Disease relevance of Mandibular Nerve

• Antiserum to proctolin stains numerous axons with beaded endings that run along the fibres of the closer muscles and, in addition, the antiserum stains a number of cell bodies in the suboesophageal ganglion, some of which have axons in the mandibular nerve that innervates the mandibular musculature [1].
• Effect of dexamethasone and dipyrone on lingual and inferior alveolar nerve hypersensitivity following third molar extractions: preliminary report [2].
• We examine the feasibility of continuous mandibular nerve block with 0.25% bupivacaine top-ups using a catheter for intraoperative and postoperative pain relief in two patients with a fracture of the mandible [3].
• OBJECTIVE: Intraoral monocortical miniplate fixation of mandibular fractures provides simultaneous visualization of the fracture and occlusal relation, while almost eliminating external incisions and potential compromise of the marginal mandibular nerve [4].
• Anesthetic efficacy of articaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with irreversible pulpitis [5].

High impact information on Mandibular Nerve

• Induction of Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis and upper cervical cord following noxious and non-noxious mechanical stimulation of the whisker pad of the rat with an inferior alveolar nerve transection [6].
• Trigeminal ganglion neuronal activity and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity after inferior alveolar nerve crush in the adult rat [7].
• These results are discussed in the light of recent clinical reports finding no differences in the effectiveness between 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine regarding the inferior alveolar nerve block [8].
• The effect of substance P on the spontaneous discharge from injured inferior alveolar nerve fibres in the ferret [9].
• Impulses in 45 single mechanoreceptive afferents were recorded from the human inferior alveolar nerve with permucosally inserted tungsten microelectrodes [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mandibular Nerve

• Streptomycin sulphate dissolved in 2% lidocaine solution was deposited adjacent to peripheral branches of maxillary or mandibular nerves in 20 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia [11].
• Seventy-two emergency patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis of a mandibular posterior tooth randomly received, in a double-blind manner, 2.2 ml of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine or 2.2 ml of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine using a conventional inferior alveolar nerve block [5].
• Paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve caused by Hydron: a case report [12].

Biological context of Mandibular Nerve

• Capsaicin pretreatment performed neonatally or at adult age causes a loss of SP-immunoreactive fibres and prevents the vasodilatory responses, as well as the increase in vascular permeability elicited by the antidromic stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve [13].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anesthesia of the infraorbital and inferior alveolar nerves abolishes reflex-evoked muscle action potentials (REMP) during tooth-pulp stimulation in halothane-anesthetized cats [14].
• Anesthetic efficacy and heart rate effects of the intraosseous injection of 3% mepivacaine after an inferior alveolar nerve block [15].

Anatomical context of Mandibular Nerve

• We here study the effect of chronic axotomy of the inferior alveolar nerve on the expression of SNS/PN3 mRNA in trigeminal sensory neurons [16].
• We show that SNS/PN3 mRNA is down-regulated in small-sized trigeminal ganglion neurons following inferior alveolar nerve injury but that, in contrast to the persistent loss of SNS/PN3 mRNA seen in dorsal root ganglion neurons following sciatic nerve injury, the levels of SNS/PN3 mRNA appear to normalize within a few weeks [16].
• Anaesthetised rats were perfused through the aorta with physiological solutions containing lanthanum nitrate at 37 degrees C. Pieces of inferior alveolar nerve and segments of mandibular incisors were immersion-fixed and transverse sections were examined electron microscopically for the distribution of lanthanum [17].
• Thirty six patients (12 male), mean (range) age 25.7 (18-40) years received an injection of 2% lignocaine 2 ml with 1:200,000 adrenaline around the inferior alveolar nerve and tissues adjacent to the third molar tooth on one side and of normal saline 2 ml in a similar fashion to the other side [18].
• The effects of the convulsants strychnine, bicuculline, picrotoxin and L-allylglycine on the transsynaptic destruction of medullary dorsal horn neurons were examined following transection of the inferior alveolar nerve in adult rats [19].

Associations of Mandibular Nerve with chemical compounds

• The same afferent axons appear to be involved in the two effects, as indicated by the intensity function, the electrical excitability, the afferent conduction velocity and the lack of differential effect of Xylocaine infiltration of the inferior alveolar nerve [20].
• Patients were allocated randomly to one of two groups: group B (n = 20) received bupivacaine up to 2 mg kg-1, infiltrated around the inferior alveolar nerves bilaterally, and group K (n = 20) received ketorolac 10 mg i.v. at the start of surgery [21].
• Proportion of unmyelinated axons in the rat inferior alveolar nerve and mandibular molar pulps after neonatal administration of capsaicin [22].
• RESULTS: Patients who received only dipyrone had significantly reduced lingual and inferior alveolar nerve electrical detection thresholds 2 days after surgery, which returned to nearly baseline values by the eighth day postoperatively [2].
• Strychnine and L-allylglycine but not bicuculline and picrotoxin induce transsynaptic degeneration following transection of the inferior alveolar nerve in adult rats [19].

Gene context of Mandibular Nerve

• The involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the regeneration of periodontal Ruffini endings following transection of the inferior alveolar nerve [23].
• By immunohistochemical staining at embryonic day (E) 9.5, MyoD1 and myogenin have been expressed in the mandibular arch, into which the mandibular nerve had not yet extended [24].
• An immunoelectron microscopic method indicated that these endings were identical to Ruffini-like endings, 4% of trigeminal neurons retrogradely labeled from the inferior alveolar nerve coexpressed CR- and parvalbumin-irs [25].
• One week following inferior alveolar nerve injury there was a dramatic decrease in the level of TrkB-like immunoreactivity labelling in the pulp, which paralleled an increase in the expression of Schwann cell low affinity neurotrophin receptor-like immunoreactivity [26].
• These results would suggest that tactile hypersensitivity develops after inferior alveolar nerve injury and that NMDA receptor/NOS/NO production pathways in the SpVc may be involved in the development of such pathophysiological states [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mandibular Nerve

• Electronic thermography was used to evaluate the alterations in facial thermal patterns attendant to a conduction defect of the inferior alveolar nerve induced in 12 subjects using 2% lidocaine [28].
• The effects of peripheral axotomy of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) on the presence and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity (IR) in the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex (TSNC) and trigeminal ganglion were investigated in the rat by immunohistochemistry [29].
• Regeneration of primary afferents and the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the lingual periodontal ligament of the rat incisor were examined following different types of injury (resection or crush) of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) combined with superior cervical ganglionectomy [30].
• Electrical stimulation of the distal end of the cut inferior alveolar nerve after alpha-adrenoceptor blockade (phentolamine, 3 mg/kg) consistently resulted in a rapid increase in disappearance rate [31].
• First, pain control using 1% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine administered intermittently or continuously through an indwelling catheter in the mandibular nerve was performed for 1 week to estimate the amount of pain relief thereby obtained [32].

References