Disease relevance of Erymax

• Conversely, a set of intravenous injections of 7,8,12-trimethylbenz[a]anthracene specifically elicited erythro-leukemia in high incidence in the rats, whereas myelogenous leukemia was not produced [1].
• Several derivatives of erythro-beta-hydroxy-DL-aspartic acid (1) were prepared as a potential inhibitors of L-asparagine synthetase (ASase) from rat Novikoff hepatoma [2].
• While the fluorine-containing erythro isomer, 5, was inactive, the threo isomers, 2'-F-dd-ara-A (3) and 2'-F-dd-ara-I (4), were just as potent and active in protecting CD4+ ATH8 cells from the cytopathogenic effects of HIV-1 as the parent drugs [3].
• N-Ethyl and N,N'-diethyl derivatives (erythro- and threo-2-PtCl2; meso- and D,L-3-PtCl2) of [meso- and [D,L-1,2-bis(2,6-difluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II) (meso- and D,L-1-PtCl2) were synthesized and tested for cytotoxicity on the estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line [4].
• The threo forms (azido "up") of AZU and AZT were less active inhibitors of HIV replication than the erythro forms (azido "down") [5].

High impact information on Erymax

• GAP antisense treatment inhibited colony formation from normal myelo-, erythro-, and megakaryopoietic progenitor cells as well as from CML progenitor cells [6].
• Finally, in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells towards the erythro/megakaryocytic pathways showed that the TAL-1 target gene expression followed TAL-1 and GATA-1 expression [7].
• The neoR gene driven by the SV40 early promoter confers G418 resistance to human fibroblasts and K562 human erythro-leukemia cells transformed with these viruses [8].
• On the basis of the deduced amino acid sequences and compositions and the mol. wts. of their encoded glycoproteins, the genes, dlec1 and dlec2, are predicted to encode erythro- and leucoagglutinating phytohemagglutinins (PHA-E and PHA-L), respectively [9].
• We have studied a number of these and report the presence of erythro-beta-hydroxyasparagine (e-beta Hyn) in three non-vitamin K-dependent proteins: the plasma complement proteins C1r and C1s (where overbar indicates activated form) and the urinary protein uromodulin [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Erymax

• Effects of the chiral isomers of erythro- and threo-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine on purine metabolism in sarcoma 180 cells [11].
• 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine triphosphate (erythro) and its threo isomer were synthesized and investigated for their inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase from virus isolate U 937/HTLV-III [12].
• The erythro version of 1, 4,-dimercapto-2, 3,-butanediol provided a significant protection against experimental gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin, while it was ineffective in stress ulcer of rats [13].
• Carboplatin injected intravenously in a maximum permissible dose to Wistar rats inhibited erythro- and granulocytopoiesis in the bone marrow, caused hyporegenerative anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia in the peripheral blood, led to hypoplasia of the thymus and spleen, and produced moderate apoptosis-inducing effects [14].

Biological context of Erymax

• Free threo- and erythro-beta-hydroxytryptophan, hitherto undescribed tryptophan derivatives, were isolated after enzymatic hydrolysis, identified, and characterized [15].
• Structural requirements for inhibition of the oxidative burst include a long aliphatic chain and an amino-containing head-group, and there is modest specificity for the native (erythro) isomer of sphinganine [16].
• Using primer extension analysis, we identified two distinct transcriptional start sites, which were located 2 base pairs apart in anemic spleens, fetal liver, Friend-induced tumoral spleens, and mouse erythro-leukemia cells [17].
• To conclude, haematological recovery in early alcohol abstinence appears to be, at least in part, growth factor-driven, involving both TPO and EPO, and may reflect an intense interaction of erythro- and thrombopoiesis [18].
• Esterification of 5a to the beta-methyl ester 6, followed by aminolysis, yielded erythro-beta-fluoroasparagine (7) [19].

Anatomical context of Erymax

• Expression of erythro-specific chick genes was studied in heterokaryons prepared by fusing chick erythrocytes (CE) with rat myoblasts [20].
• First, erythro/megakaryoblastic MEG 01, UT7, M-O7e and CHRF 288-11 cell lines, platelets and thrombopoietin-induced UT7-Mpl cells were selected for the study of SERCA2b and SERCA3 proteins by Western blotting using the antibodies IID8 and PL/IM430, respectively [21].
• The erythro isomer 2 was a more potent beta-adrenoceptor stimulant than the threo isomer 3 in guinea pig atrial, guinea pig tracheal, and rat adipocyte preparations [22].
• Furthermore, this second messenger also stimulates Ca(2+) transport in inside-out plasma-membrane vesicles from erythro cytes [23].
• There is a marked increase in blood flow to rat bone marrow during increased erythro- or granulopoiesis [24].

Associations of Erymax with other chemical compounds

• The high specificities of Phaseolus vulgaris erythro- and leukoagglutinating lectins for bisecting GlcNAc or beta 1-6-linked branch structures, respectively, are attributable to loop B [25].
• Both isomers were substrates: the threo isomer was decarboxylated into optically active 4-amino-3-fluorobutyrate, whereas the erythro isomer lost the fluorine atom during the reaction, yielding succinic semialdehyde after hydrolysis of the unstable intermediate enamine [26].
• Phosphorylation of a p18 substrate required higher concentrations of sphingosine (20-100 microM) and showed a significant preference for the erythro isomers of sphingosine and dihydrosphingosine over the threo isomers [27].
• dl-alpha-tocopherol, a potent inhibitor of phorbol ester induced shape change of erythro- and megakaryoblastic leukemia cells [28].
• The rank order of potency for agonists in trachea was threo-alpha-methylTMQ greater than (+/-)-TMQ greater than ISO greater than erythro-alpha-methylTMQ greater than N-methylTMQ greater than alpha-dimethylTMQ [29].

Gene context of Erymax

• Here we use HEL cells (a human erythro-leukemia cell line) as a model to elucidate the pathway of signal transduction in the EPO-induced HEL cells [30].
• In this study, we examined the promoter elements governing constitutive expression of the human ODC gene in HCT 116 human colon carcinoma cells and, for comparison, K562 human erythro-leukemia cells [31].
• The nucleotide sequence of the entire coding regions shows that this clone, designated Plk1(polo like kinase 1), is identical with STPK13 previously cloned from murine erythro-leukemia cells [32].
• We have isolated two types of human P2Y1 cDNA clones from the human erythro leukemia cell cDNA library [33].
• Protein S also contains erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid (Hya) [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Erymax

• For each protein, e-beta Hyn was identified in enzyme digests following the initial observation of erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid (e-beta Hya) in acid hydrolysates of the proteins. e beta Hya and e-beta Hyn residues are detected by a postcolumn derivatization cation-exchange HPLC method herein described [10].
• For the synthesis of the beta-MePhe-containing analogues 6-9, crystallization was used to separate a mixture of all four isomers of beta-MePhe into the erythro pair of enantiomers (2S,3S, 2R,3R) and the threo pair of enantiomers (2S,3R, 2R,3S), which were then converted to Fmoc derivatives and used in two separate syntheses [35].
• Separation of erythro and threo forms of alkane-2,3-diols from the uropygial gland of the quail by glass capillary column gas chromatography [36].
• Using erythrocytes as a marker, a simple erythro-adsorption procedure, possibly followed by hemolysis, has been developed which allowed the titration of antigens and antibodies to be carried out with a sensitivity at least equal to enzyme or radioimmunoassays [37].
• A higher number of these cells is related with graft size, an earlier independence for platelet transfusion and a more extended regeneration of erythro- and megakaryopoiesis [38].

References