Disease relevance of Vulnerable Populations

• Twenty-year-old, historically disadvantaged, urbanized South Africans (n = 137) with birth weights either below the 10th percentile [underweight for age (UFA)] or between the 25th and 75th percentiles [appropriate for gestational age (AFA)] had anthropometry, blood pressure, lipid levels, and glucose tolerance measured [1].
• OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to evaluate whether patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who are socioeconomically disadvantaged, have a different outcome than higher-income patients [2].
• CONCLUSION: Promoting the use of folic acid supplements, particularly among these disadvantaged groups, is essential to further decrease the prevalence of neural tube defects [3].
• Pharmacokinetic studies focused on the metabolism, safety and tolerability of citalopram, specifically with reference to adverse reactions, drug interactions and overdose in addition to citalopram's effect on vulnerable populations, such as children, the elderly and patients with metabolic diseases [4].
• CONCLUSIONS: Spatial analyses of late stage prostate cancer cases can provide additional insights into less favorable outcomes for disadvantaged populations and racial and ethnic minorities [5].

Psychiatry related information on Vulnerable Populations

• If withdrawal symptoms reflect the exacerbation of natural predispositions, then 'disadvantaged' smokers will suffer the worst abstinence symptoms and develop the strongest nicotine dependency [6].
• The mission of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is to protect and serve underserved and vulnerable populations [7].
• Autonomy for vulnerable populations: the Supreme Court's reckless disregard for self-determination and social science [8].
• HIV prevention for African-American women in LAC should focus on improving self-esteem and negotiation skills within the context of the crack cocaine culture and the disadvantaged social and economic situation described [9].
• This feature is especially relevant in elderly patients with dementia and associated epilepsy, a vulnerable population in which the diagnosis of seizures can be difficult and for whom treatment guidelines are not yet available [10].

High impact information on Vulnerable Populations

• SETTING--Bayview-Hunter's Point neighborhood of San Francisco, Calif, a predominantly African-American community that is economically disadvantaged [11].
• However, vulnerable populations may become choline deficient, including the growing infant, the pregnant or lactating woman, the cirrhotic, and the patient fed intravenously [12].
• The present results suggest that tau may coaggregate with alpha-synuclein in LBs, especially in neuronal populations vulnerable to both NFTs and LBs [13].
• CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the three MTHFR C677T genotypes confer different levels of atherothrombotic risk in 'genetically vulnerable' populations: CT heterozygotes have an elevated risk over CC homozygotes [14].
• "Adverse reactions to aspartame: double-blind challenge in patients from a vulnerable population" by Walton et al [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Vulnerable Populations

• This report reviews the evidence that intrauterine exposure to growth retardation, diabetes, and vitamin A deficiency contribute disproportionately to the rising incidence of kidney disease in disadvantaged people, because they encounter these exposures more frequently than people from developed countries [16].
• Postoperative liver functions showed no marked derangement; the mean peak GPT was 221 U and the mean peak total bilirubin 2.3 mg d/l. Local cooling minimizes the risk of ischemia/reperfusion injury in this very vulnerable population, yet gives the surgeon adequate time to perform a challenging resection in a bloodless field [17].

Biological context of Vulnerable Populations

• It is hypothesized that when a vulnerable population experiences environmental influences accompanying 'westernization', insulin resistance and eventually glucose intolerance develop [18].
• A programme to promote breast feeding in a socio-economically disadvantaged area of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa [19].

Anatomical context of Vulnerable Populations

• Previous studies have demonstrated that the dentate granule and the CA3 pyramidal cells of the rat hippocampal formation are neuronal populations vulnerable to the toxic effects of ethanol [20].
• Family history of coronary artery disease and cholesterol: screening children in a disadvantaged inner-city population [21].

Associations of Vulnerable Populations with chemical compounds

• Monitoring of flecainide levels in vulnerable populations is suggested to guide prescribing [22].
• They were a young, single, and disadvantaged group of polydrug abusers with poor employment, educational, and social skills, who abused benzhexol mainly for its euphorogenic properties [23].
• Newer treatments include the prostaglandin analogues which are effective but disadvantaged by their parenteral route of administration, and lack of licence in some countries [24].
• All known GS4071 resistant genotypes are growth disadvantaged and display significantly reduced infectivity in animals [25].
• Like other aminoglycosides, gentamicin has a narrow therapeutic index and therapeutic drug monitoring has proven to be beneficial, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly [26].

Gene context of Vulnerable Populations

• On the whole, our data suggest that those individuals who are genetically predisposed to produce high levels of IL-6 during aging, i.e. -174 locus GG homozygous men, are disadvantaged for longevity [27].
• When pigs were challenged with an equal mixture of the hilA mutant and wild type bacteria, the hilA mutant was at a competitive disadvantaged (attenuated) in pigs inoculated orally but not in intraperitoneally inoculated pigs [28].
• Performance scores on the CATM were higher than on the RCPM, especially in comparison to the B8-B12 items--differences reach a peak of 61% and 67% for the disadvantaged and regular groups, respectively [29].
• Among both men and women with epilepsy, those with partial onset and early age at onset (< 10 years) were more reproductively disadvantaged than those with generalized onset and later age at onset [30].
• However, supermarkets have opened or remained open close to middle-income neighborhoods that have transitioned from White to African American. Development of economically disadvantaged African American neighborhoods is critical to effectively prevent diet-related diseases among this population [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Vulnerable Populations

• The 4 children with sensorineural hearing impairments had had significantly higher maximum concentrations of bilirubin in the newborn period (median 167 mumol/L vs 138 mumol/L and had required more intensive care; at 8 years of age they were significantly disadvantaged in verbal ability [32].
• We also found that the most vulnerable population following axotomy were those sensory neurones which constitutively express the highest levels of p75NTR, i.e. the large-diameter neurones [33].
• To accurately establish the place of this and other AEDs in treating elderly patients with epilepsy, well designed clinical trials are urgently required in this vulnerable population [34].
• Steroid, coagulapathy, and immunotherapy, as well as other new treatments, are worth investigating and pursuing in these times of increased risk to certain vulnerable populations of people [35].

References