Disease relevance of hydrogen sulfide

• Hydrogen sulfide has also been shown to play a key role in modulation of visceral hyperalgesia [1].
• The toxicity of hydrogen sulfide is thought to be due primarily to reversible inactivation of the respiratory enzyme, cytochrome oxidase, with resultant inhibition of aerobic metabolism [2].
• A patient with severe hydrogen sulfide poisoning and consequent profound metabolic acidosis was treated successfully with nitrites and oxygen [2].
• The archaebacterium, a thermoacidophil resembling extant Thermoplasma, generated hydrogen sulfide to protect the eubacterium, a heterotrophic swimmer comparable to Spirochaeta or Hollandina that oxidized sulfide to sulfur [3].
• Evidence for the transfer of sulfane sulfur from IscS to ThiI during the in vitro biosynthesis of 4-thiouridine in Escherichia coli tRNA [4].

Psychiatry related information on hydrogen sulfide

• Brain hydrogen sulfide is severely decreased in Alzheimer's disease [5].
• The presence of bad breath is established with organoleptic and hydrogen sulfide-monitor (Halimeter) measurements [6].
• Mental retardation in Down syndrome: a hydrogen sulfide hpothesis [7].

High impact information on hydrogen sulfide

• Selenium, molecular weight 78.96, resembles sulfur in many of its chemical properties and occurs in inorganic forms as H2Se, H2Se2O3, H2SeO3, and H2SeO4 which are the analogues of hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, sulfite, and sulfate, respectively [8].
• Toxicology of hydrogen sulfide [9].
• Detoxification of hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol in the cecal mucosa [10].
• This effect may be related to hydrogen sulfide-mediated inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression and of the leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelium normally induced by cyclooxygenase inhibitors [11].
• The emerging roles of hydrogen sulfide in the gastrointestinal tract and liver [1].

Chemical compound and disease context of hydrogen sulfide

• We cloned, by complementation of an H2S- mutant, a cluster of Salmonella typhimurium genes, phsBCDEF, that appears to be essential for the anaerobic production of hydrogen sulfide from thiosulfate [12].
• Volatile sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan have been associated with adult periodontitis as well as with healing surgical wounds [13].
• Four proteins of Paracoccus pantotrophus are required for hydrogen sulfide-, sulfur-, thiosulfate- and sulfite-dependent horse heart cytochrome c reduction [14].
• In the few intact chemosymbioses tested in previous studies, hydrogen sulfide production was shown to occur when the animal-symbiont association was exposed to anoxia and elemental sulfur stored in the thioautotrophic symbionts was proposed to serve as an electron sink in the absence of oxygen and nitrate [15].
• Engineering hydrogen sulfide production and cadmium removal by expression of the thiosulfate reductase gene (phsABC) from Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in Escherichia coli [16].

Biological context of hydrogen sulfide

• The SoxAX active site contains a haem with unprecedented cysteine persulfide (cysteine sulfane) coordination [17].
• In recent years, interest has been directed towards other naturally occurring gases, notably hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), which is both a potent vasodilator and a mediator of long-term potentiation in the brain [18].
• Here we show, using methods optimized for detection of hydrogen sulfide down to 0.1 microM in seawater, that hydrogen sulfide was never detected around the plumes of large cold-seep vestimentiferans and rarely detectable only around the bases of mature aggregations [19].
• Thus, the proposed autotrophic theory, using carbon dioxide, ferrous sulfide, and hydrogen sulfide, lacks the robustness needed to be a geological process and is, therefore, unlikely to have played a role in the origin of metabolism or the origin of life [20].
• Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) was historically recognized as a toxic gas generated by natural resources [21].

Anatomical context of hydrogen sulfide

• Hydrogen sulfide more significantly inhibited fatty acid oxidation in the rectosigmoid than in the ascending colon (P < 0.02) [22].
• Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on balloon injury-induced neointima hyperplasia in rat carotid arteries [23].
• Direct stimulation of K(ATP) channels by exogenous and endogenous hydrogen sulfide in vascular smooth muscle cells [24].
• Hydrogen sulfide inhibits nitric oxide production and nuclear factor-kappaB via heme oxygenase-1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide [25].
• Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) isolated from human blood were exposed to various levels of hydrogen sulfide [26].

Associations of hydrogen sulfide with other chemical compounds

• Since dithiothreitol reactivated tyrosine aminotransferase, the sulfane probably inactivated the enzyme by oxidation of thiol groups [27].
• The inactivation of tyrosine aminotransferase involved three steps: initial oxidation of cysteine to form cystine; desulfuration of cystine catalyzed by cystathionase to form the persulfide, thiocysteine; and reaction of thiocysteine (or products of its decomposition) with proteins to form protein-bound sulfane [27].
• We have detected interstellar hydrogen sulfide (H2S) toward the cold, dark clouds L134N and TMC 1 [28].
• Determination of parts-per-billion levels of hydrogen sulfide in air by potentiometric titration with a sulfide ion-selective electrode as an indicator [29].
• In sulfur chemolithotrophic bacteria, the enzyme ATP sulfurylase functions to produce ATP and inorganic sulfate from APS and inorganic pyrophosphate, which is the final step in the biological oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulfate [30].

Gene context of hydrogen sulfide

• Role of substance P in hydrogen sulfide-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice [31].
• Chemical modification studies of bovine liver rhodanese have underscored important distinctions between free rhodanese and the catalytic intermediate in which the sulfane atom of the sulfur donor is bound covalently to the enzyme (sulfur-rhodanese) [32].
• MET17 and hydrogen sulfide formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [33].
• Hydrogen sulfide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in microglia [34].
• Endogenous hydrogen sulfide in patients with COPD [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of hydrogen sulfide

• A thin-layer amperometric sensor for hydrogen sulfide: the use of microelectrodes to achieve a membrane-independent response for Clark-type sensors [36].
• Role of hydrogen sulfide in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in the mouse [37].
• Role of hydrogen sulfide in the cardioprotection caused by ischemic preconditioning in the rat heart and cardiac myocytes [38].
• 1. The actions of hydrogen sulfide (HS-) on membrane and synaptic properties of dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic cells were studied in the in vitro brain stem slice preparation, using intracellular sharp microelectrode and whole-cell recording techniques [39].
• Absorption of hydrogen sulfide in aqueous suspensions of biologically produced sulfur particles was studied in a batch stirred cell reactor, and in a continuous set-up, consisting of a lab-scale gas absorber column and a bioreactor [40].

References