Disease relevance of Spirochaeta

• Fixation of 15-dinitrogen was demonstrated with termite gut Treponema ZAS-9 and free-living Spirochaeta aurantia [1].
• The archaebacterium, a thermoacidophil resembling extant Thermoplasma, generated hydrogen sulfide to protect the eubacterium, a heterotrophic swimmer comparable to Spirochaeta or Hollandina that oxidized sulfide to sulfur [2].
• Direct transfer of the phosphoryl moiety of mannitol 1-phosphate to [14C]mannitol catalyzed by the enzyme II complexes of the phosphoenolpyruvate: mannitol phosphotransferase systems in Spirochaeta aurantia and Salmonella typhimurium [3].
• Upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Spirochaeta aurantia, Borrelia hermsi, and five Leptospira biflexa serovars showed SOD activity associated with one electrophoretic band which was inhibited by H2O2, suggesting that they were iron-containing dismutases [4].
• Unlike some free-living spirochetes (e.g., Spirochaeta aurantia), B. burgdorferi did not exhibit any observable chemotaxis to common sugars or amino acids [5].

High impact information on Spirochaeta

• Spirochaeta aurantia has diacetyl chloramphenicol esterase activity [6].
• Glucose catabolism by Spirochaeta thermophila RI 19.B1 [7].
• Spirochaeta thermophila RI 19.B1 (DSM 6192) fermented glucose to lactate, acetate, CO2, and H2 with concomitant formation of cell material [7].
• Nucleotide sequence and analysis of a gene encoding anthranilate synthase component I in Spirochaeta aurantia [8].
• Cloning and sequence analysis of flaA, a gene encoding a Spirochaeta aurantia flagellar filament surface antigen [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Spirochaeta

• The effects of neurotoxic compounds on the chemotactic response of Spirochaeta aurantia were investigated [10].
• Uptake of D-xylose and D-glucose by Spirochaeta aurantia [11].
• The viscous agent used was polyvinylpyrrolidone, The MIV for either Spirochaeta halophila P1 or Spirochaeta aurantia J4T was approximately 1,000 centipoise (cp), and for Leptospira interrogans (biflexa) B16 the MIV was greater than 500 cp [12].
• The effects of valinomycin and nigericin on sugar chemotaxis in Spirochaeta aurantia were investigated by using a quantitative capillary assay, and the fluorescent cation, 3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiodicarbocyanine iodide was used as a probe to study effects of chemoattractants on membrane potential [13].
• Carotenoid pigments were purified from a previously undescribed, red, halophilic spirochete (spirochete RS1), and from Spirochaeta aurantia strain J1 [14].

Biological context of Spirochaeta

• Chemotaxis in Spirochaeta aurantia [15].
• Chemoattractants elicit methylation of specific polypeptides in Spirochaeta aurantia [16].
• Nonmotile (Mot-) strains of Spirochaeta aurantia and Spirochaeta halophila were isolated with a procedure involving mutagenesis of motile wild-type cells [17].
• Using restriction endonucleases DraI, AseI, and I-CeuI in conjunction with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we have shown that Spirochaeta aurantia M1 possesses a circular 3.98-Mb genome [18].

Anatomical context of Spirochaeta

• The periplasmic flagella of Spirochaeta aurantia were isolated and were found to be ultrastructurally and biochemically complex [19].
• 4-O-Methylmannose was detected in the cell wall polysaccharides of the genus Leptospira but not in cell walls prepared from the Spirochaeta, Borrelia, and Treponema [20].

Gene context of Spirochaeta

• Complementation of a trpE deletion in Escherichia coli by Spirochaeta aurantia DNA encoding anthranilate synthetase component I activity [21].
• Spirochaeta aurantia DNA that coded for an antigenic determinant of the flagellin associated with the filament surface of the periplasmic flagella was isolated [9].
• The full-length gene encoding a 554-amino-acid, active pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase from Spirochaeta thermophila was cloned and sequenced using a combination of degenerate and inverse PCR, and the enzyme expressed to a high level in Escherichia coli [22].
• The 'tubulin-like' S1 protein of Spirochaeta is a member of the hsp65 stress protein family [23].
• To continue testing, the SET proteins associated with eukaryotic motility (tektin, centrin and calmodulin) were sought in Spirochaeta halophila [24].

References