Disease relevance of Pivampicillin

• Pivampicillin for endocarditis [1].
• A clinical comparative study of ofloxacin and pivampicillin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis [2].
• Altogether five (12.5%) of the forty pivampicillin-treated patients were clinical failures and three (7.5%) still harbored Chlamydia trachomatis after treatment [3].
• Helicobacter pylori: treatment with combinations of pivampicillin and tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate [4].
• Intracellular accumulation and activity of ampicillin used as free drug and as its phthalimidomethyl or pivaloyloxymethyl ester (pivampicillin) against Listeria monocytogenes in J774 macrophages [5].

Psychiatry related information on Pivampicillin

• The twice-daily administration of pivampicillin is recommended, since it is more practical and increases patient compliance [6].

High impact information on Pivampicillin

• In both portal and peripheral circulation of concentration of unhydrolyzed pivampicillin was always less than 1% of the levels of ampicillin, indicating the effectiveness of the intestinal mucosa in the hydrolysis of pivampicillin [7].
• In 7 patients with a catheter in the portal vein and a T tube in the common bile duct, the concentration of unhydrolyzed pivampicillin and of ampicillin was measured simultaneously in portal and peripheral blood and in bile after oral administration of 700 mg pivampicillin [7].
• Accumulation and oriented transport of ampicillin in Caco-2 cells from its pivaloyloxymethylester prodrug, pivampicillin [8].
• However, except for oxidative deamination, e.g. tyramine and hydrolysis of esters such as pivampicillin and aspirin, phase I reactions appear to be quantitatively unimportant [9].
• In a cross-over study, the oral absorption following equimolar doses of ampicillin corresponding to 16.7 mg/kg administrered as pivampicillin ('Pondocillin') suspension and ampicillin ('Doktacillin') suspension respectively, was investigated in 11 children aged from 8 months to 4.5 years [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pivampicillin

• A comparison of pivmecillinam/pivampicillin and co-trimoxazole in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis [11].
• A double-blind cross-over study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of amoxycillin and pivampicillin on Haemophilus influenzae infection of the lower respiratory tract in children [12].
• Co-trimoxazole cured 83% of the shigella carriers and pivmecillinam/pivampicillin 87% [13].
• OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally twice daily with pivampicillin 700 mg orally twice daily for 10 days in men with acute epididymitis and over 40 years of age [14].
• Eight patients in the pivmecillinam/pivampicillin group and 5 in the amoxycillin/clavulanate group had side-effects, principally thrush, vomiting and abdominal pain, and 1 patient from each group ceased treatment for this reason [15].

Biological context of Pivampicillin

• This finding contrasts with previous studies on the pharmacokinetics of another pivaloyloxymethylpenicillin ester, pivampicillin, in this condition [16].
• Kinetics and mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis of pivampicillin monolayers [17].
• Oral bioavailability and in vitro stability of pivampicillin, bacampicillin, talampicillin, and ampicillin in horses [18].
• Fifty-eight patients seen in general practice presenting with symptoms of acute urinary tract infection were entered consecutively into an open randomized trial of 200 mg pivmecillinam plus 250 mg pivampicillin twice daily or 250 mg amoxycillin plus 125 mg clavulanate 3-times daily for 5 days [15].
• Co-administration of the 700 mg pivampicillin dose with an antacid reduced the Cmax to 7.45 mg/l and the AUC to 17.92 mg/l x h [19].

Anatomical context of Pivampicillin

• 3 Half of the volunteers receiving pivampicillin capsules developed hyperaemia, interstitial bleeding or erosions of the gastric mucous membrane [20].
• Ampicillin and pivampicillin in the treatment of urinary tract infection in children [21].
• All patients had a history of regularly harbouring H. influenzae in sputum and repeated treatment failures with pivampicillin [12].
• We developed an in vitro system simulating the physiological condition in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract for prediction of oral absorption of relatively water-soluble drugs and ester prodrug pivampicillin [22].
• Low concentrations of ampicillin were found in colostrum/breast milk from 6 mothers treated with pivampicillin 1.05 to 2.1 g daily during the first to eighth day postpartum in the maternity ward [23].

Associations of Pivampicillin with other chemical compounds

• Gastric mucosal concentrations of erythromycin, amoxycillin, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin were determined in patients at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 38-480 min after a 500 mg dose of erythromycin ethyl succinate, erythromycin stearate, amoxycillin, pivampicillin or ciprofloxacin [24].
• No abnormalities could be found in those patients who did not respond to therapy except for earlier cholecystectomy in two patients, both in the pivampicillin/pivmecillinam group [25].
• In 91 patients with urinary tract infections treated with amoxycillin or pivampicillin, the incidence of side-effects was high with both preparations [26].
• Upper gastrointestinal side-effects were more common after treatment with pivampicillin and were reported in 9/38 patients compared to 3/34 patients treated with bacampicillin [27].
• Carnitine administration ameliorates the changes in energy metabolism caused by short-term pivampicillin medication [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pivampicillin

• Oral absorption of pivampicillin and ampicillin in young children: cross-over study using equimolar doses of a suspension [10].
• The clinical study showed no significant differences in clinical scoring, lung function tests or adverse events after treatment with pivampicillin plus pivmecillinam or pivampicillin alone [29].
• Gastroscopy showed that the pivampicillin tablets disintegrated more rapidly (10 minutes) than bacampicillin tablets (36 minutes) [30].
• In a double-blind study in 84 patients with chronic bronchitis and purulent exacerbations, ofloxacin 200 mg b.i.d. and pivampicillin 700 mg t.i.d., were compared with respect to efficacy and safety [31].
• Pivmecillinam plus pivampicillin versus co-trimoxazole in patients undergoing transurethral prostate resection [32].

References