Disease relevance of Norethisterone enantate

• The reduction in serum HDL-C levels was not correlated with either the serum norethisterone concentrations or the length of use of Norigest nor was it affected by obesity or smoking [1].
• Effect of intramuscular norethisterone enanthate on compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the rat [2].
• Norethisterone enantate in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome [3].
• Use of norethisterone oenanthate and predisposition to thrombosis [4].
• Bilateral insertion of silastic capsules releasing 38-44 micrograms norethisterone enanthate/24 h into the epididymal fat-pads was found to induce complete azoospermia leading to infertility in adult male rabbits 8 weeks after insertion of the progestin implants [5].

Psychiatry related information on Norethisterone enantate

• OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of postnatal administration of the long-acting progestogen contraceptive, norethisterone enanthate, on postnatal depression and on serum hormone concentrations, and their association with depression [6].

High impact information on Norethisterone enantate

• Some metabolic effects of long-term use of the injectable contraceptive norethisterone oenanthate [7].
• Intramuscular testosterone undecanoate and norethisterone enanthate in a clinical trial for male contraception [8].
• Norethisterone enanthate (NETE) has been used as a long-acting injectable female contraceptive and has shown sustained suppression of spermatogenesis in male monkeys and prolonged suppression of gonadotropins in men [8].
• Among the injectable progestagen-only contraceptives tested, only 2 have so far reached the international market: depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), which has been administered at 3- or 6-month intervals and norethisterone enanthate, which has been injected at intervals ranging between 2 and 3 months [9].
• Norethisterone enanthate has neither a direct effect on the testis nor on the epididymis: a study in adult male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) [10].

Biological context of Norethisterone enantate

• Potential of norethisterone enanthate for male contraception: pharmacokinetics and suppression of pituitary and gonadal function [11].
• A comparative pilot study was undertaken in three centers to determine the time of return of ovulation after the injection of the steroidal contraceptive norethisterone oenanthate (NET-OEN) [12].
• The effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in 24 healthy female subjects of the long-acting steroid contraceptives norethisterone oenanthate (200 mg) (11 subjects) and depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (150 mg) (13 subjects) were studied [13].
• In tests for the suppression of estrus in rats, esters with short-chain aliphatic acids and with cyclobutane-carboxylic acid were considerably more active than the standard, norethisterone enanthate (17 alpha-ethynyl-17 beta-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one) [14].
• Intravenous glucose tolerance tests, and estimations of prothrombin time, and plasma coagulation factors VII and X, were made on 12 women receiving 200 mg norethisterone oenanthate intramuscularly as a contraceptive [15].

Anatomical context of Norethisterone enantate

• Cytokeratin 8, 18 and 19 in endometrial epithelium of Norplant and norethisterone enanthate injectable progestogen contraceptive users [16].
• Histological changes were studied in the ovary and uterus of rats receiving different doses of Depo-Provera (DMPA) and Noristerat (NET-EN) for varying duration [17].
• Effect of continuous local microdose norethisterone enanthate on the epididymis of adult rat [18].
• The tumorigenic effect of norethisterone enanthate (NE) on mammary glands in rat and mouse may be ascribed to its own inherent estrogenicity, which is especially pronounced in these species [19].
• In order to investigate the mechanism of action, we compared the endocrine effects of a single injection of 10 mg of the dimeric ester into intact male rats with that of 6 mg of norethisterone enanthate + 6 mg of testosterone enanthate [20].

Associations of Norethisterone enantate with other chemical compounds

• Norethisterone levels in maternal serum and milk after intramuscular injection of norethisterone oenanthate as a contraceptive [21].
• PURPOSE: This prospective observational study evaluated the bleeding patterns of adolescents receiving a monthly injectable contraceptive containing norethisterone enanthate 50 mg plus estradiol valerate 5 mg [22].
• Levels of norethisterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate were measured in serum and milk of women receiving the injectable contraceptive formulations Norigest and DepoProvera, respectively, throughout complete injection intervals [23].
• A Phase I Clinical Trial was conducted in 20 fertile Cuban women using for contraception: Norethisterone Enanthate injectable (NEN) and Norethisterone Acetate minipill (NET) [24].
• Two groups, each composed of 20 women, who used depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) injectable contraceptives were investigated for changes in 75-g OGTT and in the fasting and two-hour post oral glucose load (2-hours) levels of serum insulin, growth hormone, glucagon, cortisol and blood pyruvate [25].

Gene context of Norethisterone enantate

• Comparative evaluation of contraceptive efficacy of norethisterone oenanthate (200 mg) injectable contraceptive given every two or three monthly. Indian Council of Medical Research Task Force on Hormonal Contraception [26].
• Effect of chronic local administration of norethisterone enanthate on the testes of adult rat [27].
• We therefore investigated the effect of a hydroxy-progesterone type progestagen (cyproterone acetate, CPA) and a nortestosterone type progestagen (norethisterone oenanthate) on serum PRL and GH concentrations [28].
• Both after treatment with NOe or NOe plus CB-154, the number of PRL cells increased and displayed various ultrastructure signs of stimulation [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Norethisterone enantate

• In phase 1, 7 healthy men aged 28-38 years received a single intramuscular injection of 200 mg norethisterone-enanthate (NET-EN) on Day 0 [30].
• METHODS: Random allocation within 48 hours of delivery to norethisterone enanthate by injection, or placebo [6].
• Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; 5 micrograms/g body wt) or norethisterone oenanthate (NET-OEN; 4 micrograms/g body wt) was given to lactating female rats by subcutaneous injection 1 day after parturition [31].
• Low dose injectable contraceptive norethisterone enanthate 20mg monthly--I. Clinical trials [32].
• In similar clinical trial conditions, the continuation rate with NorplantR-2 is significantly higher than those observed with LNG IUD and injectable contraceptives, norethisterone oenanthate 200 mg given every 60 +/- 5 days, and is comparable to that of CuT 200 IUD [33].

References