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MeSH Review

Africa South of the Sahara

 
 
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Disease relevance of Africa South of the Sahara

 

High impact information on Africa South of the Sahara

  • Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum are the major causes of human malaria, except in sub-Saharan Africa where people lack the Duffy blood group antigen, the erythrocyte receptor for P. vivax [6].
  • New phylogenies were recently proposed by White and Harris, who recognized 7 genera and 16 species of fossil and extant suids from sub-Saharan Africa. This scheme is regarded here as oversimplified and an alternative is suggested, in which 9 genera and 21 species are recognized [7].
  • Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa [8].
  • INTERPRETATION: This study identifies bathing in contaminated surface water as a major risk factor for cholera in sub-Saharan Africa, and suggests that improving the quality of drinking water alone will have only limited impact on the transmission of the disease in the Great Rift Valley Lake region [9].
  • The lactase-persistence phenotype is found at low frequencies in the majority of populations in sub-Saharan Africa that have been tested, but, in some populations, particularly pastoral groups, it is significantly more frequent [10].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Africa South of the Sahara

 

Biological context of Africa South of the Sahara

 

Associations of Africa South of the Sahara with chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Africa South of the Sahara

  • Cervical cancer is thus considered an important clinical problem in sub-Saharan AFRICA: Recent studies have suggested that epithelial tumors may be regulated by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme products [26].
  • In contrast, there is evidence that for some intracellular parasites MBL deficiency may be protective and this might explain the high frequency of MBL mutations in sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Increasingly, there is evidence that the association between MBL levels and disease is complex [27].
  • These data indicate that the birth incidence of FA in this population is higher than 1 in 40 000, which is much higher than previously supposed, and suggest that the FANCG deletion is an ancient founder mutation in Bantu-speaking populations of sub-Saharan Africa. Diagnostic screening is now possible by means of a simple DNA test [28].
  • The G6PD A- allele, which is common in sub-Saharan Africa, is associated with deficient enzyme activity and protection from severe malaria [29].
  • Four of the seven systems (F13A, ORM1, AHSG, C6) have not been studied previously in sub-Saharan Africa, and one system (C7) has never been examined in any population of African ancestry [30].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Africa South of the Sahara

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