Disease relevance of DMPS

• A heavy metal chelator, DMPS, was administered orally and parenterally in two phases of the toxicity study [1].
• Animals were divided into groups and given, i.p., either 0.27 mmol DMPS/kg body weight or saline, each day for 1, 2, 3 or 4 days [2].
• Arsenic excretion after treatment of arsenic poisoning with DMSA or DMPS in mice [3].
• The sodium salt of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS), a potent chelating agent used in the treatment of inorganic and organic heavy metal intoxications was evaluated for developmental toxicity in pregnant Swiss mice [4].
• DMPS (2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid) and penicillamine were used as chelating agents, and methylprednisolone pulse therapy was used to treat his pulmonary disease [5].

High impact information on DMPS

• To determine the influence of dental amalgams on the mercury body burden of humans, we have given volunteers, with and without amalgams in their mouth, the sodium salt of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS), a chelating agent safely used in the Soviet Union and West Germany for a number of years [6].
• At 0.5 M LiCl, the crystalline DMPS exhibits a bilayer gel leads to liquid crystal transition at 89 degrees C accompanied by a high enthalpy change, delta H = 16.0 kcal/mol [7].
• Light microscopy demonstrated that erythrocytes incubated with an equimolar mixture of DMPC-d54/DMPS or DMPC/DMPS-d54 remained mostly discocytic whereas cells incubated with either DMPC-d54 or DMPS-d54 alone became echinocytic or stomatocytic, respectively [8].
• The conformation of phosphatidylserine (DMPS) diluted in perdeuterated dodecylphosphocholine micelles (DPC) has been investigated by 1D and 2D proton NMR spectroscopy [9].
• Whereas incorporation of the anesthetic into DOPS bilayers does not affect significantly the structural and dynamic properties of the disordered acyl chains in the liquid-crystalline phase, it orders the DMPS acyl chains in the gel phase [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of DMPS

• In spite of this some of them (BAL, DMPS, DMSA, DMPA) could still have a useful role in reducing the toxicity of Po-210 [11].
• DMSA and DMPS were found to be effective in alleviating arsenate- and arsenite-induced teratogenesis, whereas BAL afforded only some protection against arsenic-induced embryo/fetal toxicity [12].
• In recent years, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), sodium 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonate (DMPS) and sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate (Tiron) have also shown to be effective to prevent against toxicity induced by a number of heavy metals [12].

Biological context of DMPS

• Neither the LD50 nor the ED50 values of each of the three forms of DMPS differ significantly when measured i.p. in mice [13].
• Moreover, arsenylation of the receptors prevented their reoxidation with dithio-bis(nitrobenzoic acid), was reversible with 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid, and protected the receptor from irreversible alkylation by bromoacetylcholine [14].
• Subsequent intravenous treatment with 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt was associated with arsenic diuresis, marked neuropathic improvement, and extubation [15].
• Obviously, the combined oral administration of DMPS + colestyramine markedly enhanced fecal excretion of As mobilized by DMPS i.p. It is suggested that interruption of enterohepatic circulation of As may be a valuable adjunct in the treatment of As poisoning [16].
• The sodium salt of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS), a water soluble metal complexing agent, was administered to four groups of pregnant Swiss mice at 0, 70, 210, and 630 mg/kg/day by two dosing schedules: gestation day 14 until birth (prenatal exposure), and gestation day 14 until postnatal day 21 (pre- and postnatal section) [17].

Anatomical context of DMPS

• Studies involving cadmium exposure have typically shown DMSA to be less effective than 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid, and this is possibly due to an inability of DMSA to cross cell membranes and bind intracellularly-bound metal ions [18].
• This article is a report on the effects of BAL and other dithiols, DMSA (meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) and DMPS (2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid), on [3H]glutamate release and uptake by rat brain synaptosomes and [3H]glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles [19].
• No increase in 73As excretion into the feces was observed after administration of DMPS and all adsorbents, compared to control animals [16].
• Pure DMPS polymer injected into subcutaneous tissues behaves in a specific and characteristic way [20].

Associations of DMPS with other chemical compounds

• Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopic studies of phosphatidylserine/cholesterol/Ca2+ complexes are reported using the synthetic phosphatidylserines (PS) 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (POPS), and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DMPS) [21].
• The model membrane systems studied were multilamellar aqueous dispersions of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DMPS) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS) in the absence and the presence of tetracaine at pH 5.5 and 9 [10].
• With increasing MgCl2 concentration, progressive conversion to a phase exhibiting a high melting (98 degrees C), high enthalpy (delta H congruent to 11.0 kcal/mol of DMPS) transition is observed [22].
• The in vitro evidence suggests that two molecules of DMPS are required to prevent the effects of one molecule of sodium arsenite [13].
• DMPS was released from the isolated DMPS-albumin complex after treatment with dithiothreitol, indicating that it was bound via a disulfide linkage [23].

Gene context of DMPS

• Protonated DPC, DMPC and DMPS were incorporated in deuterated micelles containing the PMP1 fragment for studying lipid-peptide interactions [24].
• The mercury excreted for 6 hr before and 6 hr after DMPS treatment was 113 micrograms +/- 26 and 5037 micrograms +/- 682 S.E.M. for the skin lotion makers; 16.2 micrograms +/- 3.4 and 1410 micrograms +/- 346 S.E.M. for the skin lotions users; and 0.49 micrograms +/- 0.11 and 18.4 micrograms +/- 7.1 S.E.M. for the controls, respectively [25].
• Treatment with DMPS also prevented mercury-induced IgG1 anti-nucleolar antibody synthesis and the development of mesangial IgG1 immune complex deposits in SJL mice [26].
• This Ca2+ response was prevented by the thiol reducing agents, 2-mercaptoethanol, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, dithiothreitol, 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS) and tris-(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), but slightly reduced by the antioxidant, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) [27].
• The present study evaluated the influence of BAL (2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol) and DMPS (sodium 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid), a water-soluble analogue of BAL, on arsenic-induced embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in the mouse [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DMPS

• Utilizing differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction, 1,2-dimyristoyl-L-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DMPS) was shown to form hydrated bilayer membrane structures exhibiting a gel leads to liquid crystalline transition at 39 degrees C (delta H = 7.2 kcal/mol) [7].
• Thus, Li+ induces an isothermal crystallization of DMPS bilayers, the hydrocarbon chains adopting a more ordered packing mode than the "hexagonal" arrangement of the gel state [7].
• Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to monitor the main transition (i.e., the gel-to-fluid phase transition) as a function of mole fraction DO (chi(DO)) in DMPC/DO, DMPS/DO, and [DMPC/DMPS (1:1, mol/mol)]/DO multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) [29].
• Fluorometric determination of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid and other dithiols by precolumn derivatization with bromobimane and column liquid chromatography [30].
• The urinary heavy metal excretion was determined in 501 infertile women after oral administration of the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS) [31].

References