Disease relevance of Punctures

• This study used free-flow micropuncture to investigate bicarbonate reabsorption by surface nephron segments in a rat model of diuretic-induced alkalosis compared to control [1].
• Simultaneous renal clearance studies and free-flow micropuncture studies of the superficial proximal tubule were performed on plasma-repleted Sprague-Dawley rats treated with acetazolamide, 50 mg/kg body weight [2].
• To uncover the reasons for reported internephron heterogeneity in acute renal failure (ARF) serial micropuncture experiments in norepinephrine-induced ARF and sham-infused control rats were carried out to investigate this phenomenon [3].
• In this study, micropuncture experiments were performed to examine the segmental reabsorption of bicarbonate and chloride in the normal dog kidney (stage 1) and in the remnant kidney (stage 3) of dogs with experimental renal failure [4].
• Regardless of the presence of indomethacin, location of vessels used for micropuncture, or level of left atrial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure was the only measured vascular pressure that increased with hypoxia in adult lungs [5].

High impact information on Punctures

• First, micropuncture experiments in mice demonstrated increased reabsorption of Na+ and Ca2+ in the proximal tubule during chronic hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) treatment, whereas Ca2+ reabsorption in distal convolution appeared unaffected [6].
• The hypothesis that renal alpha 2 adrenoceptors influence nephron filtration rate (SNGFR) via interaction with angiotensin II (AII) was tested by renal micropuncture [7].
• Interaction between alpha 2-adrenergic and angiotensin II systems in the control of glomerular hemodynamics as assessed by renal micropuncture in the rat [7].
• Whole-kidney and micropuncture measurements of GFR, FLHCO3, and whole-kidney and proximal tubule HCO3 reabsorption (APRHCO3) were coupled with BBMV measurements of H+ gradient-driven 22Na+ uptake in each animal studied [8].
• To determine whether enhanced prostaglandins synthesis was responsible for the altered regulation of PG in Nx glomeruli, we repeated the micropuncture measurements in a setting of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Punctures

• A micropuncture study of proximal tubular function after acute hydrochlorothiazide administration to Brattleboro rats with diabetes insipidus [10].
• 5. In summary, the significant alterations in tubular Na handling in diabetes mellitus, previously demonstrated directly using micropuncture techniques, are not reflected in the renal handling of endogenous lithium [11].
• Ultra-micro-disc electrophoresis was employed to determine albumin concentration of rat proximal tubular fluid samples under control conditions and during the infusion of 0.15 mug/min X 100 g body weight angiotensin II using micropuncture techniques [12].
• Glomerular tubular balance of renal D-glucose transport during hyperglycemia: clearance and micropuncture studies on its characterisation at saturated transport conditions [13].
• METHODS: Micropuncture measurements of Pif in the submucosa, without opening of the trachea, was conducted on rats anaesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (50 mg kg-1) and cardiac arrest was induced with i.v. KCl [14].

Biological context of Punctures

• A role for hormonal substances and other biochemical messengers in the regulation of the glomerular filtration rate has been inferred from the results of micropuncture studies in the rat and from the demonstration of hormone-responsive adenylate cyclase activity in glomeruli isolated from the renal cortex of rats and rabbits [15].
• In micropuncture studies under anesthesia, no differences were seen in plasma volumes or whole kidney or glomerular hemodynamics in PRL-injected rats compared to those sham-injected controls regardless of sex [16].
• Renal tubular site and mechanism of clonidine-induced diuresis in rats: clearance and micropuncture studies [17].
• The handling of Ca by the submandibular gland of the ferret during stimulation of salivation with pilocarpine was studied using micropuncture and microanalytical, as well as standard, physiological techniques [18].
• Renal blood flow was assessed while the animals were conscious, after induction of anesthesia with inactin, pentobarbital, or ketamine, and after preparation for renal micropuncture [19].

Anatomical context of Punctures

• We investigated the possibility that ABP might exist in monkey and man using the cytosol of testicular and epididymal homogenates and aspirates obtained by direct micropuncture of the rete testis [20].
• Pressures in glomerular capillaries (PG) and bowman's space (Pt) were measured with a servo-nulling device, systemic (piA) and efferent arteriolar oncotic pressures (piE) were measured by microprotein methods, and nephron plasma flow (rpf) and sngfr were measured by micropuncture techniques in both control and post-AGBM Ab conditions in each rat [21].
• The ability of methotrexate (MTX) to pass from the blood into the interstitial space and seminiferous tubule of the rat was investigated using testicular micropuncture [22].
• Although the renal clearance of lithium is widely used as an index of sodium and water delivery to the end of the proximal tubule, micropuncture studies of superficial nephrons suggest that lithium may be reabsorbed additionally in the loop of Henle [23].
• Loop of Henle chloride reabsorption (measured by recollection micropuncture) and PRA were determined before and after acute infusion of CPMD (N = 8) or vehicle (N = 8) [24].

Associations of Punctures with chemical compounds

• Micropuncture during the nonhypertensive period revealed increases in afferent (65%) and efferent (82%) arteriolar resistances, thereby reducing nephron plasma flow rate [25].
• Cortical and papillary micropuncture examination of chloride transport in segments of the rat kidney during inhibition of prostaglandin production. Possible role for prostaglandins in the chloruresis of acute volume expansion [26].
• A micropuncture study of the early phase of acute urate nephropathy [27].
• To examine the predictions of this hypothesis, rats dialyzed against 0.15 M NaHCO3 to produce CDA and controls, CON, dialyzed against Ringer-HCO3 were infused with either 6% albumin (VE) or 80 mM non-sodium chloride salts (CC) added to 5% dextrose (DX) and studied by micropuncture [28].
• These segments may, therefore, contribute significantly to the high urea concentration found at the bend of Henle's loop by micropuncture [29].

Gene context of Punctures

• In vivo micropuncture revealed that early distal bicarbonate concentration was elevated in both bicarbonate-loaded and NHE3(-/-) mice [30].
• In vivo micropuncture experiments were performed under anesthesia in A1AR-deficient and wild-type littermate mice to study the effects of chronic absence of A1AR on fluid and Na(+) reabsorption along the nephron, as well as the functional consequences at the single-nephron level of the lack TGF [31].
• To examine these possibilities, micropuncture and clearance experiments were performed on nine anesthetized dogs evaluating renal and glomerular hemodynamics before and during the administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (SQ20,881) [32].
• During the micropuncture measurements, renal arterial pressure was reduced to range of 85 to 90 mm Hg in order to maximize renin secretion and intrarenal formation of angiotensin II [32].
• Micropuncture localization of kallikrein secretion in the rat nephron [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Punctures

• Micropuncture studies were performed in control rats (C, N = 8) and rats subjected to acute volume expansion (VE, N = 8) or reduced renal perfusion pressure (RRP, N = 7) [34].
• We investigated the effects of suppressing inflammation with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on glomerular hemodynamics, arteriolar structural changes, and renal histologic injury in rats with subtotal renal ablation METHODS: Micropuncture studies were performed 30 days after 5/6 nephrectomy in rats untreated and treated with MMF (30 mg/kg/day) [35].
• To investigate the effects of KD on renal tubular reabsorption of chloride, balance, clearance, micropuncture, and microinjection studies were performed on potassium-depleted rats [36].
• Iothalamate measured by capillary electrophoresis is a suitable alternative to radiolabeled inulin in renal micropuncture [37].
• Previous administration of CdA (1.0 mg/kg, 48 hr before micropuncture) increased the level of circulating Cd-metallothioneins, as measured by radioimmunoassay, but did not affect the luminal tubular uptake of Cd during CdA infusion [38].

References