Disease relevance of Cellular Structures

• Recent histological studies have shown that neuroblastomas can present with a schwannian cell component, rich in S100 protein [1].
• In addition, we show that vaccinia virus-specific CD8+ Th cell function is mediated through production of lymphokines, including IL-2, and that the CD8+ Th cell component in the CTL response is labile, decreasing progressively with increasing time after in vivo priming [2].
• In myxoid liposarcomas, p53 alterations are not relevant to the presence or absence of round cell components [3].
• Frequent alteration of p16(INK4a)/p14(ARF) and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14(ARF) expression both correlate with poor prognosis [4].
• However, keratin IFs were soon identified as major cellular structures to be affected in a variety of chronic liver diseases, such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH, NASH), copper toxicosis, and cholestasis [5].

High impact information on Cellular Structures

• The organization of the motor protein myosin into motile cellular structures requires precise temporal and spatial control [6].
• These results suggest a novel 'chaperone' function for ubiquitin, in which its covalent association with other proteins promotes the formation of specific cellular structures [7].
• We found that banded ftz RNA and protein patterns can form without cellular structure [8].
• Cytokinesis requires duplication of cellular structures followed by bipolarization of the predivisional cell [9].
• BAF is also a host cell component of retroviral pre-integration complexes [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cellular Structures

• Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell component of Gram-negative bacteria, is a pathogen of inflammatory bone loss [11].
• The transmembrane electrical potential in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides determined from the distribution of tetraphenylphosphonium after correction for its binding to cell components [12].
• In order to determine the influence of ethanol dehydration on cellular structure and visibility of the DAB precipitate, cells were kept in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and scanned under fluid after DAB development or dehydrated and subsequently scanned dry or submerged in PBS [13].
• Rickettsia typhi cultivated in the yolk sac of chicken embryos or in L cells irradiated 7 days previously was separated from host cell components by two cycles of Renografin density gradient centrifugation [14].

Biological context of Cellular Structures

• As is the case with CaM, the localization pattern of the 52-kD CBP in interphase cells is diffuse within the cytoplasm and is not associated with any discrete, cellular structures [15].
• It is concluded that the differentiation of granulosa cells on ECM in vitro is associated with changes in cell shape and cell contacts and that such changes in cell morphology are accompanied by simultaneous alterations in the organization and expression of cytoskeletal proteins that are involved in determining these cellular structures [16].
• The caspase family of cysteine proteases plays a conserved role in the coordinate demolition of cellular structures during programmed cell death from nematodes to man [17].
• At telophase, MPP10 was found in cellular structures that resembled nucleolus-derived bodies and prenucleolar bodies [18].
• This was demonstrated by a less impaired energy metabolism (ATP: 65 +/- 23%), normal pH (7.01 +/- 0.50), and still normal cellular structures shown by histologic staining [19].

Anatomical context of Cellular Structures

• It formed a stratified cellular structure with ultrastructural characteristics of a fully differentiated stratified squamous epithelium when cultured in equal parts of Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium and Ham's medium F12, supplemented only with insulin, transferrin, and selenium [20].
• Obscurin is a giant sarcomeric protein of approximately 800 kD that binds to titin and has been proposed to mediate interactions between myofibrils and other cellular structures [21].
• Indeed, we have found that RhoE in farnesylated in vivo and that this modification is required for association with the plasma membrane and with an unidentified cellular structure that may play a role in adhesion [22].
• The cellular structures were well preserved, including mitochondria and intercalated disks in diazoxide-treated hearts compared with nontreated Ca2+ PD hearts [23].
• The results directly demonstrate that the Yaa-mediated disease requires alphabeta+ T cells that are not, in themselves, abnormal in either composition or properties, but are engaged by a Yaa-encoded abnormality in a non-T cell component [24].

Associations of Cellular Structures with chemical compounds

• The activation of the enzyme in this in vitro preparation requires the addition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to the incubation medium and the presence of cell components other than the membrane-bound adenylate cyclase [25].
• Binding of F-S-1 to cellular structures is prevented by pyrophosphate and by competition with excess unlabeled S-1 [26].
• Experiments were performed by microinjecting living cells with iodoacetamidotetramethylrhodamine alpha-actinin and allowing the fluorescent analogue to incorporate into cellular structures [27].
• Living cells were microinjected with tetramethylrhodamine-labeled alpha-actinin, which became localized in cellular structures [28].
• Analysis of C(18) sphingoid bases derived from 16:0 indicated that, despite a 50% reduction in exported 16:0, the mutant cells maintained wild-type levels of sphingoid bases, presumably at the expense of other cell components [29].

Gene context of Cellular Structures

• We show that a key factor is the presence of another keratin, K15, which was hitherto unappreciated as a basal cell component [30].
• To understand the site and mechanism of dynamin action, the cellular structures devoted to ECM degradation were analyzed by correlative confocal light-electron microscopy [31].
• Immunoreactive urocortin was also detected in luteinized granulosa and thecal cells of functioning corpora lutea, in which both cell components are capable of producing steroids [32].
• BACKGROUND: Platelets are potential contributors to glomerular injury via the release of chemotactic and/or mitogenic mediators upon activation or through direct CD154/CD40-dependent interaction with cell components of the glomerulus [33].
• The spindle cell component tissue showed coexpression of CD34, c-kit (CD117) and bcl-2 [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cellular Structures

• Northern blots of mRNA from germinal cell populations derived from synchronized tests showed that the message was regulated in the nongerminal cell components of the tubule, most likely the Sertoli cell [35].
• Indirect immunofluorescence studies in human and rat retinas reveal centrin localization in two distinct cellular structures: at centrosomes of nonciliated neuronal cells as well as in basal bodies, and in larger amounts in the highly modified cilium--the connecting cilium--of photoreceptor cells [36].
• The affinity chromatography permitted a high degree of purification of the type-specific glycoprotein with respect to both host cell components and other viral glycoproteins [37].
• Using a cell component bioassay, it was shown that R2C cells constitutively synthesize an extramitochondrial cycloheximide-sensitive factor that is functionally identical to the factor produced in response to hCG in MA-10 cells [38].
• Electron microscopy and immunostaining for keratin showed that the spindle cell component was of epithelial nature [39].

References