Disease relevance of cesium

• METHODS AND MATERIALS: On day 10 following intracranial inoculation of the 9L gliosarcoma, Fischer 344 rats were treated with radiation therapy (Cesium-137 source irradiator) and/or chemotherapy delivered either systemically (intraperitoneal or intravenous), or intracranially directly into the tumor in a volume of 5 microliters [1].
• BACKGROUND: To identify the most appropriate dose for the prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, the radiosensitivity of T cells has been determined in blood bags irradiated with X-rays produced by a linear accelerator and gamma rays derived from the cesium-137 source of a specific irradiator [2].
• Treatment results and side effects were analyzed for 57 patients with stage IB-IIIA cancer of the uterine cervix who received external beam radiotherapy combined with intracavitary insertion of cesium-137 sources [3].
• In the areas of low level but persistent cesium-137 (137Cs) radio-contamination, a unique atypical radiation-related urinary bladder cystitis named 'Chernobyl cystitis', a possible pre-neoplastic condition in humans, has been detected [4].
• A new technique of brachytherapy for malignant gliomas with caesium-137: a new method utilizing a remote afterloading system [5].

High impact information on cesium

• Mutation rate in the Mogilev families was correlated with the level of caesium-137 surface contamination, consistent with radiation induction of germline mutation [6].
• 8 patients with bone marrow failure after a caesium-137 radiation accident were treated with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rHuGM-CSF) [7].
• Model peptides containing arginine, histidine, and lysine were irradiated using white light from a synchrotron X-ray source or a cesium-137 gamma-ray source [8].
• We have previously shown that bladder urothelium of people living in the cesium-137 ((137)Cs)-contaminated areas of Ukraine demonstrates accumulation of stable p53 and p53 mutational inactivation, preferentially through G:C to A:T transition mutations at CpG dinucleotides, with a codon 245 hot spot [9].
• Two groups were chosen according to soil contamination by cesium-137 at former residences, as confirmed by our findings in a 137Cs body burden study [10].

Biological context of cesium

• Neuronal response to acetylcholine receptor activation was measured by a cation flux method at 4 degrees C in a high potassium-low sodium medium designed to stabilize membrane potential near zero, with acetylcholine as the agonist and cesium-137 as the tracer ion [11].
• All mice received acute whole-body gamma irradiation from a Cesium-137 source and the radioprotective efficacy of the formulation was determined by measuring 30-day survival at 9 Gy, bone marrow hemopoeitic progenitor cell survival at 9 Gy and 8 Gy, and intestinal crypt cell survival at 11 Gy [12].
• The yield of chromosome aberrations was studied in Go human peripheral blood lymphocytes following in vitro exposure to 100, 250 and 500 rad of caesium-137 gamma radiation [13].
• This study was designed for the histopathological, cellular and biochemical characterization of a skin lesion removed surgically from a young male several months after accidental exposure to cesium-137, with an emphasis on expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFB1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and the occurrence of apoptosis [14].
• Cesium-137 gamma rays were used to transform rat embryo cells (REC) which were first transfected with activated c-myc or c-Ha-ras oncogenes to produce immortal cell lines (REC:myc and REC:ras) [15].

Anatomical context of cesium

• Applicator for use of cesium-137 miniaturized tube sources in the treatment of uterine cervix cancer [16].
• Analysis of blood lymphocyte subsets in children living around Chernobyl exposed long-term to low doses of cesium-137 and various doses of iodine-131 [17].
• From September 1972 to September 1987, thirty-six patients with stage II carcinoma of the endometrium were treated with external-beam radiotherapy to the pelvis, a single intracavitary application of cesium-137, and extrafascial hysterectomy with adnexectomy [18].
• In this study a previously validated in vitro technique was used to measure the uptake of fatty acids (FA), fatty alcohols and cholesterol into the jejunum, ileum and colon of control rats and animals exposed to cesium-137 source irradiation applied to the abdomen [19].
• The purpose of our study was to assess whether gamma (gamma) radiation using a Caesium 137 source can induce specific ret rearrangements in a human thyroid epithelial cell culture model [20].

Associations of cesium with other chemical compounds

• Extensive studies carried out in the USA have shown that though somewhat expensive, ion-exchange treatment of milk in large-scale, automated plants can eliminate 90% or more of the radionuclides of concern, i.e. strontium-90, and iodine-131, and much of caesium-137 [21].
• Rats bearing intracerebral 9L/Ro tumors were treated with 10 daily fractions of cesium-137 gamma-rays, BCNU, or combinations of these to agents beginning on either Day 10 or Day 12 after implantation [22].
• Mutant quantity and quality in mammalian cells (AL) exposed to cesium-137 gamma radiation: effect of caffeine [23].
• Radiosensitivity was compared to acute Cobalt-60 radiation and low dose rate Cesium-137 under identical irradiation conditions [24].
• Three days after 600 rads from a cesium-137 source, there was a rise in the jejunal maximal transport rate (Jdm) and the apparent Michaelis constant (Km*) but a decline in the apparent passive permeability coefficient (Pd*) for glucose [25].

Gene context of cesium

• Nature of mutation in the human hprt gene following in vivo exposure to ionizing radiation of cesium-137 [26].
• In Newcastle, the Manchester technique was used until 1971, when a manually afterloaded system (MAS) using caesium 137 and two source trains was introduced [27].
• The usual measured transmission method using caesium-137 single-photon sources was used without (MTM) and with segmentation of the TX data (STM) [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cesium

• The results were compared with caesium-137 brachytherapy; both isotopes were given in combination with high-dose fractionated pelvic radiotherapy [29].
• Medium dose rate endobronchial radiotherapy with caesium-137 [30].
• DESIGN: A cohort study was focused on the fallout of caesium-137 in relation to cancer incidence 1988-1996 [31].
• Iodine-129 and caesium-137 in Chernobyl contaminated soil and their chemical fractionation [32].
• Immobilization of cesium-137 in cement-waste composites by addition of mineral zeolites [33].

References