Disease relevance of Psychotic Disorders

• Chronically ill paranoid or undifferentiated schizophrenics could not be distinguished from patients with major depressive disorder or schizoaffective disorder using any definition of REM latency [1].
• We did not detect 22q11 interstitial deletions associated with the DiGeorge syndrome among the 320 patients of our sample and we found no association between common PRODH polymorphisms and any of the psychotic disorders [2].
• This study examined the effectiveness of sibutramine, an approved weight loss agent, in overweight and obese subjects taking olanzapine for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [3].
• This study investigated the association between antipsychotic-induced weight gain and therapeutic response to haloperidol and three commonly used atypical neuroleptic medications in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder [4].
• Of three siblings in a family, one brother and one sister have both tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism and a psychotic disorder indistinguishable from schizophrenia [5].

Psychiatry related information on Psychotic Disorders

• The DISC1 gene lies within 2.5 megabases of our peak marker on chromosome 1q42 and has been previously implicated in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and, recently, schizoaffective disorder [6].
• To test whether schizoaffective disorder is a variant of affective disorder or schizophrenia, the observed number of ADSA and SASC pairs were compared against the expected numbers [7].
• An elevated risk was also associated with minor depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, psychotic disorder, single-episode major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder [8].
• Working memory deficits and levels of N-acetylaspartate in patients with schizophreniform disorder [9].
• Among the 22 patients with the highest values for both HVA and MHPG, the primary diagnoses were psychotic disorders, eating disorders, and major depression [10].

High impact information on Psychotic Disorders

• We performed a long-term comparison of a newer, atypical antipsychotic drug, risperidone, and an older, conventional neuroleptic drug, haloperidol, in terms of the rate of relapse in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder [11].
• METHODS: In a double-blind, prospective study at 40 sites, we randomly assigned adult outpatients in stable condition with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to receive treatment with flexible doses of either risperidone or haloperidol for a minimum of one year [11].
• Genomewide linkage scan in schizoaffective disorder: significant evidence for linkage at 1q42 close to DISC1, and suggestive evidence at 22q11 and 19p13 [6].
• This multicenter trial examined the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of aripiprazole in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [12].
• BACKGROUND: Although animal studies have raised the possibility that prolactin-elevating dopamine antagonists used to treat psychotic disorders may initiate and promote breast cancers, epidemiologic studies in humans have been limited and inconsistent [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of Psychotic Disorders

• Lithium in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders [14].
• METHODS: We measured serotonin 2 receptors and serotonin uptake sites in prefrontal and occipital cortex of schizophrenics, patients with chronic schizoaffective disorders, nonpsychotic suicides, and controls [15].
• All patients had been diagnosed as having schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, all were receiving stable doses of fluphenazine decanoate, and all had received benztropine mesylate in an attempt to rule out neuroleptic-induced akinesia [16].
• RESULTS: Allelic variation at the DRD4 locus does not predict clinical response to clozapine relative to either fluphenazine hydrochloride or placebo in subjects with treatment-refractory schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [17].
• These results fail to support several predictions of the "methylation hypothesis" concerning the pathophysiology and potential treatment of idiopathic psychotic disorders and leave the consistent clinical worsening effects of methionine in schizophrenia unexplained [18].

Biological context of Psychotic Disorders

• Association between catechol O-methyltransferase genotype and violence in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder [19].
• We previously reported a family (family 50) with cases of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder which gave maximum lod scores of 1.96 and 1.84 respectively with the markers D4S403 and a microsatellite near to DRD5 (DRD5-M) [20].
• This review summarizes the molecular biology of serotonin (5-HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors and indicates the potential relevance of this information for the treatment of mood and psychotic disorders [21].
• No clinically relevant alterations in quetiapine pharmacokinetics were observed after cimetidine coadministration in patients with psychotic disorders [22].
• Increased nicotine and cotinine levels in smokers with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder is not a metabolic effect [23].

Anatomical context of Psychotic Disorders

• The authors measured the middle ear muscle activity during REM sleep of normal subjects (N = 13) and patients with schizophrenia (N = 11), schizoaffective disorder (N = 8), or major depressive disorder (N = 10) [24].
• Even among patients with treatment-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, a specific subgroup of patients, characterized by bitemporal seizure foci, an absence of febrile convulsions, and a history of clustering of seizures, appears to be particularly prone to develop psychotic disorders [25].
• Red blood cell activities of three antioxidant enzymes--superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase--were therefore examined in 14 drug-naive, first episode patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder and 10 normal subjects [26].
• Cerebrospinal fluid levels of phenylacetic acid (CSF PAA) were obtained from normal controls and from drug-free psychiatric inpatients (schizophrenia, major depression, mania, and schizoaffective disorder) [27].
• This study investigated immune activation, as measured by production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) from stimulated lymphocytes, in schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder [28].

Gene context of Psychotic Disorders

• Based on the genetic and functional evidence that DISC1 may be associated with schizophrenia, we sequenced portions of DISC1 in 28 unrelated probands with schizophrenia and six unrelated probands with schizoaffective disorder, ascertained as part of a large sibpair study [29].
• The mutation was identified in three siblings with PEO, one of them additionally suffered from schizoaffective disorder [30].
• Our findings suggest that the expression of DRD3 mRNA is reduced in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, supporting the hypothesis of distorted homeostasis of dopamine receptor subtypes in psychotic disorder [31].
• Analysis of diagnostic subgroups within the "all affecteds group" showed an association of COMT in patients with psychotic disorders as well as in cases with affective illness although the associated variants differed [32].
• These results suggest a specific link between reelin-related neuronal pathology and dopamine involvement in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Psychotic Disorders

• Instruments included a diagnostic interview (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R: Psychotic Disorders), the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale [34].
• Thirty-six nonobese subjects with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, matched by body mass index and treated with either clozapine, olanzapine, or risperidone, were included in the analysis [35].
• To examine whether the gene responsible for causing Wolfram syndrome is involved in psychiatric disorders, we screened exon 8 of the Wolfram syndrome gene for mutations in 119 patients with schizophrenia, one patient with schizoaffective disorder, 12 patients with bipolar disorder and 15 patients with major depression, using sequence analysis [36].
• Efficacy of aripiprazole against hostility in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: data from 5 double-blind studies [37].
• Ziprasidone in the short-term treatment of patients with schizoaffective disorder: results from two double- blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter studies [38].

References