Disease relevance of Dync1h1

• The polypeptide, designated P31, is composed of the major polypeptide of hepatitis B surface antigen (P22) and an additional, as yet unidentified, amino acid sequence [1].
• We present validation studies of SR-4554 as a noninvasive hypoxia marker detected by fluorine-19 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((19)F MRS) in the P22 carcinosarcoma, a tumor with clinically relevant hypoxia levels [2].
• Interestingly, hybridization of an orgA gene probe with a P22 chromosomal mapping library demonstrated that the orgA gene maps to a region on the chromosome between 57.5 and 60 min where other Salmonella invasion genes have been mapped [3].
• By a series of P22 transductions, the fkpA gene of S. typhimurium Copenhagen was replaced with the inactive fkpA1::omega-Cm gene from Escherichia coli, creating the mutant S. typhimurium KY32H1 [4].
• Immunoreactivity gradually disappeared from the OHCs starting at P10 and, at P22, only IHCs and ganglion neurons were positive [5].

High impact information on Dync1h1

• Replacement of the mviA allele of strain WB600 using P22 transductions of linked antibiotic cassettes cloned into the chromosome of virulent S. typhimurium strains (SR-11, TML, SL1344, C5, ATCC14028, W118-2, and WB600) showed that all but WB600 contained the avirulent mviA+ allele [6].
• However, molecules other than cDHC might mediate attachment of the Golgi complex and endosomes/lysosomes to microtubules [7].
• These results show that cDHC is essential for the formation and positioning of the Golgi complex [7].
• To elucidate the function of cytoplasmic dynein, we have produced mice lacking cDHC by gene targeting. cDHC-/- embryos were indistinguishable from cDHC+/-or cDHC+/+ littermates at the blastocyst stage [7].
• Brain dynein (MAP1C) localizes on both anterogradely and retrogradely transported membranous organelles in vivo [8].

Biological context of Dync1h1

• High-resolution map and imprinting analysis of the Gtl2-Dnchc1 domain on mouse chromosome 12 [9].
• Moreover, cDHC is required for cell proliferation and proper distribution of endosomes and lysosomes [7].
• Cytoplasmic dynein is the major retrograde transport molecular motor whose function is impaired in the Legs at odd angles (Loa) mouse due to a point mutation in the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain subunit [10].
• Here we show that missense point mutations in the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain result in progressive motor neuron degeneration in heterozygous mice, and in homozygotes this is accompanied by the formation of Lewy-like inclusion bodies, thus resembling key features of human pathology [11].
• The cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (HC) contains the microtubule binding and ATP binding sites for motor function, whereas the intermediate chain (IC) is implicated in the in vivo targeting of the HC [12].

Anatomical context of Dync1h1

• Subsequently, between P7 and P22, regional differences characteristic of mature hippocampus appeared-intense labeling of neurons in CA3 and CA1, and less in CA2 [13].
• In addition, expression of both cathepsin K and TRAP is increased significantly in osteoclasts cotransfected with Nox4/P22 [14].

Associations of Dync1h1 with chemical compounds

• (i) P22 synthesis is induced by putrescine but not cadaverine [15].
• We found that the NMDA PPR increased gradually (thus, a reduction in Pr) from postnatal day (P)4 to P22 but, unexpectedly, the AMPA PPR exhibited a simultaneous decrease [16].
• To define mechanisms, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected at P1 and mitotically labelled cells were assessed at P22: there was a twofold increase in BrdU-positive cells in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL), indicating that bFGF enhanced the generation of neurons, or neuronogenesis, from a cohort of precursors [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dync1h1

• Immunoelectroblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify non-cross-reacting antigenic components of Dracunculus medinensis and the filarial worms Onchocerca volvulus, Loa loa, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Mansonella ozzardi [18].
• Intraperitoneal injections of NoArg from P1-P22 had no effect upon the development of these cholinergic patches [19].

References