Disease relevance of Pancreatic Ducts

• A synthetic pentadecapeptide, corresponding to a region unique to INGAP, stimulated a 2.4-fold increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation into hamster duct epithelium in primary culture and a rat pancreatic duct cell line but had no effect on a hamster insulinoma tumor cell line [1].
• Impaired pancreatic duct secretion is frequently observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), although the cellular mechanism(s) of dysfunction remains unknown [2].
• Hemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in cats by perfusing pancreatic enzymes through a pancreatic duct after the administration of intragastric ethanol [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: Bile reflux into the pancreatic duct, via a common biliopancreatic channel, is not necessary for the development of pancreatitis and does not worsen the severity of pancreatitis associated with pancreatic duct obstruction in this model [4].
• We have developed an in vitro model of Ngn3-dependent differentiation by infecting pancreatic duct cell lines with an Ngn3-expressing adenovirus [5].

Psychiatry related information on Pancreatic Ducts

• Gastrin is transiently expressed in fetal islets during a critical period of their development from protodifferentiated islet precursors in fetal pancreatic ducts [6].
• Failure to achieve fistula closure with octreotide was secondary to pancreatic duct stenosis (4); pseudocyst (1) or recurrent sepsis (4); and patient noncompliance (4) [7].

High impact information on Pancreatic Ducts

• We used recombination-based lineage tracing in vivo to show that Ptf1a (also known as PTF1-p48) is expressed at these early stages in the progenitors of pancreatic ducts, exocrine and endocrine cells, rather than being an exocrine-specific gene as previously described [8].
• We propose that insulin/IGFs regulate beta cell proliferation by relieving Foxo1 inhibition of Pdx1 expression in a subset of cells embedded within pancreatic ducts [9].
• Thus, 5-HT, acting through basolateral 5-HT(3) receptors, strongly inhibits spontaneous, secretin-, and ACh-stimulated fluid secretion by guinea pig pancreatic ducts [10].
• 5-hydroxytryptamine strongly inhibits fluid secretion in guinea pig pancreatic duct cells [10].
• To study the roles of Na(+)-dependent H(+) transporters, we characterized H(+) efflux mechanisms in the pancreatic duct in wild-type, NHE2(-/-), and NHE3(-/-) mice [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pancreatic Ducts

• Weekly s.c. injections of equitoxic doses of 2-hydroxy-propyl-n-propylnitrosamine, 2-oxopropyl-n-propylnitrosamine, and methyl-n-propylnitrosamine, assumed metabolites of di-n-propylnitrosamine by beta oxidation, induced low incidences of pancreatic duct adenomas in Syrian golden hamsters [12].
• Calcite crystals therefore may occur, obstruct pancreatic ducts, and finally cause a lithiasis [13].
• We found that three CpG sites in the first intron of the S100A4 gene were approximately 90% methylated in microdissected normal pancreatic duct cells using bisulfite-modified sequencing and in two cell lines and three primary pancreatic carcinomas with a reduced or absent expression of S100A4 [14].
• Acute necrotising pancreatitis in rats was induced by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct [15].
• CONCLUSION: Segmental obstruction of the pancreatic duct with prolamine is useful for preventing pancreatic fistula development after distal pancreatectomy [16].

Biological context of Pancreatic Ducts

• With electronic cell sizing and CFTR antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, PANC 1 cells can provide an ideal system for the study of pancreatic duct cell physiology and pathophysiology with respect to the role of CFTR in the pancreas [17].
• Pancreatic overexpression of gastrin from a chimeric insulin/gastrin transgene transcribed from the insulin promoter markedly decreased the TGF alpha-stimulated increase in pancreatic duct mass [6].
• Over the range of submaximal to maximal concentrations of secretagogues, discharge of exocrine proteins in vitro into the incubation medium and in vivo into the pancreatic duct increased and morphologic analysis indicated that exocytosis of zymogen granules occurred exclusively at the luminal membrane [18].
• Under in vivo conditions, supramaximal stimulation with caerulein or carbamylcholine resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in amylase release into the pancreatic duct and increase in the appearance of amylase in the blood circulation [18].
• We show that SDF-1alpha stimulates the phosphorylation of Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Src in pancreatic duct cells [19].

Anatomical context of Pancreatic Ducts

• We propose that multiple Na(+)-dependent mechanisms in the luminal membrane of the pancreatic duct absorb Na(+) and HCO(3)(-) to produce a pancreatic juice that is poor in HCO(3)(-) and rich in Cl(-) during basal secretion [11].
• In pancreas, P-glycoprotein was found on the apical surface of the epithelial cells of small ductules but not larger pancreatic ducts [20].
• The most striking feature of the EGF-R (-/-) islets was that instead of forming circular clusters, the islet cells were mainly located in streak-like structures directly associated with pancreatic ducts [21].
• Large T-antigen immunoreactivity was detected in all the nuclei of neoplastic cells, as well as in insulin-immunoreactive elements of non-neoplastic islets and pancreatic ducts and in some secretin-immunoreactive cells of small intestinal mucosa [22].
• In addition, 28 of the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase-deficient mice were transplanted with cultured pancreatic duct cells, but no donor-derived hepatocytes were observed [23].

Associations of Pancreatic Ducts with chemical compounds

• Hence, approximately 55% of luminal H(+) efflux (or HCO(3)(-) influx) in the pancreatic duct is mediated by a novel, HOE 694-sensitive, Na(+)-dependent mechanism [11].
• Na(+)-dependent transporters mediate HCO(3)(-) salvage across the luminal membrane of the main pancreatic duct [11].
• Glucose-specific regulation of aldose reductase in capan-1 human pancreatic duct cells In vitro [2].
• The cats either received ethanol (2 ml/kg every 8 h) and aspirin (25 mg/kg every 8 h) orally for 48 h or had their pancreatic ducts perfused for 1 h with 7.5 mM glycodeoxycholate [24].
• Prolamine solution to block pancreatic duct [25].

Gene context of Pancreatic Ducts

• Normal pancreatic ducts show homogeneous expression of MUC1 and MUC5B and heterogenous expression of MUC3 [26].
• METHODS: Using immunostaining, we have determined the expression pattern of HNF-6 in pancreatic ducts during mouse development [27].
• Transgenic overexpression of amphiregulin induces a mitogenic response selectively in pancreatic duct cells [28].
• Neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) is key for endocrine cell specification in the embryonic pancreas and induction of a neuroendocrine cell differentiation program by misexpression in adult pancreatic duct cells [29].
• Recapitulation of embryonic neuroendocrine differentiation in adult human pancreatic duct cells expressing neurogenin 3 [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pancreatic Ducts

• Adult male rats with bile and pancreatic duct ligation were fed test meals containing 56 mumol [14C]triolein (0.5 ml), synthetic human bile (1.0 ml, 100 mumol bile salts, 75% glycine and 25% taurine conjugates, and 14.5 mumol lecithin), pancreatic enzymes (0.5 ml), and antacids (1.0 ml) [31].
• Pancreatoduodenectomy with neoprene occlusion of main pancreatic duct [32].
• Because the majority of pancreatic adenocarcinomas are believed to arise from ductal tissue, pancreatic duct mucin may have a useful role as a marker in detection and differential diagnosis [33].
• Human islets of Langerhans were isolated with the principles of collagenase perfusion via the pancreatic duct and gentle dissociation of tissue [34].
• Urinary bladder to pancreatic duct anastomosis animals had a significantly decreased integrated glucose response to OGTT compared to PAT and an exaggerated insulin response to hyperglycemic challenge, which approximated normal control values by the last 30-minute period of the clamp [35].

References