Disease relevance of Health Maintenance Organizations

• Of 6485 patients who received 7704 computer-recorded prescriptions for metronidazole from a health maintenance organization, none were hospitalized for pancreatitis while taking the drug or within the following month [1].
• CONCLUSION: Variations in CSF preferences for use were related to differences in clinical characteristics (history of afebrile v febrile neutropenia), drug characteristics (G-CSF or GM-CSF), and physician practice characteristics (HMO or fee-for-service setting) [2].
• METHODS: We compared incidence rates of peptic ulcer and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 68 028 people younger than 65 years who used diclofenac sodium, naproxen, piroxicam, or sulindac, and who were members of a network of health maintenance organizations [3].
• SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We conducted a population-based study involving 454 patients enrolled in a health maintenance organization, aged 40 to 79 years, who had asthma or COPD and who experienced primary cardiac arrest during 1980 to 1994 [4].
• To assess medical attention focused on hypertension (HBP) in the elderly, this study examines trends in HBP prevalence, treatment, and control status in a defined population of persons > or = 65 years of age enrolled in a large HMO [5].

Psychiatry related information on Health Maintenance Organizations

• The percent of enrollees with mental health utilization was lower in BC than in the other two plans, but the total quantity of mental health care use per enrollee and per user was much higher in BC than in the HMO and the IPA [6].
• This study examines the co-occurrence of four health risk behaviors (i.e., smoking, high-fat diet, sedentariness, and high-risk drinking) and demographic and psychosocial variables associated with number of RBs in a sample of members of a health maintenance organization who participated in the Seasonal Variation in Cholesterol (Seasons) study [7].
• To evaluate the possible effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable contraception on depressive symptoms, we conducted a population-based prospective study with women aged 18-39 years old enrolled at a health maintenance organization [8].

High impact information on Health Maintenance Organizations

• METHODS: We analyzed a 5 percent random sample of the 1993 Medicare Part B claims data for beneficiaries over the age of 65 who were not enrolled in health maintenance organizations (HMOs) [9].
• Methylphenidate prevalence in 2- through 4-year-olds increased at each site: MWM, 3-fold; MAM, 1.7-fold; and HMO, 3.1-fold [10].
• A similar rank order was observed for the MAM program, while the HMO had nearly 3 times more clonidine than antidepressant use (1.9 vs 0.7) [10].
• SETTING: A primary care clinic for adult members of a large health maintenance organization in San Diego, Calif. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 9215 adults (4958 women and 4257 men with mean [SD] ages of 55.3 [15.7] and 58.1 [14.5] years, respectively) who responded to a survey questionnaire, which was mailed to all patients 1 week after a clinic visit [11].
• DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort and case-control analyses of immunization data tracked from March 1991 through March 1997 for 3 large health maintenance organizations (HMOs) participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vaccine Safety Datalink project [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Health Maintenance Organizations

• We evaluated the relation between postmenopausal estrogen use and the risk of first-time myocardial infarction using both cohort and nested case-control analyses for data derived from a large health maintenance organization [13].
• Eight infants (mean age 5.2 months) who had a positive breath hydrogen response (rise > 20 ppm) to the unabsorbable sugar lactulose were given an equivalent load of HMO (0.7 to 1.0 gm/kg body weight) the following week [14].
• Frequency of neonatal bilirubin testing and hyperbilirubinemia in a large health maintenance organization [15].
• Sumatriptan treatment for migraine in a health maintenance organization: economic, humanistic, and clinical outcomes [16].
• Incremental cost savings per patient before and after disease progression were observed with anastrozole compared with tamoxifen (9064 dollars for HMO, 9678 dollars for indemnity plan, 14,273 dollars for PPO, and 12,715 dollars for POS; all P < 0.01) [17].

Biological context of Health Maintenance Organizations

• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the APOE genotype in diagnosing AD in a community-based case series from the largest health maintenance organization in an urban area [18].
• At the Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, a large health maintenance organization, a review of computer pharmacy records from 1968 through 1971 identified 245 postmenopausal women; all had begun estrogen within 3 years of menopause and had used estrogen for at least 5 years [19].
• ChiroNet, an Oregon-based chiropractic specialty PPO network, has formed partnerships with a variety of managed care plans bringing managed chiropractic services to the PPO, EPO, and HMO environments [20].

Anatomical context of Health Maintenance Organizations

• Eperisone was biotransformed to HMO by rat intestinal microsomes, and this was inhibited by alpha-naphthoflavone and an anti-rat CYP1A antibody [21].
• In the liver microsomes the content of arachidonic acid (20:4 omega 6) was reduced in the groups given HAO + AO and HMO + AO [22].

Associations of Health Maintenance Organizations with chemical compounds

• Inpatient utilization and health care costs of employees and their families were studied for 11 employee groups covered by Blue Cross and Blue Shield in the Minneapolis-St Paul area during the year before optional health maintenance organization (HMO) enrollment [23].
• For the high income initially sick group, the HMO produced significant improvements in cholesterol levels and in general health ratings by comparison with free FFS care [24].
• SETTING: The Northwest Region of Kaiser Permanente, a prepaid group practice HMO in Portland, Oregon. PARTICIPANTS: Kaiser Permanente members 65 years of age and older who had at least 1 month of HMO eligibility during any of nine influenza seasons in the 1980s [25].
• A subpopulation (163,830 members) of a large health maintenance organization was followed for a mean of 9.8 years after a multiphasic health checkup at which serum uric acid level was measured [26].
• Lithium use and discontinuation in a health maintenance organization [27].

Gene context of Health Maintenance Organizations

• Population-based screening for hemochromatosis using phenotypic and DNA testing among employees of health maintenance organizations in Springfield, Missouri [28].
• METHODS: All health maintenance organization employees were invited to participate in hemochromatosis screening using a repeated elevation of the transferrin saturation test as the case definition (> or = 50% in women and > or = 60% in men with no other cause) [28].
• PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The case series included persons whose MRSA-positive infections were identified at a hospital laboratory from January 1, 1993, through February 28, 1994, and a health maintenance organization laboratory from July 1, 1993, through February 28, 1994 [29].
• This study examined the extent to which a group of female HMO enrollees were aware of the discovery of the BRCA1 gene and, without having received detailed information about the test, whether they would be interested in being tested to find out if they have the gene [30].
• Activity of one of the key CP activating enzymes, CYP2B1 (which is similar to human CYP2B6), was significantly enhanced in the liver and tumor by the HMO diet, which could result in the formation of more pharmacologically active CP metabolites and, therefore, increased CP antitumor response [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Health Maintenance Organizations

• DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis using 1993 health maintenance organization (HMO) Medicare claims and encounter files, the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) 5% Medicare Part B provider/supplier file, and the HCFA October 1992 100% Medicare population file [32].
• To assess the effect of tubal sterilization on the risk of hysterectomy, we studied 7414 women aged 20 to 49 years who had had a tubal sterilization at a health maintenance organization between January 1, 1968, and December 31, 1983 [33].
• As part of a prospective case-control study of newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in women, we identified all cases of probable, definite, or classic RA diagnosed in 1987-1989 in 18-64-year-old women who were members of a health maintenance organization based in the Seattle, Washington area [34].
• The HMO cardiologists chose thallium scintigraphy significantly less often than the other two types of cardiologists did [35].
• As part of an ongoing longitudinal study, baseline data were collected on 914 individuals aged 3 to 55 yr with physician-diagnosed asthma within a large HMO, Kaiser Permanente, NW Region [36].

References