Disease relevance of Osteonecrosis

• Total RNA extracts of femoral head biopsies with osteonecrotic lesions from GC-treated patients showed threefold higher ETRA mRNA levels compared with extracts of bone biopsies from patients with traumatically induced osteonecrosis and coxarthrosis [1].
• Glucocorticoid-induced bone disease is characterized by decreased bone formation and in situ death of isolated segments of bone (osteonecrosis) suggesting that glucocorticoid excess, the third most common cause of osteoporosis, may affect the birth or death rate of bone cells, thus reducing their numbers [2].
• A case of multifocal steroid related osteonecrosis in a patient with ulcerative colitis is presented [3].
• The symptomatic joint disease secondary to avascular necrosis of bone (ANB) in 31 of 375 (8 per cent) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was characterized by polyarticular (90 per cent) and symmetric (83 per cent) involvement [4].
• PURPOSE: To evaluate whether there is a relationship between steroid treatment and risk for osteonecrosis of the hip and knee in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Osteonecrosis

• Patients in whom the osteonecrosis was idiopathic, associated with alcohol abuse, or posttraumatic fared worse than did those with other causes, including steroid use [6].

High impact information on Osteonecrosis

• The age of patients is younger, and the dose and duration are considerably lower than that reported for steroid-induced osteonecrosis in other disease states [7].
• Association of klotho, bone morphogenic protein 6, and annexin A2 polymorphisms with sickle cell osteonecrosis [8].
• PURPOSE: Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been associated recently with the use of pamidronate and zoledronic acid [9].
• Effects of pulse methylprednisolone on bone and marrow tissues: corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits [10].
• OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of pulse methylprednisolone acetate on bone and bone marrow tissues and to clarify the causal factors of corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis (ON) by using an experimental animal model [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Osteonecrosis

• OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of combination treatment with an anticoagulant (warfarin) plus a lipid-lowering agent (probucol) on the prevention of steroid-induced osteonecrosis (ON) in rabbits [11].
• Enzyme activity, which was inhibited by EDTA, was greater in extracts of fibrillated osteoarthritic cartilage than in extracts of grossly normal cartilage from the same joint or in extracts of cartilage from joints with osteonecrosis [12].
• Zoledronic acid treatment results in retention of femoral head structure after traumatic osteonecrosis in young Wistar rats [13].
• Initial standard radiographs were negative in 13 patients, while in nine patients, technetium-99 scans and/or magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated changes of osteonecrosis before changes on routine radiographs [14].
• The risk of osteonecrosis was 0.6% for patients receiving less than 3 g and 13% for patients receiving more than 3 g prednisolone-equivalent dose [5].
• In appropriately selected oncology patients treated with bisphosphonates, an increased uptake of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate in maxillary bones may suggest probable osteonecrosis of the jaw [15].

Biological context of Osteonecrosis

• An initial screen and follow-up studies showed that individual SNPs and haplotypes composed of several SNPs in bone morphogenic protein 6, annexin A2, and klotho were associated with sickle cell osteonecrosis [8].
• Association of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 genotype with avascular osteonecrosis in steroid-treated renal allograft recipients [16].
• Oxidative stress by glutathione depletion induces osteonecrosis in rats [17].
• OBJECTIVE: We investigated apoptosis, i.e., programmed cell death, in steroid induced osteonecrosis in a rabbit model [18].
• Apoptotic cell death in steroid induced osteonecrosis: an experimental study in rabbits [18].

Anatomical context of Osteonecrosis

• Fourteen had had previous trauma, 1 osteonecrosis of the lunate, 2 mild rheumatoid arthritis, and 1 a brachial plexus palsy [19].
• RESULTS: Of the eighty-one hips with idiopathic or ethanol-associated osteonecrosis, seventy-six (94%) had normal or stage-1 bone in the acetabulum and the proximal part of the femur according to the system of Arlet and Ficat, and seventy-eight (97%) of the eighty-one had a grade of 0 or 1 according to the system of Humphreys et al [20].
• We describe a 74-year-old woman who presented with referred thigh pain associated with multiple osteonecroses of the T12, L1 and L2 vertebrae [21].
• We present a case of bilateral osteonecrosis of the patella in a patient during steroid therapy and demonstrate the radiological, arthroscopic, and histological features [22].
• The results indicate that steroid-induced differentiation of potentially osteogenic marrow cells into adipocytes in vivo may contribute to the development of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis [23].

Gene context of Osteonecrosis

• Expression of the angiomatrix and angiogenic proteins CYR61, CTGF, and VEGF in osteonecrosis of the femoral head [24].
• CYR61, CTGF, and VEGF are expressed to different degrees in the different repair zones of osteonecrosis [24].
• VEGF, CYR61, and CTGF were expressed in samples with osteonecrosis [24].
• However, no correlation was determined between factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and MTHFR C677T mutations and osteonecrosis [25].
• Familial idiopathic osteonecrosis mediated by familial hypofibrinolysis with high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Osteonecrosis

• However, the prevalence of clinical osteonecrosis and the rate of infectious complications requiring hospitalization were significantly decreased in patients on alternate day methylprednisolone [27].
• CONCLUSION: (99m)Tc-methylene diphosphonate SPECT is more sensitive than MRI for the detection of femoral head osteonecrosis in renal transplant recipients [28].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine whether technetium bone scintigraphy (BS) is useful for screening of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the knee (ONK), which was a major affected site, secondary to the femoral head, among multiple osteonecrosis, in patients with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) [29].
• METHODS: Forty patients with Steinberg stage-II or III nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head and a necrotic area of >30% (class C) were randomly divided into alendronate and control groups of twenty patients each [30].
• Early diagnosis of osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus with magnetic resonance imaging. Failure of core decompression [31].

References