Disease relevance of TEF

• We demonstrate that in human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells, the PKC activator 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate and PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide reciprocally down- and up-regulate, respectively, TEF-mediated GGAATG core enhancer activity [1].
• A biological activity which enhances cell transformation (TEF) in Rous sarcoma virus temperature-sensitive mutant-infected cultures has been evidenced in the plasma cryoprecipitate from patients affected with different types of neoplastic disease [2].
• Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (EA +/- TEF) usually occurs sporadically either as an isolated malformation or in conjunction with other congenital anomalies [3].
• Haematological and gastrointestinal toxicity defined the maximum tolerated doses, at T-80/E-90 mg/m(2) with TEF, T-70/A50/X-2,000 mg/m(2) with TAX and T-70/E-80/X-1,650 mg/m(2) with TEX [4].
• Eleven patients with previous esophageal atresia repair (TEF) underwent esophageal motility studies and were compared to 10 normal patients [5].

Psychiatry related information on TEF

• Evidence has been provided suggesting that physical activity influences RMR and TEF in younger and older individuals [6].

High impact information on TEF

• Analysis of the ontogeny of TEF gene expression reveals the presence of TEF transcripts, beginning on embryonic day 14, only in the region of the rat anterior pituitary gland in which thyrotrophs arise [7].
• The DNA-binding and dimerization domains of TEF correspond to those found in other bZIP proteins [7].
• In contrast to this restricted pattern of expression during embryogenesis, TEF transcripts appear in several tissues in the mature organism [7].
• In vitro, TEF and DBP bind the same DNA sequences [8].
• The two highly related PAR basic region leucine zipper proteins TEF and DBP accumulate according to a robust circadian rhythm in liver and kidney [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of TEF

• Two patients treated with TEF developed transient cardiac toxicity (dilatative cardiomyopathy and coronary subtotal stenosis requiring stenting) after cumulative E doses of 400 mg and 1,100 mg/m(2), respectively [4].
• We report on 2 newborn infants with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA + TEF) born to hyperthyroid mothers receiving methimazole (Tapazol) before and during their entire pregnancies [9].
• The combined effluent from the bleaching plant contributed the largest TEF (Toxicity Emission Factor) to the toxicity balance of the whole BAPACO combined effluent [10].
• Previous studies using the experimental Adriamycin-induced rat model of EA/TEF suggest that the fistula tract, or "distal esophagus," is derived from respiratory epithelium and expresses the respiratory-specific transcription factor TTF-1 [11].

Biological context of TEF

• This promoter is particularly responsive to TEF activation and is silenced by NFIL3, a repressor that shares the consensus binding site with PAR bZIP proteins [12].
• A naturally occurring variant of DBP (tDBP), lacking the transactivation domain, has been identified and shown to impede the formation of active TEF dimers in a competitive manner and to reduce the TEF-dependent induction of bcl-gS [12].
• Furthermore, blockade of bcl-gS or TEF expression by a small interfering RNA strategy or transfection with tDBP significantly reduces the etoposide-mediated apoptotic cell death [12].
• Using a fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, the DBP locus was assigned to chromosome 19q13, and TEF to chromosome 22q13 [13].
• TEF and HLF activated transcription of consensus site-containing reporter genes in several different cell types with similar potencies [14].

Anatomical context of TEF

• DBP and TEF mRNAs were expressed in all tissues and cell lines examined, including brain, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney [13].
• Both TEF and DPB accumulate in a circadian way in insulin-secreting cells after a serum shock known to restore circadian rhythms in cultured cells [15].
• TEF and DBP transcripts are expressed at extremely high levels in human pancreatic islets compared to other tissues, suggesting a potentially important circadian regulation of these cells [15].
• Both transcription factors albumin site d-binding protein (DBP) and thyrotroph embryonic factor (TEF) are elements of the "cell-clock". Their circadian accumulation in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and peripheral tissues such as liver, kidney and lung is thought to participate in controlling circadian regulation of downstream genes [15].
• These novel findings suggest that in addition to exerting a regulatory effect by binding MCAT elements, TEF proteins likely contribute to regulation of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle gene networks by binding select A/T-rich and MEF2 elements under basal and hypertrophic conditions [16].

Associations of TEF with chemical compounds

• Health effects of hexachlorobenzene and the TEF approach [17].
• The other three dose metrics do account for these important factors, and the corresponding RPFs are at least 10-fold lower than the current TEF for 4-PeCDF [18].
• These cases represent a previously unreported example of the association of maternal ingestion of methimazole during pregnancy and EA + TEF [9].
• METHODS: We injected Adriamycin into pregnant rats to induce EA/TEF in rat embryos [19].
• The major contribution to total TEQ in the majority of cases came from 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran owing to its relatively higher levels and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran because of its TEF of 0 [20].

Physical interactions of TEF

• We show that TONDU specifically interacts with a domain conserved in all the mammalian TEF factors [21].

Other interactions of TEF

• To address these questions, we cloned the human homologue of TEF/VBP, a bZIP protein closely related to HLF [14].
• In liver nuclei, the amplitude of daily oscillation has been estimated to be 50-fold and 160-fold for TEF and DBP, respectively [8].
• The two PAR leucine zipper proteins, TEF and DBP, display similar circadian and tissue-specific expression, but have different target promoter preferences [8].
• In the EA/TEF specimens, all BMP ligands were present in the proximal esophageal pouch but absent in the fistula tract [22].
• We report the cloning of a cDNA encoding the human transcription factor hTEF-5, containing the TEA/ATTS DNA binding domain and related to the TEF family of transcription factors. hTEF-5 is expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but the strongest expression is observed in the placenta and in placenta-derived JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TEF

• Using nested, degenerate PCR primers corresponding to conserved TEF domains, several novel TEF-1-related cDNAs have been cloned from a human placental cDNA library [24].
• A neonate with VACTERL association including tricuspid atresia was scheduled for thoracoscopic esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) repair and laparoscopic gastrostomy tube placement [25].
• Tracheoesophageal fistula, with or without esophageal atresia (TEF/EA) appears to be a defect of blastogenesis, as is the oculoauriculovertebral (Goldenhar) spectrum (OAVS), with which it has occasionally been associated [26].
• The recent National Toxicology Program (NTP) cancer bioassays for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (4-PeCDF) permit a reevaluation of the current TEF value of 4-PeCDF [18].
• TEE was measured with doubly labeled water, resting metabolic rate (RMR) by indirect calorimetry, and thermic response to feeding (TEF) by indirect calorimetry; energy expenditure of physical activity (EEPA) was estimated by subtracting RMR, TEF, and prescribed PA from TEE [27].

References