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MeSH Review

Neurons, Afferent

 
 
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Disease relevance of Neurons, Afferent

 

Psychiatry related information on Neurons, Afferent

  • Major new insights are: Olfaction is accomplished in vertebrates by a very large number of receptors; olfactory sensory neurons express a small subset of the OR repertoire; in rat and mouse, axons of neurons expressing the same OR converge onto defined glomeruli in the olfactory bulb [6].
  • Neurotrophin receptors (the receptor tyrosine kinases, Trks) mark the major classes of these sensory neurons: TrkA is expressed in neurons that sense temperature and noxious stimuli, and TrkC is expressed in proprioceptive neurons that sense body position [7].
  • Previous work has indicated that capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons are involved in gastric mucosal defense mechanisms [8].
  • As a test for the putative hyperalgesic function of peripheral sensory nerve opiate receptors, neonatal rats were treated with capsaicin (50 mg/kg s.c.) to destroy specifically the subpopulation of primary sensory neurons on which the peripheral opiate receptors are thought to be located, without markedly altering pain thresholds [9].
  • Because gastric mucosal leptin is secreted in response to ingestion of a meal, we hypothesized that it might contribute to satiation (meal termination) by acting on gastrointestinal vagal afferent neurons [10].
 

High impact information on Neurons, Afferent

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Neurons, Afferent

 

Biological context of Neurons, Afferent

 

Anatomical context of Neurons, Afferent

 

Associations of Neurons, Afferent with chemical compounds

  • It is found in a subset of nociceptive sensory neurons where it is coexpressed with TRPV1/VR1 (the capsaicin/heat receptor) but not TRPM8 [30].
  • Repeated pulses of 5-HT applied to the cell body of the sensory neuron produce a CREB-dependent, cell-wide facilitation, which, unlike synapse-specific facilitation, is not associated with growth and does not persist beyond 48 hr [26].
  • Consistent with the expression of ANKTM1, we identify noxious cold-sensitive sensory neurons that also respond to capsaicin but not to menthol [30].
  • Substance P is the best characterized of the peptides present in sensory neurons and has been shown to depolarize dorsal horn neurons and to facilitate nociceptive reflexes [31].
  • Ionotropic receptors for the inhibitory amino acid GABA, expressed on the presynaptic terminals of crustacean motor axons and vertebrate sensory neurons, were the first well-defined mechanism for the heterosynaptic transmitter-mediated regulation of transmitter release [32].
 

Gene context of Neurons, Afferent

  • Sensory neurons that depend for survival on one or more members of the nerve growth factor family of neurotrophic factors (nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3) were rescued by bcl-2, whereas ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)-dependent ciliary neurons were not [33].
  • Sensory neurons, however, became refractory to bcl-2 after exposure to CNTF [33].
  • The cloned capsaicin receptor, also known as the vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1), is a heat-gated ion channel that has been proposed to mediate responses of small-diameter sensory neurons to moderate (43 degrees C) thermal stimuli [34].
  • Recombinant purified NT-6 has a spectrum of actions similar to NGF on chick sympathetic and sensory neurons, albeit with a lower potency [35].
  • In mice lacking both NT4 and BDNF, facial neurons remained unaffected, whereas the loss of sensory neurons was more severe than with either mutation alone [36].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Neurons, Afferent

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