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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Parasitemia

 
 
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Disease relevance of Parasitemia

 

High impact information on Parasitemia

  • Although treatment with clindamycin and quinine reduces the duration of parasitemia, infection may still persist and recrudesce and side effects are common [5].
  • IFN-gamma provides a growth stimulus for T. brucei brucei, and infected CD8- mice had much lower parasitemia and survived longer than CD8+ mice [6].
  • The 13 patients who completed their courses of quinidine with or without exchange transfusion had a parasitemia level of 1.1 percent or less 28 to 72 hours (mean, 44.4 hours) after the start of therapy [7].
  • When owl monkeys (Aotus lemurinus lemurinus) infected with chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum were treated with chloroquine plus desipramine, their parasitemias were rapidly suppressed [8].
  • Erythrocytes from infected mice with T. cruzi parasitemia were agglutinated by peanut lectin and the hemagglutination titer was correlated with the degree of parasitemia [9].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Parasitemia

  • Blood concentrations of mefloquine were lower during the second week of the alternate-week regimen than during the first week, suggesting that blood levels are too low during the second week to suppress parasitemia [10].
  • Thus, monkeys immunized with the antigen solubilized in a nonionic detergent developed much lower parasitemia than monkeys immunized with denatured antigen (antigen eluted from SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) [11].
  • In cohort 2, none of the 10 volunteers receiving azithromycin prophylaxis (100%) developed parasitemia [12].
  • In one patient, pentamidine was stopped after 7 days because of increased creatinine concentration, and this amount of drug appeared adequate to control the parasitemia [13].
  • T cruzi parasitemias detected on three occasions were successfully treated with benzonidazole [14].
 

Biological context of Parasitemia

 

Anatomical context of Parasitemia

  • However, P-selectin-deficient mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA had a cumulative incidence of cerebral malaria which was significantly reduced compared to wild-type animals (4.5% versus 80%, respectively), despite identical levels of parasitemia, platelet and leukocyte accumulation [20].
  • The persistence of lesions and the enlargement of draining lymph nodes despite a normal Th1 response and control of parasitemia indicate that there may be a dissociation of the inflammatory pathology and clearance of parasites in SOCS1(+/-) mice [21].
  • These data show that immune responses mediated by CD4+ T cells of the Th1 subset are capable of limiting infection beyond the initial acute phase, but that they do not eliminate parasitemia [22].
  • Although the infection with P. berghei XAT enhanced NK cell lytic activity of splenocytes, depletion of NK1.1(+) cells caused by the treatment of mice with anti-NK1.1 antibody affected neither parasitemia nor IFN-gamma production by their splenocytes [23].
  • Parenteral interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) activates murine macrophages to inhibit Trypanosoma cruzi multiplication and diminishes parasitemia and mortality in acute infection [24].
 

Gene context of Parasitemia

  • A peptide corresponding to residues 70-80 of the TNF-alpha polypeptide was synthesized and shown to enhance human PMN-mediated killing of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and reduced the Plasmodium chabaudi parasitemia in mice [25].
  • In contrast, parasitemia levels and survival in Stat6-deficient mice were not different from wild type [26].
  • Interestingly, the ability to control the first parasitemia peak was not compromised in acutely infected CD28(-/-) mice, but CD28(-/-) mice failed to eradicate the parasites that persisted in the blood for >3 mo after infection [27].
  • As expected, Stat4-/- mice deficient in type 1 cytokine responses were highly susceptible to infection, exhibiting increased parasitemia levels relative to wild-type mice and 100% mortality [26].
  • Consistent with the importance of ICAM-1 in host resistance, ICAM-1 knockout (KO) mice were highly susceptible to T. cruzi infection, as assessed by mortality rate, parasitemia, and heart tissue parasitism [28].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Parasitemia

References

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  20. Pathogenic role of P-selectin in experimental cerebral malaria: importance of the endothelial compartment. Combes, V., Rosenkranz, A.R., Redard, M., Pizzolato, G., Lepidi, H., Vestweber, D., Mayadas, T.N., Grau, G.E. Am. J. Pathol. (2004) [Pubmed]
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