Disease relevance of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• Non-ulcer dyspepsia, also termed "nervous dyspepsia," is a heterogeneous syndrome: ulcerlike symptoms can occur with the irritable bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, and other disorders [1].
• The kappa agonist fedotozine relieves hypersensitivity to colonic distention in patients with irritable bowel syndrome [2].
• 5-hydroxytryptamine, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome: molecular connections [3].
• Failure to define what constitutes a patient responder is a problem in the interpretation of the probiotic clinical trial evaluating the use of Bifidobacterium in irritable bowel syndrome [4].
• Once patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, esophagitis, and other organic diseases are excluded, there remain patients with dyspepsia of unknown cause (termed "essential dyspepsia") and patients with dyspepsia plus symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux without esophagitis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• To determine the effect of a standard meal on colonic myoelectrical and motor activity in the irritable-bowel syndrome and to determine the effect of a single dose of an oral anticholinergic drug (clidinium bromide) on this response, we studied 10 patients [6].
• Eating disorders in childhood represent a familial-environmental influence on irritable bowel syndrome, whereas the association with rheumatoid arthritis and perhaps gluten intolerance probably reflects genetic mediation [7].
• The association between the use of passive coping strategies to deal with pain and reported levels of anxiety, depression, and parental reinforcement of illness behavior was examined in individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) [8].
• Aims: to determine whether otilonium bromide can influence sensory thresholds of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome [9].
• The normal serum retinol concentrations in patients with diarrhea due to irritable bowel syndrome, and in those with anorexia nervosa exclude the influence of diarrhea and body weight itself on vitamin A levels [10].

High impact information on Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• BACKGROUND & AIMS: Evidence suggests that postprandial platelet-depleted plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentrations may be abnormal in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) [11].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of this study was to compare the response of symptoms and cytokine ratios in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with ingestion of probiotic preparations containing a lactobacillus or bifidobacterium strain [12].
• Immune activation in irritable bowel syndrome: wrong title or wrong disease? Part 2 [13].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: The 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R) antagonist Alosetron (Alos) reduces the symptoms of female patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); yet, the mechanism(s) underlying this effect remains incompletely understood [14].
• Celiac sprue as a possible cause of symptoms in presumed irritable bowel syndrome [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• Tegaserod accelerates orocecal transit in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome [16].
• Altered 5-hydroxytryptamine signaling in patients with constipation- and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome [11].
• Irritable-bowel syndrome with lactose intolerance [17].
• Fructose malabsorption and the irritable bowel syndrome [18].
• Efficacy of oral disodium cromoglycate in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and positive skin prick tests to foods [19].

Biological context of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• We examined whether patients with irritable bowel syndrome have increased airway responsiveness by measuring forced expiratory volumes in 1 second (FEV1) after inhalation of increasing concentrations of methacholine [20].
• In 20 control subjects transit time was 93.0 +/- 6.6 minutes, while in 16 patients with diarrhoea due to the irritable bowel syndrome it was 54.1 +/- 6.3 minutes (P less than 0.001), suggesting an abnormality in small intestinal motility in these patients [21].
• Patients who met International Congress of Gastroenterology criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and had breath hydrogen lactose testing were interviewed to determine whether detection of lactose maldigestion (LM) had an impact on their symptoms [22].
• Colonic motility and gastric emptying in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Effect of pretreatment with octylonium bromide [23].
• Sex differences of brain serotonin synthesis in patients with irritable bowel syndrome using alpha-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan, positron emission tomography and statistical parametric mapping [24].

Anatomical context of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• 1. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is known to produce a number of different effects in the gastrointestinal tract of various species, and has been proposed to play a key role in a number of intestinal disorders in man, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), although the receptors involved have yet to be established [25].
• 1. Otilonium bromide (OB) is a smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome [26].
• Tegaserod was recently approved for the treatment of women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with constipation.Tegaserod exhibits rapid absorption from the small intestine, and is excreted unchanged in the faeces and as metabolites in the urine [27].
• BACKGROUND: Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome is associated with increased serotonin-containing enterochromaffin cells and lymphocytes in rectal biopsies [28].
• Since the flux of calcium ions across cell membranes plays a major role in the contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, we investigated the effect of nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, on the gastrocolonic response in nine patients with the irritable colon syndrome [29].

Gene context of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• CRF1 receptor signaling pathways are involved in stress-related alterations of colonic function and viscerosensitivity: implications for irritable bowel syndrome [30].
• Hypersecretion of CRF in the brain may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related exacerbation of irritable bowel syndrome [31].
• Abnormal levels of neuropeptide Y and peptide YY in the colon in irritable bowel syndrome [32].
• In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and pancreatitis are appealing targets for peripherally-acting NK-1 and -2 antagonists, respectively [33].
• Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms in irritable bowel syndrome [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• Lactose malabsorbers were included as a control group because they have medically explained bowel symptoms similar to those that define irritable bowel syndrome [35].
• The diagnostic value of 1-14C-lactose breath test was compared with the standard lactose tolerance test and lactase assay in jejunal biopsies in 16 control subjects, 14 patients with lactase deficiency (LD) proven by lactase assay and 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) [36].
• METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind crossover design, 14 diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients and 14 matched controls were studied under citalopram and placebo conditions, respectively [37].
• In summary, tegaserod exhibits a favourable safety and tolerability profile in irritable bowel syndrome patients based on data from clinical trials [38].
• Tegaserod is effective and well-tolerated for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation but data on retreatment are lacking [39].

References