Disease relevance of Ovum

• The Ova gene was expressed in Escherichia coli with high yield using the T7 phage promoter; the amount of the recombinant Ova (re-Ova) was 29.4% of cellular proteins [1].
• Tetanus toxoid was found to be the most stable in the presence of anhydride monomers, while Ova was most stable in the presence of sebacic acid, and lysozyme was stable when incubated with all of the monomers studied [2].
• Tc maintained bone formation indices almost at Ova level, and only decreased mineral apposition rate (MAR) in Tc1 group, and declined bone resorption perimeter [3].

High impact information on Ovum

• Nucleotide analyses of 3H-methyl methionine-labeled RNA in two-cell embryos and in unfertilized eggs show that fertilization activates the cap methylation of about 10(7) RNA molecules [4].
• Finally, the direct microinjection of constitutively active CaM KII into unfertilized eggs inactivates Cdc2 kinase and CSF, even in the absence of a Ca2+ transient [5].
• Thus, Rsk appears to be the mediator of MAPK-dependent CSF arrest in vertebrate unfertilized eggs [6].
• Xlim-1 mRNA is found at low abundance in the unfertilized egg, has a major expression phase at the gastrula stage, decreases, and rises again during the tadpole stage [7].
• Using these libraries, we now report the first stages at which the cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 beta, and interferon (IFN)-gamma are transcribed in the developing embryo and the presence of IL-7 transcripts in the unfertilized egg [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Ovum

• This study focuses on the effects of polymer degradation products on the primary, secondary, and tertiary structure of tetanus toxoid, ovalbumin (Ova), and lysozyme after incubation for 0 or 20 days in the presence of ester (lactic acid and glycolic acid) and anhydride (sebacic acid and 1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)hexane) monomers [2].

Biological context of Ovum

• There is evidence showing that the Mos protein is associated with tubulin in unfertilized eggs and transformed cells, raising the possibility that it is involved in the microtubular reorganization that occurs during M-phase [9].
• The plutonium (plu) gene product controls DNA replication early in Drosophila development. plu mutant females lay unfertilized eggs that have undergone extensive DNA synthesis [10].
• The receptivity of unfertilized eggs to sperm and sperm motility are not impaired by anandamide [11].
• Injection of Mos or active MAPK causes mitotic arrest in early embryos, suggesting that Mos also acts via MKK and MAPK to induce the arrest of unfertilized eggs in metaphase of meiosis II [12].
• Knowing that Laborc(D) is a dominant-negative mutation and encodes the formation of mutant cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain molecules, we show here that cytoplasmic dynein is involved in prevention of CS assembly in unfertilized eggs and establishing harmony between the chromosome and the CS cycles [13].

Anatomical context of Ovum

• This protein possesses a number of the distinctive features of nucleoplasmin isolated from oocytes or unfertilized eggs [14].
• The expression of genes encoding receptors for estrogen and thyroid hormones, as well as total c-erb-A related transcripts was determined in unfertilized eggs, all stages of embryonic and larval development and in adult tissues of Xenopus, by quantitative Northern and slot-blot hybridization [15].
• Presence of activin (erythroid differentiation factor) in unfertilized eggs and blastulae of Xenopus laevis [16].
• By using high-resolution, fluorescent, in situ hybridization in eggs, zygotes and embryos of Halocynthia roretzi, we showed that macho 1 and HrPEM are localized on a reticulated structure situated within 2 mum of the surface of the unfertilized egg, and within 8 mum of the surface the vegetal region and then posterior region of the zygote [17].
• We find that Merc/Raly RNA is present in the unfertilized egg and is also transcribed in preimplantation embryos [18].

Associations of Ovum with chemical compounds

• Electron microscopic localization on unfertilized eggs using peroxidase-labeled secondary antibody demonstrated the presence of the CSL protein within the luminal compartment of ER-like tubules [19].
• Additional experiments with the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate, demonstrate that activating protein synthesis alone in unfertilized eggs does not result in stimulation of p34cdc2 tyrosine kinase activity [20].
• Isolation and structures of glycoprotein-derived free sialooligosaccharides from the unfertilized eggs of Tribolodon hakonensis, a dace. Intracellular accumulation of a novel class of biantennary disialooligosaccharides [21].
• Structural studies of fertilization-associated carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins (hyosophorin) isolated from the fertilized and unfertilized eggs of flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Presence of a novel penta-antennary N-linked glycan chain in the tandem repeating glycopeptide unit of hyosophorin [22].
• Analysis of immunoblots prepared from fertilized and unfertilized eggs revealed that fertilization results in a major increase in the phosphotyrosine content of a 350-kDa egg protein [23].

Gene context of Ovum

• Hermaphrodites with mutations in the spe-27 gene are self-sterile, laying only unfertilized eggs; mutant males are fertile [24].
• We report that the IIIc transcriptional alternative of Fgfr2 is transcribed in the unfertilized egg and that during early zygotic transcription, messages encoded by both Fgfr2 alternatives (IIIc and IIIb) are present [25].
• We have previously reported a gene Tdpoz1 (previously called 2cpoz56) that is temporally expressed in unfertilized eggs and in early embryos of the mouse [26].
• During our analysis, we identified Obox1 and Obox2 transcripts as preferentially expressed in the mouse unfertilized egg libraries [27].
• Insulin-like growth factor mRNA is found in all life stages of fish, ranging from unfertilized egg to adult [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ovum

• We also show by gel filtration analyses that eIF4E is present in unfertilized eggs as an 80 kDa molecular mass complex containing 4E-BP and a new 4E-BP of 40 kDa [29].
• By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy all cortical granules of unfertilized eggs, as well as the fertilization envelope, contained both proteoliasin and ovoperoxidase [30].
• In the ascidians Halocynthia roretzi and H. aurantium the Ca channels in the differentiated embryo whose cleavage was arrested with cytochalasin B at the 1-cell stage and in the unfertilized egg were studied using the voltage-clamp technique [31].
• Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blots, and confocal microscopy, we found kaz in unfertilized eggs associated with the spindle apparatus and cytoskeletal sheets [32].
• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that hsp25 mRNA was detected in unfertilized eggs [33].

References