Disease relevance of M 5041T

• In each case, rebound hypertension was observed during clonidine hydrochloride withdrawal [1].
• Clonidine hydrochloride may be a factor in producing a high-grade atrioventricular block [2].
• We identified eight hypertensive patients who developed severe bradycardia during oral clonidine hydrochloride therapy [3].
• Arterial thrombosis with combined clonidine hydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride therapy [4].
• Intravenous clonidine hydrochloride toxicity in pregnant ewes [5].

Psychiatry related information on M 5041T

• Clonidine hydrochloride has been reported to reduce tobacco withdrawal symptoms and facilitate smoking cessation [6].
• We evaluated the behavioral and physiologic effects of clonidine hydrochloride, a centrally active alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, in two separate studies of patients with panic disorder [7].
• The safety and effectiveness of clonidine hydrochloride (3 to 5 micrograms/kg per day) were evaluated in 47 subjects with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome, aged 7 to 48 years [8].
• Clonidine hydrochloride, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist that decreases noradrenergic function, was administered to 21 healthy subjects and 26 drug-free patients with agoraphobia and panic attacks [9].
• To examine the role of the noradrenergic system in anxiety disorders, 23 patients (nine with generalized anxiety disorders and 14 with panic disorders) were studied for four weeks with clonidine hydrochloride, a predominantly presynaptic noradrenergic agonist, and with placebo [10].

High impact information on M 5041T

• The antihypertensive effect of clonidine hydrochloride delivered at a constant rate for seven days by transdermal disks was evaluated in seven patients with essential hypertension [11].
• Each patient initially received 0.2 mg of clonidine hydrochloride, followed by 0.1 mg each hour until a dose of 0.7 mg had been given, or the diastolic blood pressure (BP) reached a predetermined goal (110 mm Hg or total fall of at least 20 mm Hg) [12].
• Clonidine hydrochloride is a new antihypertensive agent with a primary site of action in the central nervous system [13].
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative efficacy of 2 pharmacotherapies, the partial opioid agonist buprenorphine hydrochloride and the centrally active alpha(2)-adrenergic blocker clonidine hydrochloride, in the detoxification of opioid-dependent adolescents [14].
• In a patient with hypertensive crisis following abrupt cessation of clonidine hydrochloride and metoprolol tartrate, intravenous administration of labetalol hydrochloride rapidly reduced blood pressure and heart rate to precrisis levels [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of M 5041T

• A transdermal therapeutic system for delivering clonidine ( Catapres -TTS) is used for the treatment of hypertension [16].
• A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was carried out, comparing alpha-methyldopa and clonidine hydrochloride in 100 pregnant women with hypertension [17].
• The effects of clonidine hydrochloride versus atenolol monotherapy on serum lipids, lipid subfractions, and apolipoproteins in mild hypertension [18].
• PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine allergic responses to clonidine hydrochloride 0.25% in glaucoma patients with proven allergic reaction to apraclonidine 0.5% [19].

Biological context of M 5041T

• Water diuresis from clonidine (catapres) [20].
• Clonidine hydrochloride has been demonstrated to produce vasoconstriction in the anterior segment of the cat eye [21].
• Comparison of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of oral (Catapres) and transdermal (M-5041T) clonidine in healthy subjects [22].
• We evaluated the effectiveness of topical apraclonidine (ALO 2145, p-amino clonidine hydrochloride) in suppressing an acute postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) rise following Nd:YAG laser iridotomy [23].

Anatomical context of M 5041T

• In the present study, we examined the effect of application of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine hydrochloride, on nNOS expression in the rat jejunal myenteric plexus after splanchinic ganglionectomy [24].
• Epidural clofelin did not cause dystrophy and necrosis in neurons of the spinal and spinal ganglion [25].
• Morphofunctional changes in spinal cord tissues and spinal ganglia after epidural administration of clofelin [26].
• Treatment consisted of efforts to prevent absorption of CH from the GI tract and supportive care [27].
• Clonidine (Catapresan), which easily passes the blood brain barrier, resulted in a pronounced decrease in urethral pressure and electromyographic activity from both sphincters [28].

Associations of M 5041T with other chemical compounds

• We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare analgesia obtained by wound infiltration using 29 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine alone, or with the addition of clonidine hydrochloride 150 micrograms [29].
• On lowering the verapamil dose, or changing therapy to clonidine hydrochloride, all the above-mentioned functions returned to normal and a response to influenza vaccination was observed [30].
• A maximum assay difference of 0.7% in the titrations of three selected nitrogen-containing compounds, clonidine hydrochloride, dipyridamole, and adenosine were observed [31].
• Clonidine hydrochloride detoxification from methadone treatment--the value of naltrexone aftercare [32].
• Growth hormone concentrations were determined before and 60 and 90 minutes after the subjects received oral clonidine hydrochloride (5 micrograms/kg) by a laboratory blinded to the subject's estrogen status [33].

Gene context of M 5041T

• The growth hormone (GH) response to intravenous administration of clonidine hydrochloride (2 micrograms/kg) was assessed in 16 patients with DSM-III-R social phobia, 13 patients with DSM-III-R panic disorder, and 31 healthy controls [34].
• Clonidine hydrochloride via the central nervous system lowers blood pressure, inhibits ACTH and catecholamine release, and stimulates growth hormone secretion [35].
• A 22-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by mild renal insufficiency and severe systemic hypertension inadvertently received an excessive amount of clonidine hydrochloride [36].
• The inhibition of renin secretion in the isolated rat kidney by clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres) [37].
• Systemic injections of clonidine hydrochloride (CLON), an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist, given before apomorphine (APO) (1 mg/kg SC), a DA receptor agonist, prevented APO-induced disruption of the duration measure of habituation 25-hr later [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of M 5041T

• Oral clonidine hydrochloride rapid titration or loading is a safe, effective method to control severe elevations of blood pressure in hypertensive crisis in many clinical situations [39].
• The effectiveness of transdermally administered clonidine hydrochloride was evaluated in a multicenter study in 85 patients with mild essential hypertension [40].
• An initial oral dose of 0.1 to 0.2 mg of clonidine hydrochloride followed by hourly doses of 0.05 or 0.1 mg until goal blood pressure is attained that does not reduce perfusion to critical organs, or a total of 0.7 mg is given, will achieve a significant reduction in blood pressure in 93% of patients [39].
• We examined adrenergic regulation in patients with panic disorder by challenging 10 patients and 14 age-matched and sex-matched controls with intravenous infusions of clonidine hydrochloride (2 micrograms/kg), an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist [41].
• Intraventricular injection of 10 micrograms of clonidine hydrochloride in unstimulated rats caused a significant rise of basal TSH levels 3, but not 10 min after the administration [42].

References