Disease relevance of Puerarin

• Previous work has shown that puerarin (Pur), extracted from the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Wild) Ohwi, increases cerebral blood flow in dogs and attenuates cerebral and spinal cord injury resulting from ischemia and reperfusion in rats and rabbits [1].
• These results suggest that the neuroprotection of puerarin against cerebral ischemia is associated with anti-apoptosis [1].
• However, the effects of puerarin on chemical-induced liver fibrosis have not been reported [2].
• Induction of apoptosis by puerarin in colon cancer HT-29 cells [3].
• We investigated the effect of puerarin on the pivotal common pathogenic factors of metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity, Type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [4].

Psychiatry related information on Puerarin

• Overstreet; (2) Effects of daidzin on alcohol intake-search for mechanisms of action, by Wing-Ming Keung; (3) Long-term suppressive effects of puerarin on alcohol drinking in rats, by David Overstreet and David Y [5].
• Effects of purified puerarin on voluntary alcohol intake and alcohol withdrawal symptoms in P rats receiving free access to water and alcohol [6].
• These results demonstrate that the Carbopol((R)) 980NF/HPMC E4M can be a viable alternative to conventional puerarin eye drops to enhance ocular bioavailability and patient compliance [7].

High impact information on Puerarin

• In addition, preincubation with puerarin could restore the H(2)O(2)-induced decrease in basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islets [8].
• Puerarin, an isoflavonoid derived from the Chinese medicinal herb Radix puerariae, has been suggested to be useful in the management of various cardiovascular disorders [9].
• Puerarin enhanced vasorelaxation to endothelium-independent relaxing agents, sodium nitroprusside and cromakalim [9].
• Puerarin, an isoflavonoid derived from Radix puerariae, potentiates endothelium-independent relaxation via the cyclic AMP pathway in porcine coronary artery [9].
• Puerarin protects rat pancreatic islets from damage by hydrogen peroxide [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Puerarin

• HPLC method for the determination and pharmacokinetic studies on puerarin in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rat plasma after intravenous administration of puerariae radix isoflavone [10].
• In the present study, we investigated the effects of puerarin on liver fibrosis in Wistar rats induced by alcohol plus carbon tetrachloride administration [2].
• The interleukin-1-induced hyperthermia and increased 5-HT efflux in the hypothalamus were attenuated by treatment with systemic administration of puerarin [11].
• The results showed that intermittent infusion of CPS containing puerarin significantly decreased myocardial lactate production during ischemia, as well as myocardial oxygen consumption, CPK release and water content during reperfusion [12].
• In the present study, the protective effects of Puerarin (Pur) on cerebral injuries evoked by ischemia/reperfusion was supported by a decrease of extracellular amino acids, especially glutamate (Glu), which were monitored by microdialysis combined with HPLC throughout the experiments [13].

Biological context of Puerarin

• The Neuroprotection of puerarin against cerebral ischemia is associated with the prevention of apoptosis in rats [1].
• These results suggest that puerarin can protect islets against oxidative stress probably due to stimulating the activities of the antioxidant enzymes [8].
• After administration of SMEDDS and tablets to rabbits, a significant difference was observed in main pharmacokinetic parameters of t(max), C(max) and AUC(0--infinity) between SMEDDS and tablets, and a 2.2-fold increase in the relative bioavailability of puerarin was observed with the SMEDDS compared with Yufengningxin tablets [14].
• Acid-base equilibrium of puerarin in CTAB micelles [15].
• In this study, when cells were pretreated with puerarin prior to 0.4 mM MPP+, protective roles were accompanied by a reduction of cell viability loss, morphological changes of apoptosis and apoptotic rate [16].

Anatomical context of Puerarin

• In conclusion, our results suggest that puerarin may activate alpha (1)-adrenoceptors on the adrenal gland to enhance the secretion of beta-endorphin to result in a decrease of plasma glucose in STZ-diabetic rats [17].
• The potentiating action of puerarin (10 muM) on sodium nitroprusside-mediated relaxation was not affected by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 300 muM), or by the disruption of the endothelium with Triton X-100 [9].
• These findings indicate that puerarin protects the myocardium against ischemia and reperfusion injury via inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and activating the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel [18].
• To explore the protective mechanism of puerarin in MPP+-induced PC12 cells, mitochondrial function and caspase-3-like activity were measured [16].
• Puerarin decreases serum total cholesterol and enhances thoracic aorta endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats [19].

Associations of Puerarin with other chemical compounds

• Determination of puerarin, daidzein and rutin in Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection [20].
• However, puerarin had no effect on vasorelaxation induced by endothelium-dependent relaxing agents, bradykinin and calcium ionophore A23187 [9].
• A mini-hydroponic growing system was employed for seedlings of kudzu vine (Pueraria montana) and contents of isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, daidzin, genistin, and puerarin) from shoot and root parts of seedlings were analyzed quantitatively [21].
• It was concluded that the absorption of puerarin from Pueraria lobata isoflavone SMEDDS was enhanced [14].
• The antihyperglycemic action of puerarin, purified from the roots of Pueraria lobata, was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats) [22].

Gene context of Puerarin

• The mechanism may be that puerarin can induce VEGF and eNOS expression [23].
• The study showed, in the rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, 3-methoxy puerarin can not only increase the level of PGI2 in cerebral tissue and the activity of plasma t-PA, but also inhibit the activity of plasma PAI and the expression of ET-1 mRNA in cerebral tissue [24].
• An activation of alpha 1A -AR seems responsible for the action of puerarin in C 2 C 12 cells [25].
• Animals administered with puerarin suppressed the hypercholesterolemic diet induced impairment of eNOS expression, whereas there was no significant difference in the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation among various groups of animals [19].
• Taken together, the above results suggest that pretreatment of PC12 cells with puerarin could block MPP+-mediated apoptosis by mitochondria-dependent caspase cascade [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Puerarin

• In the present study, a rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay for determination of puerarin in rat cortex was developed [26].
• The blood puerarin concentration-time curve by i.p. and oral administration indicated that puerarin was four times more bioavailable via i.p. injection than via the oral route of administration [27].
• Determination of puerarin in rat cortex by high-performance liquid chromatography after intravenous administration of Puerariae flavonoids [26].
• Study on the bioavailability of puerarin from Pueraria lobata isoflavone self-microemulsifying drug-delivery systems and tablets in rabbits by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [14].
• Bolus intravenous injection of puerarin decreased the plasma glucose concentrations in a dose-dependent manner in STZ-diabetic rats [22].

References