Disease relevance of Ganglia, Spinal

• In the dorsal spinal ganglia (T8-10, L1), calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive cells accounted for about 60% of the total number of ganglion cells [1].
• Ectopic midline spinal ganglion in diastematomyelia: a study of its connections [2].
• Autoradiographic localisation of 3H-uridine in spinal ganglion neurones of the rat and the effects of methyl mercury poisoning [3].
• The fine structure of granular endoplasmic reticulum in neurons and 14C-leucine incorporation into proteins in spinal ganglia of dog after ischemia [4].
• Mouse embryos, homozygous for mutations at the Splotch locus, are afflicted with spina bifida and disturbances of neural-crest-derived tissues, e.g. spinal ganglia and pigment cells [5].

High impact information on Ganglia, Spinal

• In addition, Krox-20 is expressed in early neural crest cells, and then in the neural crest-derived boundary caps, glial components of the cranial and spinal ganglia [6].
• We report here that NGF leads to an increase in SP in spinal ganglia, as previously shown by Kessler and Black. However, in contrast to these authors, we describe that the administration of anti-NGF antibodies produces a marked reduction of the SP content in sensory neurones and in their respective nerve terminals [7].
• After infection, the presence of beta-galactosidase in neuronal cell bodies of the relevant spinal ganglia (lacZ-containing virus) and of human proenkephalin (preproenkephalin-encoding virus) in the central terminals of these neurons indicated appropriate gene delivery and expression [8].
• Hox-1.11 poly(A)+ RNA also is expressed in the VII and VIII cranial ganglia, spinal cord, spinal ganglia, larynx, lungs, vertebrae, sternum, and intestine [9].
• At 10.5 days p.c. and later, the pattern of beta-galactosidase activity diverges from the Hox-3.1 pattern, and an inappropriately high level of reporter gene expression is observed in posterior spinal ganglia [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Ganglia, Spinal

• A few labeled cell bodies were also present ipsilaterally within the inferior ganglion of the vagal nerve and the spinal ganglion of the C1 segment [11].
• Nuclear binding in certain neurons in the peripheral ganglion of the trigeminal nerve further suggests that sensory perception is influenced by 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 not only at the level of the substantia gelatinosa, but also at the level of spinal ganglia [12].

Biological context of Ganglia, Spinal

• Immunohistochemistry performed on embryonic day 11.5 mouse sections indicated Nedd8 and AhR localize to overlapping areas in the heart and spinal ganglia, raising the possibility that this interaction may play a role in organogenesis [13].
• We demonstrate that overexpression of cdk5 increases NF phosphorylation and inhibits NF axonal transport, whereas inhibition both reduces NF phosphorylation and enhances NF axonal transport in cultured chicken dorsal-root-ganglion neurons [14].
• Our results show, that gene expression for Apaf1 first occurs within the embryo between day 7 and 9 of development, becoming more widespread toward day 12 and then includes structures, such as yolk sac, mesenchyme, cartilage, heart anlage, otic vesicle, peridermis, and anlagen of the spinal ganglia and vertebral bodies [15].
• Electrophysiology, acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase of immature spinal ganglia of the rabbit--an experimental study and a review [16].
• This finding suggests that neuron-satellite cell interactions rather than factors in the extracellular matrix play a role in promoting the outgrowth of perikaryal projections from spinal ganglion neurons [17].

Anatomical context of Ganglia, Spinal

• Although striking patterns of expression of Hox 1.1 and other homeobox genes are seen in overtly segmented structures of the embryo (i.e. somites, prevertebral elements, neural tube and dorsal spinal ganglia) expression is also seen in tissues with no obvious segmental origin [18].
• TGF-beta 1 mRNA was upregulated to high levels in sensory and motor roots, spinal ganglia, and sciatic nerve as revealed by quantitative Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization histochemistry, with peak levels just preceding the first signs of clinical recovery [19].
• Adrenal gland, spinal ganglia, skin, lung and--unexpectedly--ossification centers of developing mandible, clavicle and ribs were also positive at later stages (day 13.5-16.5 p.c.). From day 17.5 RON was expressed in the gut epithelium and in a specific area of the central nervous system, corresponding to the nucleus of the hypoglossus [20].
• Amyloid deposits in leptomeningeal vessels, subarachnoid, subpial, and subependymal cerebrospinal regions, spinal ganglia, peripheral nerves, and some internal organs (predominantly heart and kidney) characterize a dominantly inherited disease in a Hungarian family [21].
• Mice homozygous for Hoxb13 loss-of-function mutations show overgrowth in all major structures derived from the tail bud, including the developing secondary neural tube (SNT), the caudal spinal ganglia, and the caudal vertebrae [22].

Associations of Ganglia, Spinal with chemical compounds

• SR 95103 competitively antagonized GABA-induced membrane depolarization in rat spinal ganglia [23].
• Morphological and electrophysiological study of the effects of cisplatin and ORG.2766 on rat spinal ganglion neurons [24].
• A distinct anterior limit of expression was noted in transgenic lines at level C4 (neural tube) and C5 (spinal ganglia) [25].
• Seventy- to 2000-nm-thick sections of bullfrog spinal ganglia, fixed by osmium impregnation as well as by conventional protocols, were studied using standard and high voltage electron microscopy [26].
• Sections of the brain, trigeminal and upper spinal ganglia were reacted with tetramethylbenzidine for detection of the tracer [27].

Gene context of Ganglia, Spinal

• Here we investigated the L5 spinal ganglion and the sciatic nerve of intact Fgfr3-deficient mice after nerve injury [28].
• NCAM was observed in neural crest cells before migration and after formation of cranial and spinal ganglia [29].
• In addition to FGF-2 and FGFR1, the transcripts of FGFR2-4 were expressed in neurons of spinal ganglia [30].
• Targeted inactivation of Hoxb8 affects survival of a spinal ganglion and causes aberrant limb reflexes [31].
• In intact spinal ganglia, both FGF-2 and FGFR1 messenger RNAs are expressed, albeit at different levels [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ganglia, Spinal

• The dye Evans blue, which rapidly conjugates with blood proteins, is found in the interstitium of normal spinal ganglia after intravenous injection, but it is excluded from the nerve cells and their enveloping satellite cells [33].
• In the present study we investigated the distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its mRNA in cranial and spinal ganglia at different segmental levels, using immunohistochemical and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques [34].
• Here, we report the distribution of somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3) mRNA in spinal cord and spinal ganglia by in situ hybridization [35].
• The early effects of acute isoniazid intoxication and the early responses of the neuron to axotomy have been compared in lumbar spinal ganglion cells in the rat [36].
• With the indirect immunofluorescence technique of Coons and collaborators the occurrence of substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivity was studied in spinal ganglia (L6-S1), the spinal cord (L6-S1) and the pad skin of the hind paw of the cat [37].

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