Disease relevance of Platelet Transfusion

• Recombinant human thrombopoietin attenuates carboplatin-induced severe thrombocytopenia and the need for platelet transfusions in patients with gynecologic cancer [1].
• The major toxicity of low-dose cytosine arabinoside is myelosuppression, and most patients required platelet transfusion support and administration of antibiotics [2].
• Autoimmune thrombocytopenia can be a serious manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which necessitates treatment with immunosuppressive agents and platelet transfusions [3].
• After treatment with heparin and platelet transfusions, the patient underwent successful resection of a large ovarian cyst with excellent hemostasis during the procedure [4].
• Hepatotoxicity (liver enzymes), nephrotoxicity (creatinine), duration of neutropenia, and platelet transfusions were similar in both protocols [5].

High impact information on Platelet Transfusion

• Acute haemolysis after ABO-incompatible platelet transfusions [6].
• It seems reasonable to anticipate successful patient support with a patient management isolator and treatment with platelet transfusions, fresh frozen plasma, and possibly prostacyclin when haemostasis is defective during this otherwise self-limiting illness [7].
• High-dose cyclophosphamide was well tolerated; median times to a neutrophil count of 0.5 x 10(9) cells/L and platelet transfusion independence were 17 and 16 days, respectively [8].
• The decreased cytokine production in the thrombocytopenic mice was restored with platelet transfusion [9].
• Platelet refractoriness was associated with lymphocytotoxic antibody positivity, heparin administration, fever, bleeding, increasing number of platelet transfusions, increasing weight, at least 2 pregnancies, and male gender [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Platelet Transfusion

• Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia requiring platelet transfusions were performed on the cohort of the 1,051 patients (CLB 1996) treated with chemotherapy in the Department of Medicine of the Centre Léon Bérard (CLB) in 1996 [11].
• Records of 11 patients with immune thrombocytopenia (idiopathic and quinidine-induced) were evaluated retrospectively for response to platelet transfusion [12].
• BACKGROUND: Threonine145/methionine145 dimorphism in platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib alpha defines the human platelet antigen (HPA)-2 system that has been implicated in refractoriness to HLA-matched platelet transfusion and in neonatal immune thrombocytopenic purpura [13].
• A controlled, randomized, double-blind study was performed to assess the effect of the oral antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid in patients with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia as regards their need for platelet transfusions and the number of bleeding episodes experienced [14].
• Combination chemotherapy has a favorable risk/benefit ratio for patients with advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma, including patients with severe debilitation, if supportive care such as hospitalization, parenteral antibiotics, and platelet transfusions are available [15].

Biological context of Platelet Transfusion

• Platelet counts ranged between less than 3 and 20 x 10(9)/L for 2 weeks despite cessation of pentamidine, platelet transfusions, high-dose intravenous IgG, and 2 mg/kg/d prednisone [16].
• ABO-mismatched platelet transfusions and clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery [17].
• The mean hematocrits, platelet counts, and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations on admission were similar in all periods, as were the mean length of hospital stay and the proportions of patients requiring erythrocyte and/or platelet transfusions and dialysis [18].
• Immune responsiveness against allogeneic platelet transfusions is determined by the recipient's major histocompatibility complex class II phenotype [19].
• Erythropoiesis was not significantly influenced by GM-CSF, whereas patients with GM-CSF therapy showed a longer thrombocytopenia without requiring more platelet transfusions [20].

Anatomical context of Platelet Transfusion

• The same number of red blood cells, platelet transfusions, and posttransplant G-CSF doses were required in the two groups of patients [21].
• A median of 2 platelet transfusions was required for stem cell mobilization, intravenous catheter insertion, and apheresis and a median of 9 platelet transfusions was required during hematopoietic recovery [22].
• Chronic anemia due to parvovirus B19 infection in a bone marrow transplant patient after platelet transfusion [23].
• To better define the role of T-cells in alloimmunization, we induced purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency in a dog platelet transfusion model [24].
• G-CSF (10 microg/kg) was started on day +1 and all patients engrafted within a median day number of 12 (range, 10-22) until leukocytes >1.0 x 10(9)/l and a median day number of 56 (range, 10-180) until platelets >20.0 x 10(9)/l (ie platelet transfusion independence) [25].

Associations of Platelet Transfusion with chemical compounds

• Genetic and structural characterization of an amino acid dimorphism in glycoprotein Ib alpha involved in platelet transfusion refractoriness [26].
• Requirements for blood and platelet transfusions, antibiotic use, and parenteral nutrition were similar in the three patient groups [27].
• The use of radiolabeled and fluorescein-labeled antiglobulins in assays to predict platelet transfusion outcome [28].
• The average number of platelet transfusions (12 v 29; P = .017) and days of antibiotic therapy (28 v 40; P = .012) were significantly less for patients whose marrow was exposed to amifostine + 4-HC, compared with 4-HC alone [29].
• Altered platelet function and circulation induced by amphotericin B in leukemic patients after platelet transfusion [30].

Gene context of Platelet Transfusion

• HLA-A- and HLA-B-compatible platelet transfusions were successful in boosting platelet levels with 82 of the patients [31].
• Platelet transfusion refractoriness caused by a mismatch in HLA-C antigens [31].
• High M-CSF and IL-6 levels were associated with increased platelet transfusion requirements [32].
• In a randomized phase II trial, IL-11 at 50 micrograms/kg reduced the requirement for platelet transfusions as compared with that in placebotreated controls [33].
• Comparing patients who received > to those who received < the threshold dose(s), only CD34+ /CD38- lost its significance for neutrophil engraftment; and only CD34+ /CD61+ retained its significance for platelet engraftment (P = 0.03); furthermore, the former group required significantly fewer platelet transfusions (P = 0.018) [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Platelet Transfusion

• Treatment with plasma and platelet transfusions as well as plasmapheresis induced definite but transient elevation of FV:C [35].
• CD36 (Naka) sensitization with platelet-transfusion refractoriness in a liver transplant recipient [36].
• Analysis of sera from recipients of multiple platelet transfusions revealed that 47/78 (60.2%) were positive by platelet immunofluorescence [37].
• While thromboelastography was of no help in assessing the degree of anticoagulation, the effects of platelet transfusion were reflected by adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine aggregometry [38].
• For those rare children with organ- or life-threatening hemorrhage (e.g., intracranial hemorrhage) multimodality therapy including platelet transfusion, IV high-dose methylprednisone (30 mg/kg, maximum 1 g) and IVIG (1 g/kg) is indicated with consideration of emergency splenectomy [39].

References