Disease relevance of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Cloning and characterization of lin genes responsible for the degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers by Sphingomonas paucimobilis strain B90 [1].
• Risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and exposure to hexachlorocyclohexane, a nested case-control study [2].
• Anaerobic dechlorination and degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers by anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria [3].
• More recently, other classes of drugs, including isotretinoin and hexachlorocyclohexane, have proven to be effective in dermatologic manifestations of rosacea, but effects on ocular manifestations are unknown [4].
• We have recently demonstrated by patch clamp experiments that the four isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-HCH insecticides, modulated the kinetics of the GABAA receptor-chloride channel complex of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons [5].

High impact information on Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Reversible activation of the neutrophil superoxide generating system by hexachlorocyclohexane: correlation with effects on a subcellular superoxide-generating fraction [6].
• Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol synthase and other membrane-associated enzymes by stereoisomers of hexachlorocyclohexane [7].
• At concentrations that stimulate hepatocyte DNA synthesis, some liver tumor promoters phenobarbital (PB) and HCH, were found to cause a rapid rise pH(i) in isolated hepatocytes which was sensitive to amiloride and its analogues [8].
• HCH was shown to increase total DNA, total numbers of nuclei and numbers of cells undergoing mitosis per culture [9].
• Comparative formation of chlorophenol metabolites from hexachlorocyclohexane in mouse and rat in vivo and in vitro [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Fat samples of 48 patients, 18 of whom had undescended testes, were examined by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for DDT and metabolites, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), toxaphenes, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), chlorinated cyclodienes and chlorinated benzenes [11].
• The effects of protein deprivation and 60 mg hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)/kg or 500 mg malathion/kg body weight were studied in pregnant rats fed a diet containing 16% (control) or 5% (protein-deficient) casein throughout gestation [12].
• Strychnine (n = 11) and aldicarb (n = 10) were the most usual toxic agents in baits prepared for intentional poisonings; other cases involved pentachlorophenol, hexachlorocyclohexane or anticoagulant rodenticides [13].
• Effect of vitamin A on hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) toxicity in the rat [14].
• Effect of nutrients on the toxicity of pesticides carbofuran and hexachlorocyclohexane to blue-green alga Nostoc muscorum [15].

Biological context of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Dynamics of multiple lin gene expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in response to different hexachlorocyclohexane isomers [16].
• Distribution and phylogeny of hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacteria in soils from Spain [17].
• Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) has been used extensively against agricultural pests and in public health programs for the control of mosquitoes [1].
• Microarray technology was used to characterize and compare hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) contaminated soils from Spain. A library of 2,290 hypervariable 16S rRNA gene sequences was prepared with serial analysis of ribosomal sequence tags (SARST) from a composite of contaminated and uncontaminated soils [18].
• This study addressed the very limited understanding of the distribution, diversity and substrate specificity of such bacteria from 13 soil samples, varying in levels of HCH contamination, from four sites in Spain. Hexachlorocyclohexane removal occurred in 16 of 36 enrichment cultures [17].

Anatomical context of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Effects of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers on the mitogenic response of bovine lymphocytes [19].
• The interactions of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers with human gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes [20].
• Hexachlorocyclohexane pesticides reduce survival and alter plasma membrane structure of Chinese hamster V79 cells [21].
• Oxidative transformation of hexachlorocyclohexane in rats and with rat liver microsomes [22].
• Effect of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers on calmodulin mRNA expression in the central nervous system [23].

Associations of Hexachlorocyclohexane with other chemical compounds

• The promoting action of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was evaluated in female Wistar rats by counting the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive foci which appeared in the liver after diethylnitrosamine (DENA) initiation [24].
• Ten PCB congeners, five DDT isomers, hexachlorobenzene, three hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, trans-nonachlor and oxychlordane were analyzed by gas chromatography [25].
• Concentrations of persistent organochlorines (OCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), and chlordane compounds (CHLs) were determined in whole body soft tissue homogenates and in muscles of resident and migratory birds collected from Lake Baikal, Russia [26].
• Concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers (alpha, beta, and gamma) and enantiomer fractions (EFs) of alpha-HCH were determined in the Northwater Polynya Arctic marine food web [27].
• PFOS was the major contaminant detected in most samples and in polar bear liver was the most prominent organohalogen (mean PFOS = 3.1 microg/g wet weight) compared to individual polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, chlordane, or hexachlorocyclohexane-related chemicals in fat [28].

Gene context of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• The binding of [3H]5 alpha-DHT to ABP was inhibited 70% by the delta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane, but the gamma-isomer did not reduce binding significantly [29].
• Gestational exposure to 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight (m.b.w.) hexachlorocyclohexane throughout the gestation period was done to Swiss albino mice [30].
• The pesticide elicited a significant decrease in the activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive superoxide dismutase (SOD) after 7 and 30 days of HCH treatment, but failed to evoke any change in CN(-)-resistant SOD [31].
• When the rats were treated with hexachlorocyclohexane during critical stages of testicular development (6th-30th day) and responses were evaluated on the 46th day of age, elevations in the levels of testicular lipid peroxidation and H2O2 along with reduction in levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbic acid were observed [32].
• The gamma-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (BHC) was much more potent in inhibiting this [35S]TBPS binding and the inhibition was competitive (Ki = 40 nM) [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hexachlorocyclohexane

• Using hexachlorocyclohexane (BHC) as a model histopathological, histoenzymological, biochemical, and electrophoretic studies were undertaken to find out certain parameters for early diagnosis of liver cancer [34].
• An anaerobic coculture was enriched from a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) polluted soil [35].
• Effect of repeated oral administration of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH; 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight per day for 7, 15 and 30 days) on antioxidant defence system and lipid peroxidation (LPX) in the testis was compared between immature (15-day-old) and mature (90-day-old) rats [36].
• The tissue distribution of the alpha-, beta- and gamma-isomers of 14C-labelled hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in pregnant mice was studied by whole-body and light microscopic autoradiography [37].
• Tilapia were dosed by intraperitoneal injection for 5 consecutive days with either 20 or 40 mg/kg of the environmental contaminant hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) [38].

References