Disease relevance of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• Alanylation of teichoic acids protects Staphylococcus aureus against Toll-like receptor 2-dependent host defense in a mouse tissue cage infection model [1].
• Streptococcus pneumoniae response to repeated moxifloxacin or levofloxacin exposure in a rabbit tissue cage model [2].
• When a single dose of 30 mg of fleroxacin or vancomycin per kg of body weight was administered intraperitoneally, bactericidal levels of the antimicrobial agent were found in the tissue cage fluid after 3 h (when guinea pigs were inoculated with S. aureus) and during the next 24 h [3].
• Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of danofloxacin against Mannheimia haemolytica in a tissue-cage model in calves [4].
• Following i.v. antibiotic treatment of rabbits (10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg dirithromycin and 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg erythromycin) and bacterial infection of the implanted tissue cages in the same rabbit, the tissue cage fluid (TCF) was sampled 6 h after infection and regrowth was monitored by sampling from new tissue cages in untreated rabbits [5].

High impact information on Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) purified from tissue cage fluid had poor bactericidal activity against a catalase-positive microorganism [6].
• To define the immunopathogenic mechanisms that lead to the development of extravascular lesions such as arthritis, we implanted a tissue cage subcutaneously in arthritic MRL/l mice and compared components of the tissue cage fluid, which resembles the extravascular fluid, with those of sera [7].
• Quantitation of retroviral gp70 antigen, autoantibodies, and immune complexes in extravascular space in arthritic MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Use of a subcutaneously implanted tissue cage model [7].
• The pharmacokinetic properties of danofloxacin in serum, inflamed tissue cage fluid (exudate), and noninflamed tissue cage fluid (transudate) were established by using a tissue cage model [8].
• The q.d. and b.i.d. regimens of levofloxacin had equivalent activities and were significantly (P < 0.05) more active than alatrofloxacin or vancomycin in decreasing the viable counts of MRSA in tissue cage fluids [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• We studied the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in a rabbit tissue-cage Staphylococcus aureus abscess model [10].
• The therapeutic activity of daptomycin was compared with that of vancomycin in a rat model of subcutaneously implanted tissue cages chronically infected with strain Rev1, a spontaneous methicillin-susceptible revertant of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain MRGR3, showing equivalent virulence to its parent [11].
• Distribution of oxytetracycline to tissue cages and granuloma pouches in calves and effect of acute inflammation on distribution to tissue cages [12].

Biological context of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• The role of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin pharmacokinetics (PK) in antimicrobial efficacy and in the selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains was investigated using the rabbit tissue cage abscess model [2].
• Both methods indicated that 40-50% of progenitor cells assayed with diffusion chamber culture (DCPC) were in S phase 3 days after cyclophosphamide treatment [13].
• The following investigations were made: mathematical analysis of blood levels obtained after i.v bolous injection of cefazolin, alone or combined with phenylbutazone (10 mg/kg), injection 4 hr before; protein binding by ultracentrifugation in vitro; and renal excretion and distribution in extravascular fluid obtained from s.c. tissue cages in vivo [14].
• A tissue cage model for the study of prostaglandin kinetics in cattle [15].

Anatomical context of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• Locally injected autologous bacterial components derived from the cell wall of S. aureus, in particular peptidoglycan, were very active in raising TNF levels in tissue cage fluid and in preventing the development of infection by the 100% infective dose of the test strain [16].
• In vivo diffusion chamber culture growth of CD1 marrow depleted of pluripotent stem cells (CFU-S) by exposure to mouse-brain antisera plus complement was equivalent to or greater than that of normal serum treated control marrow [17].
• Orally administered fenleuton (four 5 mg kg(-1) doses, given once daily) was absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and penetrated readily into tissue cage exudate, the ratio of the plasma:exudate AUC0-48h being 0.90+/-0.02 (n=6) [18].
• This study was to test, whether a permanent CSF-drainage from any point of the subarachnoid space was possible with modified "tissue cages" (Guyton 1963) [19].
• Contrary to CFUs originating from foetal liver or adult bone marrow, yolk-sac CFUs do not increase numerically in diffusion chamber culture [20].

Associations of Diffusion Chambers, Culture with chemical compounds

• In contrast to their initially different actions, the effects of the antibiotics were similar after 7 days, mostly because bacterial regrowth occurred more frequently in the fleroxacin-treated than in the vancomycin-treated tissue cages [3].
• The different activities of ciprofloxacin compared with those of the other two quinolones against chronic tissue cage infections caused by MRSA did not involve the selective emergence of quinolone-resistant mutants [21].
• Active levels of sparfloxacin, temfloxacin, or ciprofloxacin were continuously present in tissue cage fluid during therapy, exceeding their MBCs for MRSA by 6- to 20-fold [21].
• The penetration of norfloxacin into both infected and uninfected tissue cage fluid was significantly higher on treatment days 3 and 7 than on treatment day 1 [22].
• Higher concentrations of cefmetazole than cefazolin were found in infected tissue cages at day 3 (5.9 +/- 0.7 versus 2.2 +/- 0.3 micrograms/ml; P < 0.01), day 5 (9.1 +/- 2.6 versus 3.6 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml; P = 0.02), and day 8 (9.4 +/- 1.4 versus 4.8 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml; P = 0.01) after infection [23].

Gene context of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• When compared with those of sera, tissue cage fluids from arthritic MRL/l mice had similar levels of RF and one-third the amount of C1q immune complexes [7].
• Furthermore, injection of murine recombinant TNF into tissue cages could substitute for the bacterial components in preventing experimental infection by S. aureus [16].
• To evaluate how CMDBS could interfere with S. epidermidis attachment to coverslips coated in vivo with extracellular matrix components, we also tested PMMA surfaces retrieved from tissue cages subcutaneously implanted in guinea pigs [24].
• The osteogenic diffusion chamber culture of rodent marrow cells is a well established system [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diffusion Chambers, Culture

• Rifampin, alone and in combination with fleroxacin or vancomycin, was the most effective regimen in reducing the bacterial counts in the tissue cage fluids [(1.87 +/- 1.44, 2.18 +/- 1.02, and 2.55 +/- 1.09 log10) CFU/ml, P less than 0.001, respectively] [26].
• Each enantiomer was administered separately (1.5 mg/kg) and in a racemic mixture (3 mg/kg) intravenously (i.v.) to a group of eight sheep in a four-way, four-period cross-over study using a tissue cage model of inflammation [27].

References