Disease relevance of Polychlorobiphenyl

• The polychlorobiphenyl-degrading bacterium Rhodococcus globerulus P6 contains three bphC genes encoding 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenases [1].
• Conversion of chlorobiphenyls into phenylhexadienoates and benzoates by the enzymes of the upper pathway for polychlorobiphenyl degradation encoded by the bph locus of Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400 [2].
• Acinetobacter sp. strain 4CB1 was isolated from a polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil sample by using 4-chlorobenzoate as a sole source of carbon and energy [3].
• Burkholderia sp. strain LB400 is one of the most potent aerobic polychlorobiphenyl (PCB)-degrading microorganisms that have been characterized [4].
• Plant compounds that induced Arthrobacter sp. strain B1B to cometabolize polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were identified by a screening assay based on the formation of a 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl ring fission product [5].

High impact information on Polychlorobiphenyl

• The aflatoxin M1 formation was strictly mediated by P-448 purified from the liver microsomes of polychlorobiphenyl- and 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats, while the aflatoxin Q1 formation, as well as the binding of DNA, were catalyzed by both P-450 and P448 [6].
• Its PCB-dioxygenating activity originates predominantly or exclusively from the biphenyl dioxygenase encoded by its bph gene cluster [4].
• We report the cloning, sequence, and expression of the bpdS and bpdT genes from Rhodococcus sp. strain M5, which are believed to encode the first two-component signal transduction system in the genus Rhodococcus, which potentially regulates biphenyl/polychlorobiphenyl metabolism in M5 [7].
• Degradation of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium [8].
• These plasmids were used to hyper-express the XylS regulator of the meta operon of the TOL plasmid of P. putida or the bphB and bphC genes of the polychlorobiphenyl-degrading pathway of Pseudomonas sp. LB400 in different strains of Pseudomonas instead of in Escherichia coli [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Polychlorobiphenyl

• Cloning and expression of genes involved in 4-chlorobiphenyl transformation by Pseudomonas testosteroni: homology to polychlorobiphenyl-degrading genes in other bacteria [10].
• PB and HCBP (a PB-type polychlorobiphenyl inducer) similarly potentiated toxicity of SC, and each diminished the degree to which cell killing by LC and SC was inhibited by SKF-525-A [11].
• Benzo[a]pyrene was progressively cytotoxic to human hepatoma (HepG2) cells over a 1- to 3-d period, and after induction of monooxygenase activity with a polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) mixture (Arochlor 1254), cytotoxicity was increased about threefold [12].

Biological context of Polychlorobiphenyl

• The hydroxylation, dechlorination, and glucuronidation of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4-DCB) by human hepatic microsomes [13].
• The disposition and biotransformation of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4-DCB), 2,2',3,3',6,6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (236-HCB), and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (245-HCB) were studied in isolated rat hepatocyte suspensions [14].
• The system design based on the photodegradation kinetics of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4,4'-DCB) in surfactant solution with the aid of solvents (acetone and/or squalane) has been studied [15].
• Weak negative correlations between body burden and body length existed for all compounds, although there were no significant differences between the sexes or, with the exception of PCB congener 118, among five indigenous species [16].
• Relation of Lake Ontario fish consumption, lifetime lactation, and parity to breast milk polychlorobiphenyl and pesticide concentrations [17].

Anatomical context of Polychlorobiphenyl

• Suppression of serum adrenal cortex hormones by chronic low-dose polychlorobiphenyl or polybromobiphenyl treatments [18].
• Induction of porphyrin synthesis in chick embryo liver cell culture by synthetic polychlorobiphenyl isomers [19].

Associations of Polychlorobiphenyl with other chemical compounds

• For this aim, 4-chloro- and 4-bromo biphenyl (4-CB and 4-BB), 4-OH, 4'-BB, 4-bromo diphenylether (4-BDE), 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4,4'-DCB), 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl (4,4'-DBB), and 3,4-dichlorobiphenyl (3,4-DCB) were incubated with freshly isolated rat hepatocytes [20].
• Furthermore, the photochemical reactivity of some common anthropogenic pollutants, such as chlorinated biphenyls (4-chlorobiphenyl, 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl, and 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl), 4-chlorophenol, and DDT, was evaluated [21].
• Pretreatment with the enzyme inducers phenobarbitone, 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), pregnenolone-16-alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) and 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4,4'-DCB) significantly potentiated the paracetamol-induced depletion of GSH [22].
• This result has been ascribed to an increase of Aroclor 1221 bioavailability in the cultures containing glass beads or Triton X-100, probably deriving from a greater interface area PCB-water, i.e. the surface area on which the polychlorobiphenyl degradation seems to take place [23].
• Edible filets of striped-bass samples (60) from the Hudson River estuary, the Atlantic shore of Long Island, and Long Island Sound were analyzed by high-resolution glass-capillary gas chromatography for 74 polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) compounds [24].

Gene context of Polychlorobiphenyl

• Edible portions of 12 marine organisms from several areas of the Adriatic Sea, Italy, were collected during Spring 1997 and analysed for 32 organochlorine pesticides residues and 27 polychlorobiphenyl congeners [25].
• Four hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyl derivatives, a group of chiral and isomeric catchecins, and chiral binaphthyl compounds were also separated with CDM-beta-CD [26].
• Polychlorobiphenyl (PCBs) levels and hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities were measured in fish from three locations of the River Rhône to study the consequences of a constant loading of PCBs from a PCB incineration plant [27].
• Three surfactants (Brij 35, Tween 80, and SDS) and three organic solvents (acetone, triethylamine, and squalane) were used to evaluate the desorption performances of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) out of three soils with different sorption characteristics [28].
• Pretreatment of rats by phenobarbital or polychlorobiphenyl induced markedly the nuclei-dependent binding of AFB1 to DNA as well as the drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as aminopyrine-N-demethylase and epoxide hydratase [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Polychlorobiphenyl

• Bacterial dehalogenation of chlorobenzoates and coculture biodegradation of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl [3].
• Evaluation of the polychlorobiphenyl Aroclor 1254 in an animal model of atherosclerosis [30].

References