Disease relevance of o-Octylphenol

• 4-Octylphenol (OP), 4-nonylphenol, 4-nonylphenoxycarboxylic acid, and 4-nonylphenoldiethoxylate were each capable of stimulating vitellogenin gene expression in trout hepatocytes, gene transcription in transfected cells, and the growth of breast cancer cell lines [1].
• Nonylphenol, nonylphenol ethoxylates, octylphenol, octylphenol ethoxylates, and 4,5-methyl-1H-benzotriazoles were quantified in the nine ADAF formulations, and toxicity tests were conducted with nonylphenol ethoxylates and 4,5-methyl-1H-benzotriazoles [2].
• Body weights of male and female rats exposed to octylphenol at 50 and 100 mg/kg throughout the study after the administration period, those of both sexes at 7 and 9 weeks of age in the 25 mg/kg group, and that of females at 9 weeks of age in the 12.5 mg/kg group were lower than those of controls [3].
• In addition, butylhydroxyanisol and octylphenol, both showed feminization at 10(-7) M while octylphenol was also effective at 10(-8) M [4].
• Growth factors, kinetics and biodegradation mechanism associated with Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX1 grown on octylphenol polyethoxylates [5].

High impact information on o-Octylphenol

• Maternal exposure to octylphenol suppresses ovine fetal follicle-stimulating hormone secretion, testis size, and sertoli cell number [6].
• In Exp 1, maternal exposure to octylphenol suppressed (P < 0.05) FSH concentrations without any effect (P > 0.05) on LH concentrations compared with those in control fetuses [6].
• In Exp 2, pregnant ewes received twice weekly sc injections of DES (0.5 microg/kg x day), octylphenol (1000 microg/kg x day), or corn oil from day 70 of gestation to birth [6].
• In Exp 2, long-term maternal exposure to octylphenol or a 1000-fold lower dose of DES suppressed (P < 0.05) FSH, messenger RNA levels and the number of FSHbeta-immunopositive cells in the pituitary gland and reduced testis weight and the number of Sertoli cells in the testis compared with those in control lambs [6].
• In Exp 1, pregnant ewes received a continuous iv infusion of diethylstilbestrol (DES; 50 microg/kg x day), octylphenol (1000 microg/kg x day), or vehicle (1:4, alcohol-saline) from days 110-115 of gestation [6].

Biological context of o-Octylphenol

• Like 17 beta-estradiol, OP is capable of stimulating the activity of both transcriptional activation functions, TAF-1 and TAF-2, in the receptor, as judged by analyzing the activity of the wild-type and mutant receptors in transiently transfected cells [1].
• Embryonic exposure of monosex male trout, monosex female trout, and mixed sex salmon to o, o, p'-DDE, p,o, p'-DDE, mixtures of DDE isomers, and octylphenol failed to alter sexual development [7].
• We exposed tadpoles to the industrial pollutant octylphenol (OP) for 24 hr before and during the critical stages of sexual differentiation to determine whether this known endocrine disruptor affects sex differentiation and SF-1 expression [8].
• The expression of CaBP-9k mRNA was also induced following treatment with a high dose (600 mg/kg BW) of OP, transferred from the mother, exposed to fetuses during late pregnancy, and persisted through Day 5 of lactation [9].
• Histology showed increased testis anomalies and decreased spermatozoa with increasing OP exposure [10].

Anatomical context of o-Octylphenol

• The estrogenicity of two such compounds, bisphenol A (BPA) and octylphenol (OP), during development of the neuroendocrine system was investigated [11].
• In conclusion, maternal exposure to APs, OP and NP, during late pregnancy increased the expressions of CaBP-9k mRNA and protein in maternal and neonatal uteri [9].
• In this study, we found that nonylphenol and octylphenol are also conjugated with glucuronic acid by adult rat liver microsomes [12].
• Octylphenol (OP) alters the expression of members of the amyloid protein family in the hypothalamus of the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina serpentina [13].
• Toxic effects of octylphenol on cultured rat spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells [14].

Associations of o-Octylphenol with other chemical compounds

• Nonyl- and octylphenols, nonyl- and octylphenol mono-, di-, and triethoxylates, halogenated nonylphenols, and nonylphenol ethoxycarboxylates were concentrated from water samples using a C18 solid-phase extraction procedure [15].
• However, in the case of the important octylphenol ethoxylates [p-C8H17-C6H4-O-(CH2CH2O)n-H], HPLC cannot resolve individual oligomers of high molecular weight Triton surfactants (e.g., greater than 2000 u or so; u = unified atomic mass unit) [16].
• Exposure of male mouse fetuses to either dose of bisphenol A, but to neither dose of octylphenol, significantly increased their adult prostate weight relative to control males, which is consistent with the higher predicted bioactivity of bisphenol A than octylphenol in the RBA-SMA assay [17].
• Quantitative analysis allowed us to compare in vitro and in vivo actions of different estrogenic compounds (estradiol, estrone) and endocrine disruptors (ethynylestradiol, genistein, octylphenol, and 2,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) in the same cell lines and to follow hormone action on a living animal as a function of time [18].
• In both DES- and OP-exposed fetuses immunoexpression of SF-1 was reduced in Sertoli and interstitial cells when compared with controls [19].

Gene context of o-Octylphenol

• The endocrine disruptors nonylphenol and octylphenol exert direct effects on T cells to suppress Th1 development and enhance Th2 development [20].
• These include the activity of BPA on the CF1 mouse prostate; the activities of BPA, octylphenol, and nonylphenol on the rat testis; and the effect of polycarbonate caging on control mouse uterine weight [21].
• Octylphenol (OP), an environmental estrogen, stimulates prolactin (PRL) gene expression [22].
• Isolation and Characterization of an Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene from the Octylphenol Polyethoxylate Degrader Pseudomonas putida S-5 [23].
• Perinatal application of DDT, octylphenol and benzylbutylphthalate resulted in persistent estrus in rats, in- and subfertility, respectively, and impaired sexual behaviour [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of o-Octylphenol

• Temperature was investigated as active parameter in the liquid chromatography (LC) analysis of octylphenol ethoxylates [25].
• To assess the performance of this immunoassay in complex real samples, a cross reactivity study was carried out, and the possible interference of other surfactants commonly detected in wastewater, including nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs), nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), and coconut fatty acid diethanol amides (CDEA), have been evaluated [26].
• Instrumentally determined estrogenic activity (E2-EQ(C)), which is the concentrations of NP and OP multiplied by their corresponding relative potency, was below the detection limit of the MVLN cell bioassay [27].
• This paper reports the characterization of the biodegradation intermediates of octylphenol octaethoxylate (OP(8)EO) by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) [28].

References