Disease relevance of Oleth-7

• The use of aqueous Emulphor emulsions appears more appropriate in acute toxicity studies of VOC drinking water contaminants such as CCl4, in that the emulsion did not substantially alter the toxicity of CCl4 from that of undiluted CCl4 or CCl4 ingested in water [1].
• Ninety-day-old male Fischer 344 rats were gavaged with either 0.125, 0.1875, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, or 1.5 mmol CHCl3 or BDCM/kg body weight in 10% Alkamuls EL-620 (5 ml/kg body weight) [2].
• Thrombocytopenia occurred in Emulphor-treated dogs but increased platelet counts occurred in Cremophor-treated dogs [3].

High impact information on Oleth-7

• Anti-CD28 stimulation of in vitro kinase activity was detergent-dependent, occurring in immune complexes prepared with Brij 96 but not Nonidet P-40 [4].
• In this study, we reveal that in Brij 96-based cell lysates, anti-CD5 antibodies coprecipitated TCR zeta chain (TCR zeta)/CD3 subunits as well as the protein-tyrosine kinases p56lck and p59fyn [5].
• Only CD9 is coprecipitated with CD36 from platelets that were solubilized in Brij 96 [6].
• We performed immunoprecipitation of the porcine FcgammaRIIIaalpha multisubunit complex from Brij 96 lysates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes using the G7 mAb, which binds to FcgammaRIIIaalpha on the surface of porcine NK cells and phagocytes [7].
• CD5 and CD6 co-immunoprecipitate from Brij 96 but not Nonidet P-40 cell lysates, independently of both the co-expression of other lymphocyte surface receptors and the integrity of CD5 cytoplasmic region [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Oleth-7

• Groups of 6 male Wistar rats, of about 400 g body weight, were dosed with 14C-labeled pyrene, dissolved in an Emulphor/water solvent vehicle, at 5 different dose levels by the intravenous or oral routes [9].

Biological context of Oleth-7

• The use of aqueous Emulphor emulsions appears appropriate in studies of VOC contaminants of drinking water, in that the emulsion did not substantially alter the pharmacokinetics or hepatotoxicity of CCl4 from that ingested in water [10].
• This study focused on a series of well-known compounds that are often used as skin penetration enhancers; namely, ethanol, propylene glycol, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and Brij 96 [11].
• The method is based on a long-range quenching of tryptophan fluorescence by energy transfer to a pyrene-labeled phospholipid probe incorporated into micelles of Brij 96 [12].
• The effect of nonionic surfactant Brij 97 on transport kinetics of these model drugs were determined by authors elsewhere [13].
• In separate assays, bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were administered by gavage to Fischer-344 rats on gestation days (GD) 6-15 at 0, 25, 50, or 75 mg/kg/day in either corn oil or an aqueous vehicle containing 10% Emulphor EL-620 [14].

Anatomical context of Oleth-7

• The 6H1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) indirectly coprecipitated alpha 3 beta 1 and/or alpha 6 beta 1, but not alpha 2 beta 1, or alpha 5 beta 1 from Brij 96 detergent lysates of multiple cell lines [15].
• Most of the lipopolysaccharide was selectively removed from the membranes by treatment with the nonionic detergent Brij-96 [16].
• Brij 96 DIGs floated to a lower density than other detergents tested, possibly representing a subpopulation of DIGs in myelin [17].
• Phosphatidylinositol anchors give cell membrane insertion, self-aggregation and detergent (Triton X-100, Brij 97) interaction [18].
• In this paper, we present a multi-compartmental description of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract linked to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) model to describe the complex oral uptake of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administered in corn oil and 0.25% Emulphor [19].

Associations of Oleth-7 with other chemical compounds

• Platelets were solubilized in 1% Triton X-100, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS), Brij 96, or Brij 99, and the proteins that coprecipitated with CD36 were identified by peptide mass spectrometry and Western blotting [6].
• Of 48 detergents tested, optimal crystallization was obtained with Brij 36T, Brij 56, and Brij 96 at a detergent:protein weight ratio of 4:1 and with octaethylene glycol dodecyl ether at a ratio of 2:1 [20].
• Polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight, 40,000) and polyoxyethylated vegetable oil (Emulphor 620) increased the water solubility of ellipticine and the yield of hydroxylated metabolites [21].
• Using as examples gamma-glutamyltransferase (in AOT reversed micelles in octane) and aminopeptidase (in Brij 96 reversed micelles in cyclohexane), the principal difference in the catalytic activity regulation of water-soluble and membrane forms is demonstrated [22].
• The lysates in Brij 96 of thymocytes treated with HgCl2 were separated into the supernatant and pellet fractions by simple centrifugation [23].

Gene context of Oleth-7

• A novel Ig superfamily protein, EWI-2, was co-purified with tetraspanin protein CD81 under relatively stringent Brij 96 detergent conditions and identified by mass spectrometric protein sequencing [24].
• This association of Lyn with receptor components was stable in the detergent Brij 96, but was readily disrupted by Nonidet P-40, suggesting the involvement of hydrophobic interactions in stabilizing formation of the Lyn-receptor complex [25].
• In moderately stringent Brij 96 lysis conditions, CD81 and CD9 complexes are virtually identical to each other, but clearly distinct from other TM4SF complexes [26].
• Analysis of the soluble fractions obtained from RPE in the gradients made with Brij 96 revealed 16.0S (asymmetric A12), 10.5-10.0S (globular G4H + G4A), 4.5S (G2A), and 3.0S (G1A) AChE forms in S1, whereas G4A, G2A, and G1A enzyme molecules predominated in S2 [27].
• We demonstrate that Brij-96 can selectively isolate the Pgp domains, separating them from the caveolar and classical lipid rafts [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Oleth-7

• The association was demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation, reimmunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting of surface-labeled cells lysed in Brij 96 detergent [29].
• Although the mechanism of triggering these events was redox-linked, the majority of proteins in the Brij 96-insoluble aggregates were dissociated in SDS-PAGE under nonreducing condition [23].
• Fasted 200- to 230-g male Sprague-Dawley rats with indwelling arterial cannulas received 25 mg CCl4/kg body wt by gavage: in corn oil; as an Emulphor aqueous emulsion; in water; and as pure undiluted chemical [10].
• The LD(50/30) for the Emulphor vehicle control group was 8.56 [30].
• Combined chemical and enzymatic stable isotope labeling for quantitative profiling of detergent-insoluble membrane proteins isolated using Triton X-100 and Brij-96 [31].

References