Disease relevance of Streptococcus thermophilus

• DESIGN: In an open, prospective trial, 209 volunteers were randomly assigned to consume either a probiotic, fermented milk drink [65 mL with Lactobacillus GG (ATCC 53103), Bifidobacterium sp B420, Lactobacillus acidophilus 145, and Streptococcus thermophilus; n = 108] or standard yogurt (180 g; n = 101) daily for 3 wk [1].
• Widespread distribution of a group I intron and its three deletion derivatives in the lysin gene of Streptococcus thermophilus bacteriophages [2].
• Cloning and expression of the beta-D-galactosidase gene from Streptococcus thermophilus in Escherichia coli [3].
• Biofilms were grown on preconditioned voice prostheses with biosurfactants obtained from probiotic bacteria Lactococcus lactis 53 and Streptococcus thermophilus A in an artificial throat model [4].
• The deduced galE product was a protein of 329 aa residues (35.4 kDa) that shared a high degree of identity to known UDP-galactose 4-epimerase proteins from Gram-positive microorganisms (Streptomyces lividans and Streptococcus thermophilus) [5].

High impact information on Streptococcus thermophilus

• Bifidobacteria (which constitute the predominant intestinal flora of breastfed infants), as well as other lactic-acid-producing organisms such as Streptococcus thermophilus, are thought to have a protective effect against acute diarrhoeal disease [6].
• The quaternary structure of LacS, the lactose transporter of Streptococcus thermophilus, has been determined for the detergent-solubilized and the membrane-reconstituted state of the protein [7].
• Phosphorylation state of HPr determines the level of expression and the extent of phosphorylation of the lactose transport protein of Streptococcus thermophilus [8].
• The product of the gene showed 35.2% amino acid sequence identity with the aspartate racemase of Streptococcus thermophilus IAM10064, and was also homologous to glutamate racemases around the putative catalytic cysteine residues [9].
• Aspartate racemase from Streptococcus thermophilus contains no pyridoxal 5'-phosphate or other cofactors such as FAD, NAD+, and metal ions [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Streptococcus thermophilus

• Lactose transport system of Streptococcus thermophilus. The role of histidine residues [11].
• Streptococcus thermophilus Sfi6 produces an exopolysaccharide (EPS) composed of glucose, galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine in the molar ratio of 1:2:1 [12].
• The measurement of all endocyclic homonuclear coupling constants within monosaccharide units is presented for lactose, a model disaccharide, and for a natural-abundance 2 MDa bacterial polysaccharide excreted by Streptococcus thermophilus Sfi39 [13].
• The topical application of a sonicated Streptococcus thermophilus preparation, leading to increased stratum corneum ceramide levels, could thus result in the improvement of lipid barrier and a more effective resistance against xerosis [14].
• The efficiency of reconstitution of the lactose transport protein (LacS) of Streptococcus thermophilus is markedly higher with Triton X-100 than with other detergents commonly employed to mediate the membrane insertion [15].

Biological context of Streptococcus thermophilus

• Substrate recognition at the cytoplasmic and extracellular binding site of the lactose transport protein of Streptococcus thermophilus [16].
• The application of a base cream containing sonicated Streptococcus thermophilus in the forearm skin of 17 healthy volunteers for 7 d also led to a significant and relevant increase of skin ceramide amounts, which could be due to the sphingomyelin hydrolysis through bacterial neutral sphingomyelinase [14].
• A custom microarray was developed to study the temporal gene expression of the two groups of phages infecting the Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus [17].
• Two genes (cadC(St) and cadA(St) [subscript St represents Streptococcus thermophilus]), located on the chromosome of S. thermophilus 4134, were shown to constitute a cadmium/zinc resistance cassette [18].
• In Streptococcus thermophilus, lactose is taken up by LacS, a transporter that comprises a membrane translocator domain and a hydrophilic regulatory domain homologous to the IIA proteins and protein domains of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) [19].

Anatomical context of Streptococcus thermophilus

• The effects of Streptococcus thermophilus on ceramide levels either in vitro on cultured human keratinocytes or in vivo on stratum corneum, have been investigated [14].
• The lactose transport protein (LacS) from Streptococcus thermophilus bearing a single cysteine mutation, K373C, within the putative interhelix loop 10-11 has been overexpressed in native membranes [20].
• STUDY DESIGN: Neonates < or =1500 g birth weight were randomized to either receive a daily feeding supplementation with a probiotic mixture (Bifidobacteria infantis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacteria bifidus; Solgar, Israel) of 10(9) colony forming units (CFU)/day or to not receive feed supplements [21].
• The conditions for the efficient polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced spheroplast transformation of three strains of Streptococcus thermophilus have been established [22].
• Lactobacillus brevis (CD2) samples were more efficient in inducing apoptosis of Jurkat cells than were samples of Streptococcus thermophilus (S244) [23].

Gene context of Streptococcus thermophilus

• Proteome analysis of Streptococcus thermophilus grown in milk reveals pyruvate formate-lyase as the major upregulated protein [24].
• Comparison of low-molecular-weight heat stress proteins encoded on plasmids in different strains of Streptococcus thermophilus [25].
• Thus, the gene encoding the manganese-containing SOD (sodA) was cloned from Streptococcus thermophilus AO54 and expressed in four intestinal lactobacilli [26].
• An insertional deoD mutant of Streptococcus thermophilus strain SFi39 had a reduced growth rate at 20 degrees C and an enhanced survival capacity to heat shock compared to the wild type, indicating that the deoD product is involved in temperature shock adaptation [27].
• Alteration of cell morphology and viability in a recA mutant of Streptococcus thermophilus upon induction of heat shock and nutrient starvation [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Streptococcus thermophilus

• The Sth132I restriction endonuclease (R.Sth132I) was detected in Streptococcus thermophilus ST132 and purified to near homogeneity by heparin Sepharose CL-6B affinity chromatography [29].
• To develop a probiotic dietary adjunct, soymilk fermented with various combinations of lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium infantis) was subjected to freeze-drying and spray-drying [30].
• Twelve malnourished rats were randomized to recover during 15 days with either a hydrolyzed diet (control group, n=6) or the same diet enriched with probiotics (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus helveticus; probiotic group, n=6) [31].

References