Disease relevance of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• The stem cell line, OTT6050AF1 BrdU, which is completely nonpermissive to productive infection by Moloney murine leukemia virus and consists of 97% pluripotent stem cells, contains DNA copies of an RNA tumor virus which is indistinguishable from the N-tropic murine leukemia virus of AKR mice [1].
• Based solely on animal studies, TPO may be effective in reducing surgical thrombocytopenia and bleeding, ex vivo expansion of pluripotent stem cells, and as a radioprotectant [2].
• Other gA+ leukemias (megakaryoblastic and CML blast crises) may arise from bi- or pluripotent stem cells and contain distinct and separable blast cell populations [3].
• Taken together, our results suggest that pluripotent stem cells are not killed by HIV-1; rather, a later stage important in both myeloid and erythroid differentiation is affected [4].
• Evidence for pluripotent stem cell origin of idiopathic myelofibrosis: clonal analysis of a case characterized by a N-ras gene mutation [5].

High impact information on Pluripotent Stem Cells

• Formation of pluripotent stem cells in the mammalian embryo depends on the POU transcription factor Oct4 [6].
• The highest levels of P-gp among the progenitors are associated with cells displaying characteristics of pluripotent stem cells [7].
• Lithium enhancement of granulopoiesis may be explained by primary stimulation of the pluripotent stem cell [8].
• Thus, IL-7 may prove valuable for mobilizing pluripotent stem cells with long-term repopulating activity from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood for the purpose of gene modification and/or autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation [9].
• Moreover, human ADA expression persisted in secondary and tertiary transplanted recipients showing that human ADA-expressing cells were derived from pluripotent stem cells [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• Lindane exposure for 10 consecutive days at doses of 0, 10, or 20 mg/kg did not cause clinical abnormality or changes in body weights, but there were dose-dependent decreases in marrow cellularity, in more pluripotent stem cells and in committed CFU-GMs, which returned to control values by 4 weeks [11].

Biological context of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• We have used a model in which chromosomal translocations are generated in mice de novo by Cre-loxP-mediated recombination (translocator mice) to compare the functionally relevant haematopoietic cell contexts for Mll fusions, namely pluripotent stem cells, semicommitted progenitors or committed cells [12].
• These results suggest that T lineages of most Ph-positive CML patients are not derived from pluripotent stem cells involved in leukemogenesis and thus confirm previous investigations based on cytogenetic or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase analyses [13].
• Furthermore, the sharp down-regulation of ABCG2 at the stage of lineage commitment suggests that this gene may play an important role in the unique physiology of the pluripotent stem cell [14].
• Since Kupffer cells and T lymphocytes are derived from the same pluripotent stem cell, it was hypothesized that glycine would prevent increases in [Ca2+]i in lymphocytes and inhibit cell proliferation [15].
• We find that Pax3 is necessary and sufficient to induce myogenesis in pluripotent stem cells [16].

Anatomical context of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• With the goal of establishing pluripotent stem cell lines, gonadal ridges and mesenteries containing primordial germ cells (PGCs, 5-9 weeks postfertilization) were cultured on mouse STO fibroblast feeder layers in the presence of human recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor, human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor, and forskolin [17].
• In rats, Thy-1 is on the surface of pluripotent stem cells and on early progenitors of both B and T lymphocytes [18].
• All recognizable granuloid and erythroid cells, most granulopoietic (CFU-C) and all erythroid (CFU-E) precursors and about 80% of the pluripotent stem cells were eliminated after this treatment [19].
• The modulatory effect of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vit D) and 13 cis retinoic acid (retinoic acid) on the growth and differentiation of normal human pluripotent stem cell, erythroid, and myeloid progenitor cell growth was studied using semisolid methylcellulose clonal assay [20].
• TGF alpha induces the proliferation and differentiation of central nervous system (CNS) astrocytes and pluripotent stem cells, as well as the survival and differentiation of postmitotic CNS neurons [21].

Associations of Pluripotent Stem Cells with chemical compounds

• Sonic hedgehog and retinoic acid synergistically promote sensory fate specification from bone marrow-derived pluripotent stem cells [22].
• The effects of methotrexate infusion on the pluripotent stem cell population (CFU-S) were studied as well [23].
• BCNU reduced pluripotent stem cells to 40% and erythroid progenitors to less than 5% of normal [24].
• Protection of mice against lethal doses of 1 beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by pluripotent stem cell inhibitors [25].
• We have compared daunorubicin (DNR)-DNA with free DNR and doxorubicin (DOX)-DNA with free DOX for their effects in vivo in mice on pluripotent stem cells and granulocytic committed stem cells [26].

Gene context of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• The results strongly suggest that Dppa5 may have an important role in stemness in human ESCs and EGCs and also can be used as a marker of pluripotent stem cells [27].
• Although it remains to be established whether TPO also acts on the long-term reconstituting pluripotent stem cells, these studies combined with progenitor cell studies in c-mpl-deficient mice, suggest that TPO, in addition to its key role in platelet production, might also have an important impact on early hematopoiesis [28].
• The expression of the pluripotent stem cell antigen CD34 was evaluated at diagnosis in forty-five adult patients with de novo ALL [29].
• Here, we review our current understanding of the function of Nanog in pluripotent stem cells both in vitro and in vivo [30].
• In normal young mice, Fas was expressed on pluripotent stem cells, multipotent progenitors, pro-T and pre-T cells, most thymocytes, and a subset of CD4 and CD8 mature T lymphocytes [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pluripotent Stem Cells

• The pluripotent P19 embryonal carcinoma cell line was used as a model to study cell attachment, growth and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells on PLGA microspheres [32].
• Recently, CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells have been clearly divided into two subpopulations by flow cytometry; namely undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells and differentiated committed progenitor cells [33].

References