Disease relevance of Magnolol

• Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by magnolol in colon and liver cancer cells [1].
• Effector mechanism of magnolol-induced apoptosis in human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells [2].
• Involvement of Ras/Raf-1/ERK actions in the magnolol-induced upregulation of p21 and cell-cycle arrest in colon cancer cells [3].
• In this study we found that treatment with 100 microm magnolol induced apoptosis in cultured human hepatoma (Hep G2) and colon cancer (COLO 205) cell lines but not in human untransformed gingival fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells [1].
• Magnolol did not modulate the course of sepsis induced by two cecal punctures [4].

High impact information on Magnolol

• Honokiol and magnolol were well separated within 7 min in a 40 cm long capillary at a separation voltage of 15 kV using a 50 mM borate buffer (pH 9.2) [5].
• METHODS: The effect of magnolol on ionic currents was studied in cultured smooth muscle cells of human trachea with the aid of the patch clamp technique [6].
• Stimulation of the BK(Ca) channel in cultured smooth muscle cells of human trachea by magnolol [6].
• The application of magnolol also shifted the activation curve of BK(Ca) channels to less positive membrane potentials [6].
• Taken together, our results suggest that magnolol activates ERK phosphorylation through a Ras/Raf-1-mediated pathway [3].

Chemical compound and disease context of Magnolol

• Honokiol and magnolol induce Ca2+ mobilization in rat cortical neurons and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells [7].
• Bradykinin- and substance P-induced ear edema in compound 48/80-pretreated mice was less severe than that seen in normal mice, but was still significantly reduced by magnolol pretreatment [8].
• 3. Depletion of rat brain 5-HT, produced by intracerebroventricular pretreatment with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, attenuated the magnolol-induced hypothermia, cutaneous vasodilation and decreased metabolism [9].
• Thus based on our findings, the use of magnolol could result in good blood glucose control and prevent or retard development of diabetic complications such as diabetic nephropathy [10].
• The magnolol-induced hypothermia was attenuated by pretreatment with intracerebroventricular 6-hydroxydopamine (200 microg/rat) [11].

Biological context of Magnolol

• Overexpression of Bcl-2 protected CH27 cells against magnolol-triggered apoptosis [2].
• Previously, we showed that magnolol induces cell-cycle arrest in cultured colon and liver cancer cells through an upregulation of the p21 protein [1] [3].
• Major components from the cortex of Magnoliae (magnolol and honokiol), which have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial actions, inhibited the acetyltransferase activity in rat spleen microsomes (IC50, 150 and 150 microM, respectively) and membrane fractions of human PMNs (IC50, 70 and 60 microM, respectively) [12].
• Pretreatment with z-VAD-fmk markedly inhibited magnolol-induced cell death, but did not prevent cytosolic cytochrome c accumulation [2].
• Gel shift assays using the (32)P-labelled NF-kappa B consensus sequence as probe showed that magnolol pretreatment reduced the density of the shifted bands seen after TNF-alpha-induced activation [13].

Anatomical context of Magnolol

• CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that, in addition to the presence of antioxidative activity, magnolol is potent in stimulating BK(Ca) channel activity in tracheal smooth muscle cells [6].
• Mechanisms of the influence of magnolol on eicosanoid metabolism in neutrophils [14].
• 3. Magnolol (5 and 10 microM) significantly reduced the binding of the human monocytic cell line, U937, to TNF-alpha-stimulated HAECs (58.4 and 56.4% inhibition, respectively) [13].
• 5. Taken together, these data demonstrate that magnolol inhibits TNF-alpha-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B p65 and thereby suppresses expression of VCAM-1, resulting in reduced adhesion of leukocytes [13].
• Intravenous pretreatment with magnolol protects myocardium against stunning [15].

Associations of Magnolol with other chemical compounds

• Magnolol from Magnolia officinalis inhibits 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase without increases of corticosterone and thymocyte apoptosis in mice [16].
• Signaling pathway of magnolol-stimulated lipolysis in sterol ester-loaded 3T3-L1 preadipocyes [17].
• In the present study, we investigated the effect of magnolol on apoptosis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), using terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling (TUNEL) and flow cytometric analysis [18].
• Honokiol and magnolol (1-100 micromol/l) were observed to inhibit spontaneous and uterotonic agonists (carbachol, PGF(2alpha), and oxytocin)-, high K(+)-, and Ca(2+) channel activator (Bay K 8644)-induced uterine contractions in a concentration-dependent manner [19].
• 5. The increases in both colon temperature and hypothalamic 5-HT release produced by interleukin-1 beta injection were attenuated by treatment with magnolol [9].

Gene context of Magnolol

• In addition, magnolol at 30 microM did not stimulate the p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) enzyme activities [14].
• Herbal remedy magnolol suppresses IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and gene expression in endothelial cells [20].
• Further, the relationship between CaMK and ERK was connected by the finding that CaMK inhibitor also blocked magnolol-induced ERK phosphorylation [17].
• Moreover, magnolol increased the relative levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) [17].
• Immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence staining of nuclear extracts demonstrated a 58% reduction in the amount of NF-kappa B p65 in the nuclei in magnolol-treated HAECs [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Magnolol

• The performance of this unique system has been demonstrated by separating and detecting honokiol and magnolol in traditional Chinese medicine, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis [5].
• The percentage of decapsulated cells increased significantly from 20% in the control group to 80% in the magnolol-treated group [21].
• Western blot analysis demonstrated that treatment of COLO-205 cells with magnolol increased the levels of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) [3].
• 1. This study investigated the effect of magnolol, a compound purified from Magnolia officinalis, on glucocorticoid production by primary adrenal cell culture [21].
• Thus our RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the mRNA levels of p21 were increased at 1 h after magnolol treatment and sustained for at least 24 h [3].

References