Disease relevance of TALC

• In a landmark decision, the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts ruled that a feeding tube could be removed from a patient in a persistent vegetative state if this was consistent with his previously expressed wishes [1].
• The Supreme Court's first case involving HIV and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Bragdon v Abbott, addressed this trend by ruling that a woman with asymptomatic HIV infection is protected from discrimination in accessing dental services [2].
• Cosmetic talc and ovarian cancer [3].
• Although the role of silica as a cofactor cannot be ruled out, these data suggest that nonfibrous talc exposure is associated with excess lung cancer risk [4].
• On June 10, 2002, a unanimous US Supreme Court rejected the claim by Mario Echazabal that he had been denied his rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act when Chevron USA had refused to employ him because he had hepatitis C [5].

Psychiatry related information on TALC

• BACKGROUND: In 1994 the Dutch Supreme Court ruled that in exceptional instances, physician-assisted suicide might be justifiable for patients with unbearable mental suffering but no physical illness [6].
• We argue that there may be good reason to require a standard of admissibility that exceeds the standards of ordinary clinical decision making, but such requirements are not faithful to the mandate of the Supreme Court. Courts with especially demanding standards are misled if they believe that they are fairly representing medical practice [7].
• An analysis of the attitudes of the U.S. Supreme Court toward psychiatry, as expressed in the Court's major opinions on mental health law from 1975 to 1983, reveals significant discrepancies from case to case [8].
• In a major decision handed down last term (International Union [UAW] versus Johnson Controls, Inc.), the Supreme Court ruled that employment practices excluding fertile or pregnant women from the workplace because of alleged concerns for fetal health constitute illegal sex discrimination [9].
• Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health, the first "right to do die" case to be decided by the United States Supreme Court, constitutionalizes the principle of patient self-determination [10].

High impact information on TALC

• Law-medicine notes. Laetrile for the terminally ill: Supreme Court stops the nonsense [11].
• The US Supreme Court recently accepted on appeal 2 cases from the University of Michigan regarding the constitutionality of race-conscious decision making in higher education admissions [12].
• Lorillard Tobacco Co. v Reilly is the latest in a series of Supreme Court cases striking down public health regulation of advertising as a violation of the First Amendment [13].
• Since 1973, when the Supreme Court Roe v Wade decision legalized abortion, the US government has refused to fund embryo research, including IVF, because Congress feared this would encourage women to have abortions [14].
• The presence of tremolite fibers was probably due to environmental exposure to contaminated cosmetic talc [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of TALC

• The pneumothorax persisted, even after chest drainage and pleurodesis with talc powder and tetracycline [16].
• CONCLUSIONS: Talc powder is superior to doxycycline in achieving pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion, in both short- and long-term observations [17].

Biological context of TALC

• The Supreme Court decision in Webster v Reproductive Health Services permits states to regulate abortion in fashions that may be medically unsound and may significantly restrict access [18].
• In February 1984, the following "friend of the court" (amicus curiae) brief was submitted to the New Jersey Supreme Court by the American Geriatrics Society to assist in the Court's deliberation in the case known as In re Claire C [19].
• In the decade after the legalization of elective abortion by a Supreme Court decision in January 1973, suction curettage has been widely used and accepted as a safe outpatient procedure for first-trimester abortion [20].
• In two cases in 1998 and 1999, the U.S. Supreme Court clarified that schools may be held liable under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 for the sexual harassment of their students [21].
• There is no credible evidence of a cancer risk from inhalation of cosmetic talc by humans [22].

Anatomical context of TALC

• One exposure that has been consistently associated with increased ovarian cancer risk is cosmetic talc applied to the perineum [23].
• We have recently reported that sustained contraction of the canine basilar artery induced by the intrathecal injection of talc (crystallized hydrous magnesium silicate) mimicked delayed vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage [24].
• In one patient with advanced lymphosarcoma involving pleura and mediastinal nodes, the chylothorax was managed by open thoracotomy and talc powder [25].
• We investigated the dynamics of the acute-phase response (APR) and osteoblast trabecular surface in rats with subcutaneous inflammation provoked by magnesium silicate (talc) [26].
• In group A, rats were randomly subdivided into 3 subgroups as groups A1, A2 and A3, and different methods were used to induce peritoneal adhesions at the dead end of vermiform process in each group as follows: Group A1 with trauma, A2 with talc powder and A3 with ligation of blood vessel [27].

Associations of TALC with other chemical compounds

• To update her article in the June 1999 issue of Academic Medicine, the author addresses the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in the 2001 Bartlett case on medical students with learning differences [28].
• Following repeated clinical use, micropunctures were detected in 18% of Ansell 'Medi-Grip', 10% of 'Biogel D', 75% of Surgikos 'Microtouch' and 56% of LRC 'Supreme'. Microorganisms were isolated from the glove surfaces after 45% of the occasions on which the gloves were washed for 1 min in 'Hibiscrub' (ICI Dental) [29].
• The CIELAB parameters (L*, a* and b*) of disks of A2 and opaque A2 (OA2) shades of Charisma (Heraeus-Kulzer), Solare (GC) and Filtek Supreme (3M) were evaluated on backings of black, white and the material itself to calculate the translucency parameter (TP) and the colour differences (delta E*) between A2 and OA2 [30].
• The effect of the recent U.S. Supreme Court antitrust decision in Jefferson County Pharmaceutical Association v. Abbott Laboratories et al. on state and local health-care institutions is examined [31].
• The Supreme Court's decision in New York State Conference of Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans v. Travelers Insurance [32].

Gene context of TALC

• The Board of Directors of the AGS had decided to undertake this endeaver because the reasoning adopted by the Appellate Division in this case would, if affirmed by the Supreme Court, greatly diminish the capacity of physicians to serve their patients, especially their older patients [19].
• Since 1976, when the New Jersey Supreme Court decided the Karen Ann Quinlan case (In re Quinlan, 355 A.2d 647 (NJ), 1976 cert. denied, 429 US 922, 1976), it has been apparent that the concept of quality of life is fundamental to end-of-life decisionmaking [33].
• These include McDonald's Big Mac Hamburger, Pizza Hut's Personal Pan Pizza Supreme, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) three piece original recipe mixed dark and white meat luncheon package, and Häagen-Daz chocolate-chocolate chip ice cream [34].
• In 1986, the US Supreme Court, in Meritor Savings Bank v Vinson, established the criteria that must be met for a claim of hostile environment sexual harassment to be considered valid [35].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: The composites Admira, Grandio, Filtek Supreme and Filtek Z250 were polymerized with the LCUs Swiss Master Light, Optilux 501 and an LED LCU prototype in a mould on top of a pulp chamber model [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TALC

• The Supreme Court and physician-assisted suicide--rejecting assisted suicide but embracing euthanasia [37].
• However, the Supreme Court has furnished guidelines on the administration of palliative care [38].
• Increased access to induced abortion following the 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision appears to have been responsible for the decline [39].
• Although some physicians use the concept of futility to unilaterally withhold or withdraw life support, the Supreme Court has not heard a futility case, and the only clear legal rule on futile treatment is the traditional malpractice test, which measures physician actions against standards of medical care [38].
• February 2005 marks the centenary of one of the most important pieces of public health jurisprudence, the US Supreme Court case of Jacobson v Massachusetts, which upheld the authority of states to pass compulsory vaccination laws [40].

References