Disease relevance of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• FHIT alterations in lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in rats [1].
• Prostatic cancer induced in MRC rats by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)-amine and N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [2].
• This study evaluated the influence of bile acid load on the DNA distribution pattern of proliferated bile ductules and cholangiocarcinoma induced by diisopropanolnitrosamine [3].
• Five-week-old OVX F344 rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN; 2400 mg / kg, body weight) or vehicle alone [4].
• Ki-ras activation in pancreatic carcinomas of Syrian hamsters induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [5].

High impact information on N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane: promoting effect on the development of thyroid tumors in rats treated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine [6].
• For examination of metabolic interrelationships in carcinogenesis between N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (CAS: 60599-38-4), N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (CAS: 53609-64-6), and N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl) (2-oxopropyl)amine, each was given to a separate group of 20 female Syrian golden hamsters by gavage [7].
• Compared to related compounds, N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitrosobis(2-acetoxy-propyl)amine which are also pancreatic carcinogens, BOP induced only a few neoplasms of the lung, liver, and kidney and none in the nasal cavity, larynx, and trachea [8].
• Mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli and beta-catenin genes during progression of lung tumors induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in rats [9].
• We established 17 transplantable rat thyroid tumor cell lines from the primary thyroid tumor of rats induced by N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• Bile acid load on the DNA distribution pattern of bile ductules and cholangiocarcinoma induced by diisopropanolnitrosamine in hamsters [3].
• Alterations of the mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor (M6p/lgf2r) gene were investigated in lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) in rats [11].
• Induction of epithelial neoplasms by local application of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitrosobis(2-acetoxypropyl)amine [12].
• Male Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with a single dose of 280 mg N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) per 100 g body weight and then given a diet containing 500 mg/kg phenobarbital (PB) for 6, 12 and 19 weeks [13].
• We previously demonstrated that thyroid capsular inflammation induced by continuous treatment with the antithyroidal agent sulfadimethoxine is associated with development of invasive follicular cell carcinomas in rats initiated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) [14].

Biological context of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• Alkylation of rodent tissue DNA induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [15].
• At high substrate concentration (1 mM) or high cell density (5 x 10(6) cells/ml), reduction of BOP to N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl) (2-oxopropyl)amine and N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine contributed significantly to the metabolic profile [16].
• Aberrant methylation patterns of the Rassf1a gene in rat lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [17].
• Reduced expression of the Connexin26 gene and its aberrant DNA methylation in rat lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [18].
• Point mutations of the Ki-ras and p53 genes in rat lung lesions induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis followed by direct sequencing using paraffin-embedded tissues [19].

Anatomical context of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• Relationship between goblet cells and carcinoma of the pancreas during N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine-induced carcinogenesis in Syrian golden hamsters [20].
• During N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in Syrian golden hamsters, both carcinoma and dysplasia could be distinctly classified into two types according to whether they did or did not contain goblet cells [20].
• However, HPOP [unlike BOP, but like N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine] led to tumor development in the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, intestine, Harderian gland, lips, and flank organ [21].
• The effect of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine on pulmonary neuroepithelial cells in Syrian golden hamsters [22].
• Influence of incomplete bile duct obstruction on the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma induced by diisopropanolnitrosamine in hamsters [23].

Associations of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine with other chemical compounds

• Studies were made on the dose and sex dependence of thyroid tumor development in rats pretreated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) followed by exposure to various doses of phenobarbital (PB) [24].
• The compound is an in vivo metabolite of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP), and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine and a postulated proximate pancreatic carcinogen in hamsters [21].
• The effects of cholecystectomy and/or lithocholic acid (LCA) on the composition of biliary bile acid and on pancreatic carcinogenesis by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) were examined in male Syrian golden hamsters [25].
• After treatment with an alkylating agent, N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP), the mutant frequency of the red/gam genes in the liver in Parp-1-/- mice was 1.6-fold higher than that in Parp-1+/+ mice (P<0.05) [26].
• Inhibition by catechol and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate of pancreatic carcinogenesis after initiation with N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in Syrian hamsters [27].

Gene context of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• Mutations of the Smad2 and Smad4 genes in lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in rats [28].
• Alterations of the M6p/Igf2 receptor gene in lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in rats [11].
• Absence of PTEN/MMAC1 gene mutations in lung adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in rats [29].
• Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein in rat lung tumors induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine [30].
• Expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein in preneoplastic and neoplastic lung lesions induced by the administration of 2000 ppm of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) in the drinking water to Wistar male rats, was examined immunohistochemically [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of N,N-Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

• These hamsters underwent simple laparotomy (SL) or IBDO at the choledochus and received diisopropanolnitrosamine (DIPN) once weekly for 20 weeks (SL-DIPN or IBDO-DIPN groups) [23].
• Carcinogenic potency of N-nitrosomethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and other metabolic relatives of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine by single intraperitoneal injection on the lung of rats [31].
• An initiation-promotion medium-term bioassay for detection of chemical carcinogens, developed in the male F344 rat, uses 0.1% N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) among five genotoxic chemicals for the initiation of carcinogenesis in multiple organs [32].
• The effects of erythrosine (Red 3), rose bengal B (Red 105) and thyroidectomy on the development of thyroid tumor were examined in male Wistar rats treated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) [33].
• Greater inhibitory effects for testosterone than castration in rat thyroid tumorigenesis initiated by N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine [34].

References