc1, and calcitonin receptor-positive but require receptor activator of NFkappaB ligand for bone resorption [35].
• 5) Up-regulation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinuclear cell formation by beta1 stimulation was completely abrogated by transfection of dominant negative truncations of FAK [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of tartaric acid

• Since vinorelbine tartrate and paclitaxel have shown a similar antitumor profile in clinical trials thus far, it is reasonable to expect that they may be used interchangeably in some combination therapies or perhaps with each other in the same treatment regimen [1].
• There are no totally specific markers for this cell, although tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining has been used extensively as a diagnostic test [37].
• CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the overlapping toxic effects of vinorelbine tartrate and paclitaxel might not be a deterrent to their use in combination drug therapy [1].
• Hairy cell identification by immunohistochemistry of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [38].
• Molecular dissection of the functional domains of a unique, tartrate-resistant, surface membrane acid phosphatase in the primitive human pathogen Leishmania donovani [39].

References