Disease relevance of xenon

• In 37 patients regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured by single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) after inhalation of xenon-133 before and within the first 10 days after open heart surgery for acquired or congenital heart disease [1].
• The effect of intravenous infusion of 10 per cent glycerol on regional cerebral blood flow (using hydrogen bolus and Xenon-133 (133Xe) clearance methods) and metabolism was investigated in 57 patients with recent cerebral infarction [2].
• Myocardial blood flow (MBF) per unit mass was measured in 10 patients (pts) with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and no significant aortic insufficiency, normal ejection fractions, and normal coronary arteriograms, using xenon-133 and a multiple crystal scintillation camera [3].
• In 21 patients who suffered aphasia resulting from left hemisphere ischemic infarction, the xenon 133 inhalation cerebral blood flow technique was used to measure cerebral blood flow within 3 months and 5 to 12 months after stroke [4].
• Computerized tomography of the brain and cerebral blood flow measurements by the xenon-computerized tomography scan or intravenous xenon-133 methods were obtained in 33 patients with fulminant hepatic failure [5].

Psychiatry related information on xenon

• In 24 children with developmental learning disabilities and 15 age-matched controls regional cerebral activity was studied with xenon-133 single photon emission tomography [6].
• To investigate the relationship between anxiety and regional cerebral blood flow, we administered behavioral challenges to 10 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder while measuring regional cerebral blood flow with the xenon 133 inhalation technique [7].
• METHODS: We assessed cortical blood flow with the xenon 133 technique in depressed patients prior to a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), 30 minutes before and 50 minutes after a single treatment, and during the week following ECT [8].
• Raw scores for cerebral blood flow (CBF), determined by xenon 133 inhalation, and for Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) were measured in five groups of 12 subjects each: young normals, aged normals, and patients with cerebrovascular disease without dementia, dementia with cerebrovascular disease, and degenerative brain disease [9].
• Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured by the xenon 133 inhalation method in 20 patients with senile and presenile dementia, and values were compared with flow data obtained in a series of 44 age-matched normal controls [10].

High impact information on xenon

• The distribution of gray matter in the two cerebral hemispheres was determined by the xenon-133 inhalation method [11].
• Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by the non-invasive xenon-133 technique in patients with increased blood viscosity as a result of paraproteinaemia or leukaemia [12].
• Regional xenon 133 cerebral blood flow and cerebral technetium 99m HMPAO uptake in unmedicated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and matched normal control subjects. Determination by high-resolution single-photon emission computed tomography [13].
• We measured regional cerebral blood flow with the xenon 133 inhalation technique in 41 patients with major depressive disorder and 40 matched, normal controls during an eyes-closed, resting condition [14].
• We conducted two xenon Xe 133 inhalation regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies to clarify earlier findings of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) dysfunction in medication-free patients with chronic schizophrenia [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of xenon

• The pharmacological responses of vascular adrenergic receptors to intravenously administered epinephrine, phentolamine, and propranolol were assessed by measuring muscle blood flow (MBF) changes in the tibialis anterior muscle using the xenon 133 clearance technique and were compared in 8 normal subjects and 11 patients with myotonic dystrophy [16].
• The generalized and regional changes in blood flow after administration of acetazolamide were evaluated by the xenon-133 inhalation technique in a series of patients with subacute or chronic focal cerebral ischemia [17].

Biological context of xenon

• Cerebral blood flow was measured by the intravenous xenon-133 technique at rest and during cerebral vasodilation with acetazolamide in 32 patients before and after uncomplicated carotid endarterectomy [18].
• Their cerebral blood flow was measured with the intracarotid xenon-133 injection method and blood pressure was raised by noradrenaline infusion and lowered by controlled haemorrhage in separate groups of rats [19].
• The effects on renal blood flow (RBF) were assessed by the xenon-133 washout technique and both arterial and renal venous blood samples were taken for measurement of renin and catecholamine concentrations [20].
• Due to the solubility of xenon-133 in blood and tissues, errors are introduced in the determination of regional pulmonary ventilation [21].
• Performance evaluation of xenon-133 inhalation rebreathing systems for regional blood flow measurements [22].

Anatomical context of xenon

• Mean LV MBF per unit mass of tissue was measured with a multicrystal scintillation camera from the regional clearance rates of xenon-133 injected into the left main coronary artery [23].
• Comparison of microsphere and Xenon-133 clearance method in measuring skeletal muscle and cerebral blood flow [24].
• Blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (V(mca)) was recorded by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and regional cerebral blood flow in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (rCBF(mca)) was measured using SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) and xenon 133 inhalation [25].
• We measured regional cerebral blood flow using the xenon-133 inhalation method, at approximately 1 month after onset, in 60 stroke patients who had no evidence of major carotid artery stenosis or occlusion [26].
• The objective of this investigation was to correlate Xenon-133 inhalation rCBF measurements with the pattern of cortical arterial filling on intravenous DSA in 18 patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion [27].

Associations of xenon with other chemical compounds

• The patients were studied using transcranial Doppler sonography and xenon-133 dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography after acetazolamide stimulation [28].
• One group was studied with the noninvasive xenon-133 inhalation technique for measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the other with positron emission tomography (PET) using 18Flurodeoxyglucose (18FDG) for measuring cerebral metabolic rates (CMR) for glucose [29].
• We measured the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of 16 patients by the xenon-133 intracarotid method before and after the intramuscular injection of ergotamine tartrate [30].
• Nine healthy subjects participated in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements at baseline, after scopolamine (7.2 micrograms/kg i.v.), and after both physostigmine (22 micrograms/kg i.v.) and neostigmine (7 or 11 micrograms/kg i.v.). rCBF was quantified by the xenon 133 inhalation method [31].
• Use of cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with symptomatic major cerebral artery occlusion to predict 5-year outcome: comparison of xenon-133 and iodine-123-IMP single-photon emission computed tomography [32].

Gene context of xenon

• Xenon 133 inhalation CBF studies of one hundred patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease in the territory of the carotid artery were compared in an attempt to gain more insight into the collateral capacity, especially in those with a stenosis or occlusion of one of the major arteries [33].
• Interictal regional cerebral blood flow was determined in 11 adult patients with partial epilepsy and lateralized electroencephalographic abnormalities by means of the xenon 133 intracarotid injection method [34].
• Mean hemispheric xenon Xe 133 CBF values were reduced in patients with HD but seemed to be normal in at-risk individuals [35].
• Xenon-133 was used to study regional pulmonary function in nine patients with chest cage rigidity due to ankylosing spondylitis [36].
• Closing volume (single breath nitrogen test), regional ventilation and perfusion (using intravenous xenon-133), and total lung function (TLC, VC, and FEV) were measured before and after intramuscular administration of 250 mug 15-methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (15-me PGF2alpha) in 10 healthy women [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of xenon

• The use of xenon Xe 133 ventilation-perfusion lung scans for the early diagnosis of inhalation injury was evaluated in 67 patients with acute thermal burns [38].
• Perfusion distribution was corrected for lung volume by xenon-133 equilibrium ventilation scans [39].
• Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in 254 areas of a hemisphere with the xenon 133 intraarterial injection method [40].
• Pretreatment studies included detailed neurological examination, computed tomographic scan, electroencephalogram, neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric evaluation, and measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using the xenon 133 inhalation technique [41].
• Regional cerebral flow after inhalation of xenon 133 as well as polysomnography were recorded during daytime sleep and the awake state in patients with narcolepsy and sleep apnea [42].

References